General deck 1

Question 1

Case History includes

Answer 1

Chief complaint (own words, open ended), present illness (OPQRST), Family, Occupational, Social, ROS

Question 2

Vital signs

Answer 2

Temp (bacterial: sustained virus: spikes, fever & chills) B/P - systole (110-140) diastole (60-90) pusle pressure (30-40)

Question 3

Orthostatic hypotension causes

Answer 3

syncope

Question 4

Icterus

Answer 4

jaundice

Question 5

cataracts

Answer 5

abscent red light reflex, lense opacity MC cause of vision loss

Question 6

Retinal detachment

Answer 6

abscent red light reflex, flashing lights, falling curtain

Question 7

Intracrainal pressure

Answer 7

Papilledema

Question 8

Introccular pressure

Answer 8

glaucoma (blurred, halos)

Question 9

Arcus senilis

Answer 9

(iris full of crud) Insignificang, elderly

Question 10

Corneal arcus

Answer 10

(iris full of crud) significant under 30 years old

Question 11

Diabetic retinopathy

Answer 11

waxy exudates and microaneursyms

Question 12

signs of hypertension in the eyes:

Answer 12

flame, cotton wool, copper wires

Question 13

crusty discharge of the ears:

Answer 13

otitis externa, swimmer’s ear

Question 14

bulging tympanum:

Answer 14

otitis media

Question 15

Myringitis:

Answer 15

redness (acute infection)

Question 16

Meningitis:

Answer 16

common complication

Question 17

Black eardrum:

Answer 17

perforation

Question 18

Pearly gray eardrum:

Answer 18

normal

Question 19

otosclerosis:

Answer 19

chalky white eardrum

Question 20

Causes of sensorineural hearing loss:

Answer 20

presbycusis, neuroma, meniere’s

Question 21

Causes of conduction hearing loss:

Answer 21

infections, cerumen, otosclerosis

Question 22

red nose:

Answer 22

acute rhinitis

Question 23

pale/gray/blue nose:

Answer 23

allergies and chronic “itis” (polyps)

Question 24

Foul discharge from the nose:

Answer 24

foreign object

Question 25

clear discharge from the nose:

Answer 25

CSF and viral infection

Question 26

Malignant lymph nodes:

Answer 26

non-mobile and non-tender

Question 27

Benign lymph nodes:

Answer 27

mobile and tender

Question 28

Supraclavicular lymph nodes:

Answer 28

R: above diaphragm L: everything else

Question 29

Pancreatitis and pancreas cancer symptoms:

Answer 29

T-10, epigastrum, fetal position, alcoholism

Question 30

Insulin, polydypsia, polyuria, and polyphagia are associated with:

Answer 30

diabetes mellitus

Question 31

Tests for the pancreas:

Answer 31

FBS, GTT (8-12 hrs), glycosylated hemoglobin, A1C

Question 32

Type I Diabetes Mellitus:

Answer 32

Juvenille, thin, insulin dependent

Question 33

Type II Diabetes Mellitus:

Answer 33

obese, receptor site malfunction

Question 34

T/F: Gestational diabetes is very dangerous

Answer 34

TRUE

Question 35

Associated items for cholecystitis and cholelithasis:

Answer 35

female, multiparous, distension, obese, right scapular pain, jaundice, and steatorrhea

Question 36

Associated items for appendicitis:

Answer 36

WBC 17,500, neutrophilia, Schilling's shift, periumbilical pain, McBurney's, relief (burst)

Question 37

Peptic ulcers:

Answer 37

gastric, duodenal, barium study, infection, heliobacter pylori

Question 38

Stomach cancer:

Answer 38

Virchow's node on the left, occult blood

Question 39

Gastritis:

Answer 39

elderly, alcohol, B12 absorption problems, PLS

Question 40

Diverticulosis:

Answer 40

elderly, outpouching, fiber

Question 41

Colon cancer:

Answer 41

abrupt constipation, following polyps

Question 42

Crohn's disease:

Answer 42

skip lesions, string sign, rectal bleeding

Question 43

Ulcerative colitis:

Answer 43

stress, bloody diarrhea, megacolon

Question 44

Ascites:

Answer 44

Fluid in abdomen with organ failure (tests: fluid wave and puddle sign)

Question 45

Acute hepatitis:

Answer 45

tender, swollen, boggy, IgM, leukopenia, lymphocytosis

Question 46

Leukopenia:

Answer 46

decreased WBC

Question 47

Lymphocytosis:

Answer 47

increased lymph

Question 48

Chronic hepatitis:

Answer 48

non-tender, swollen, boggy, IgG, increased or normal WBC and enzymes

Question 49

Cirrhosis:

Answer 49

non-tender, variable, hard (smooth), increased GGT

Question 50

Liver cancer:

Answer 50

non-tender, swollen, hard (nodular), increased biopsy

Question 51

Nephrosis:

Answer 51

hypertension, edema, proteinuria, chronic failure, fat oval bodies, all casts

Question 52

Kidney cystitis:

Answer 52

ascending, e coli, no casts, no fever, nitrates

Question 53

kindey cancer:

Answer 53

painless bleeding

Question 54

kidney stones:

Answer 54

20yo, sedentary life style, colicky

Question 55

pre-eclampsia:

Answer 55

hypertension, edema, proteinuria

Question 56

eclampsia:

Answer 56

hypertension, edema, proteinuria AND convulsions

Question 57

RBC casts:

Answer 57

glomerulonephritis

Question 58

WBC and waxy casts:

Answer 58

pylonephritis

Question 59

All casts:

Answer 59

nephrosis

Question 60

hyaline casts:

Answer 60

normal