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NBS Part 2 Boards > ACS: Tox, Geriatrics, Skin Lesions > Flashcards

ACS: Tox, Geriatrics, Skin Lesions Flashcards

1
Q

Anxiolytic drugs aka

A

anti anxiety

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2
Q

Anxiolytic drug names

A

-zine, -pine: Thorazine, chlorpromazine, benzodiapzepine, haldol

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3
Q

Anxiolytic drug effects

A

schizo -> aimless wandering -> Tremor (pseudo parkinsonism) -> tardive dyskinesia (extra motion before intended motion)

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4
Q

Tranquilizers

A

Entry level anti anxiety drugs, librium and valium: causes falls in elderly.

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5
Q

Psilocybin

A

Hallucinogenic mushroom (sprinkled in street drugs)

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6
Q

Muscarine

A

poisonous mushroom (mistaken for food)

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7
Q

Blood thinners caution

A

Internal hemorrage is potential concern, avoid Vit K1

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8
Q

Blood thinner drug names

A

Heparin, coumadin, warfarin, asprin, dicumerol, Vit C &E “-ins thin the blood”

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9
Q

Barbituates

A

“Sleeping pill”, respiratory depressant, constrict pupils (miosis)

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10
Q

Organophosphates

A

Insecticide, blocks cholinesterase, sauses runny eyes and nose, salavate, lacrimate, urinate, defecate = SLUD

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11
Q

Atropine

A

antidote for organiphosphates and carbamates, too much causes dry eyes, nose, mouth

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12
Q

Anabolic steroids

A

causes liver damage, and early epiphyseal plate closure in children

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13
Q

Carbon tetrachloride and choloform

A

causes acute liver failure (even if inhaled)

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14
Q

cyanide

A

low head while firing pottery, vomit, stops electron transport chain (arsinic also)

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15
Q

lead

A

basophilic stippling, verve tissue damage, paint, smelter, ceramics, Tx EDTA

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16
Q

Mercury

A

crayons, toys, paint

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17
Q

Petrolium distallates

A

ipecac

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18
Q

Carbon dioxide poisoning

A

uncommon

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19
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

MC from motors cigarettes,

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20
Q

Nitrogen oxide

A

cigarettes and plants

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21
Q

Nitrous oxide

A

anesthetic

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22
Q

Long term use of coirticosteroids

A

adrenals and bone loss

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23
Q

Ionizide

A

ANS dysfunction

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24
Q

L-dopa

A

parkinsonism

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25
Q

Monamine oxide inhibitors (MAO) (Depression drug)

A

prevets breakdown of neurotransmitters, increases availability fo synapses, certain foods cause nypertension, 6 months to take effect

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26
Q

Tricyclics (elavil) (Depression drug)

A

for depression, takes 6 months to take effect

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27
Q

Prozac (Depression drug)

A

Inhibits serotonin uptake, a few days to take effect, causes homicidal tendancies

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28
Q

Lithium carbonate (Depression drug)

A

manic depressive

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29
Q

NSAIDS: Ibuprophin - acetaminophen - overdose treatement -

A

Ibuprophin, GI irritation/bleeding, acetaminophen (tyloenol) - antipyretic and analgesic (liver damage) no mucosal irritation, Overdose treatment - Vomit within 4 hours, N-acetylcystine antidote

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30
Q

Salicylates (asprin)

A

Bleeding, inhibits prostatglandin, chronic use causes tinitus, gi bleeding, and kidney irritation, overdose treatment, vomit within 4 hours, activated charcoal, pump, call poison control.

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31
Q

Reyes Syndrome

A

After viral infection in children ( acute endephalopahty, fatty infiltreation of viscera, hepatometaly. S/S: headache, vomiting, amnesia, rash, seizures, lethargy. Parylsis starts in head and moves distal

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32
Q

Streptomyosin

A

(antibiotic) hearing problems

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33
Q

Tetracycline

A

(antibiotic) yelow teeth, avoid dary and sun, binds with calcium

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34
Q

Penicillin

A

(antibiotic) causes anaphylactic shock, rash

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35
Q

Amoxicillin

A

(antibiotic) stunts gi neurotransmitters and diminishes brain maturation (autism connection)

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36
Q

Levaquin

A

(antibiotic) causes tendon tears and ruptures

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37
Q

Acyclovir

A

herpes (lysine, valtrex)

38
Q

allopurinol

A

chronic gout and chochicine (acute gout) - purine metabolism (organ meats, wine, cheese)

