General Classifications of Life

Question 1

Define prokaryotic cells

Answer 1

• No nucleus
• DNA floating freely in nucleoid
• No distinguishable organelles

Question 2

Define eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

• Nucleus containing DNA formed in chromosomes
• Many distinguishable organelles
• 10x larger than prokaryotic

Question 3

What level of classification is the most diverse?

Answer 3

Species

Question 4

How many shark families are there?

Answer 4

34

Question 5

How are sharks classified after family?

Answer 5

Genus, species, based on internal and external morphology

Question 6

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 6

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota

Question 7

What is the opposite of extinct?

Answer 7

Extant

Question 8

What were the two domains before the current three?

Answer 8

Monera (bacteria + archaea) and Eukaroyta

Question 9

Why was the domain Monera broken into two?

Answer 9

Significant molecular differences in mechanisms and makeup (cell membrane)

Question 10

Describe domain Archaea

Answer 10

• Prokaryotic
• Unicellular
• Live in extreme environments
• Most likely the oldest organism

Question 11

Describe domain Bacteria

Answer 11

• Prokaryotic
• Unicellular
• Found in less extreme environments
• Aerobic or anaerobic
• Autotroph or heterotroph
• Chemical differences from archaea (peptidoglycan)

Question 12

Describe domain Eukaryota

Answer 12

• Unicellular, colonial, or multicellular
• Have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles
• 4 kingdoms: fungi, plants, animals, protists

Question 13

What two domains are closely related? Why?

Answer 13

Eukaryota and Archaea
Metabolic proteins (enzymes) involved in transcription and translation are more similar than between Archaea and Bacteria