ACS: Female, pregnancy, Neonate Flashcards by Rob Harward

Skene’s Glands

paraurethral, female only

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Bartholins Glands

vulvovaginal, female only

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prolactin

milk production

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Oxytocin

Uterine concentraction, milk let down

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Monophasic

no ovulation, progesterone

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Corpus leuteum

estrogen and progesterone

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Corpus albicans

fibrosus of corpus luteum

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Corpus atretica

shrink (undeveoped eggs that recess)

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Placenta previa

low lying placenta (painless)

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Placenta abrupto

detached placenta (trauma - painful)

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Placenta accreta

retained placenta

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Placenta increta

in uterine muscle

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Placenta percreta

through uterine muscle

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Operculum

Mucus plug in gravid cervix

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Female bimanual evaluation

Tenderness, tumor, fetus position, ovary, tubes, uterus

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Female speculum evatuation

discharge, vagina, cervix

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Cystocele

Weakness of anterior vaginal wall (causing bulge) from bladder tissue, -cele=weak wall

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Rectocele

Herniation of rectum into posterior wall of vagina

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Cervical shape

round, oval, slit-like are normal. Transverse and stellate suggest delivery

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Cervidal conditions

warts, polyps, retention cysts, cervicitis (discharge) and cancer

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PID

Pelvic inflammatory disease, multiple agent causes from poor hyginese and STDs, ectopic pregnancy

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Ruptured tubal preganancy

usually caused by previous infection and scarring of cilia in fallopian tubes accompanied with unilateral adnexal pain and tenderness. Usual signs of preganacy, absent or low HCG

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Ovarian cysts and tumors

often asymptomatic until rather large. Alternate monthly adnexal pain.

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Mastitis

Red streaks caused by staph.

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Fibrocyctic disease

Mutiple tender nodules that regress after each menstrual cycle

Middleschmerz

ovulation pain, middle of the cycle

Dysmenorrhea

difficult menses (progressive)

Dyspareunia

difficult intercourse

Dystocia

difficult delivery

Procidentia

prolapse uterus

Endometriosis

ectopic endometrium, progressive dysmenorrhea, late period

Toxemia of pregnancy

dependent edema and 1 Pre-eclampsia - HEP, 2 Eclampsia - HEP and convusions

Involution melancholia

menopause (shrinkage) (atrophic vaginitis/vulvitis), hot flashes, (progestrone) Decrease in estrogen and prostaglandin

Increased HCG conditions

twins! (hydatiform mole - benign problem) and (choriocarcinoma - cancer problem)

EDC

estimated day of confinement

Nagels rule

LMP + 7 days + 9 months

Conjugate

measurement of pelvic birth canal (pubis to sacrum)

Ampulla

fertilization of egg here

Implantation

7-10 days

HCG

causes persistence of corpus luteum and prevents menstruation, chorion, trophoblast, (seminoma in males)

Chadwicks

Bluish congested vagina is first sign

Chadlins

soften cervix

Chloama aka melasma

facial mask

Linea nigra

belly pigmentation

Braxton-hicks

false congractions after 3 months

quickening

mother feels baby move

station

fetal descent during labor, ischial spine is zero

lightening

descent two weeks before labor

effacement

thinning of cervix

cesarian

active vaginal infeciton

Labor 1st stage

1st contraction to full dialation 10cm (longest stage)

Labor 2nd stage

Dialation to delivery of fetus (vertex presentation)

Labor 3rd stage

expel placenta

Puerperium

4-6 wks post partum, usuall 3 months, after delivery mother is vulnerable to hemorrhage and infection, (puerperal sepsis). Lochia (1 to 2 weeks) - discharge through puerperium: 1st lochia rubra then lochia serosa then lochia alba.

APGAR

done 1 min and 5 min after birth: appearance, pusle, grimmace, activity, respiration. 2 points each for a total of 10.

Pulse rate in: Infant, school age, adult

120-160, 70-110, 50-90

Blood pressure: infant, school age, adult

Infant 60-90/30-55, school age 90-100/50-70, adult 110/70

Respiration: infant, school age, adult

25-40, 15-25, 15-20

Temperature: infant, school age, adult

99, 98.6, 98.6

Birth weight

normal: <3 weeks, smoker, extension, ears not rolled out (decreased cartilage)

meconium

fetus feces

Vernix Caseosa

cheesy sticky lotion

Lanugo

soft body hair

Cephalhematoma

unilateral bruise

caput succedaneum

crossing suture

Anterior fontanelle closes when?

closes ~18 mo. (to never)

Posterior fontanelle closes when?

~2months

Pyloric stenosis

projectile vomiting, RUQ olive mass, String sign on xray (pyloric channel)

Jaundice

Less than 24 hours is life threatening, More than 3 days is self limiting

Cradle cap

Infant seborrheic dermatitis

Primitive reflex: grasp

Most primitive reflex

Primitive reflex: Suckling

tap under lip and baby purses lips (disappearance variable but often soon after birth)

Primitive reflex: rooting

touch cheek, turn toward stimulus (dissappears within 3-4 months

Reflex: Tonic neck

aka fencers, present at birth, lay the baby supine, turn their head, arm and leg extend onthe ipsilateral side, flex on the contralateral side (disappears within 2-6 months)

Reflex: Moro's

aka startle reflex, baby raises arms bilaterally in response to loud noise, (dissapears in 4-6 mo.) pathological if persists.

Reflex: Babinski's

Stroke ball of foot and dorsiflexion occurs, normal for up to 2 years

Reflex: Chvostek

tap cheek, test for tetany (CN VII)