39
Q

antabuse

A

disulfiram - turns to aldehyde in gut when alcohol is ingested

40
Q

Dilantin

A

taken to decrease seizure activity

41
Q

digitalis

A

styrengthens heart contractions

42
Q

Propranolol

A

“-ol” = beta blocker, migranes, heart arrhythmias, etc

43
Q

Ritalin

44
Q

Tagamet

A

taken for ulcers

45
Q

Lipitor

A

Decreases blood cholestorl

46
Q

vioxx/celebrex

A

Cox-2 inhibnitor

47
Q

Glucosamine and chondroiting sulfate

A

taken for disc/joint pain

48
Q

MC endocrine cause of carpal tunnel

A

hypothyroidism

49
Q

Presbyopia

A

lense elasticity (farsighted)

50
Q

Presbycusis

A

male, high tones, (sensorinural)

51
Q

Macular degeration

A

irreversable, painless, central field loss

52
Q

MC cause of conduction loss

A

cerumen (ear wax)

53
Q

Which comes first: fall or bone break

A

bone break then fall and fall can cause bone break (determine which)

54
Q

stroke

A

tear of intima Face, Arm, Speech, Time = FAST

55
Q

Seborrheic keratosis

A

“barnacles of old age” insignificant

56
Q

Lichenification and leukoplakia

A

pre-cancerous (chew tobacco)

57
Q

Constipation

A

need for fiber and fluid in elderly is increased

58
Q

Osteroporosis

A

DEXA bone density

59
Q

Prostate

A

PSA is not specific, (DRE is specific)

60
Q

Arterial insufficiency

A

pale, think skin, smokers

61
Q

Venous insufficiency

A

rubor, staisis dermatitis

62
Q

Everything in system decreases except

A

Increases: Fat, ESR, Residual volume, Stays the same: Blood glucose and calcium and WBC

63
Q

MC blindness

64
Q

Macule (size, shape, example)

A

<1cm, flat freckle

65
Q

Papule (size, shape, example)

A

<1cm, raised/solid, wart

66
Q

Vessicle (size, shape, example)

A

<0.5cm, raised/serous, herpes

67
Q

Pustule (size, shape, example)

A

<0,5cm, raised/pus, acne

68
Q

Birthmark (size, shape, example)

A

large, flat, mongolian

69
Q

Nodule (size, shape, example)

A

large, raised/solid, arthritis

70
Q

Bullae (size, shape, example)

A

large, raised/serous, pemphigus

71
Q

Furuncle (size, shape, example)

A

large, raised/pus, boil

72
Q

Basal cell cancer

A

MC cancer, Waxy pearly, indurated, rodent ulcer

73
Q

Squamous cell cancer

A

Irregular, flaky (actinic keratosis)

74
Q

Melanoma

A

Pigmented multicolor, most invasive skin cancer

75
Q

Precancerous

A

actinic keratosis (yellow), leukoplakia (white)

76
Q

Folliculitis

A

irritated hair follicles (groin, neck)

77
Q

Psoriasis

A

“silver scales, pitted nails, occurs on extensors” (most significant featuer is psoriatic paques) 15% joint involvement, hyperuricemia

78
Q

Eczema

A

(contact dermatitis) Flexors, remove agent (touching contaminated things)

79
Q

Pediculosis

A

lice (nits)

80
Q

Scabies

A

“furrow and burrow with all their mites”

81
Q

Tinea capitis

A

ringworm on head

82
Q

Lyme disease

A

spirochete carried by deer tick, erythema migrans (blotchy) central clearing in 2-3 weeks

83
Q

Erysipelas

A

(Strep) shiny red fessicles, fever, patches

84
Q

Pityriasis rosea

A

Herald (mother) patch, 10-30yro, fatigued, post viral, comes on fase, recedes slowly

85
Q

seborrheic Dermatitis

A

Scaly, oily, itchy, erythema, paonful (skinalgia), binds hair (cradle cap), blepharitis Tx: shampoo (sulpher and asprin), steriod cream

86
Q

Dermatomyositis

A

Rash (heliotrope i.e. avoids sun) attacks eyelids (where SLE does not)

87
Q

SLE

A

Butterfly rash (malar) heliotrope (i.e. avoids sun)

88
Q

Acne vulgaris - rosacea -

A

Vulgaris - young, Rosacea - “Nosey Rosey” rhinoplasty -> deep infection -> damage

89
Q

Impetigo

A

Staph and strep: primary (vesicle and bulla), secondary is crusty (very contagous)

90
Q

Tinea Versicolor

A

Subcutaneous fungus causing white patches (summertime)

91
Q

Vitiligo

A

patchy abscene of melanin (can progress)

92
Q

Lichenification

A

thickened epidermis induced by scratching (washboard)

NBS Part 2 Boards (10 decks)

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