General Biology : Sir Nico's Materials Plant Tissue

Question 1

▪ group of cells of the same type or of the mixed type,
having a common origin and performing an identical
function.

▪ may be classified into two groups: meristematic tissue
and permanent tissue.

Answer 1

Plant Tissue

Question 2

▪ have cells which are
continuously dividing.

▪ found in the growing regions
of the plant (apices of roots
and shoot)

▪ cells are immature and are
capable of undergoing repeated division throughout their life.

Answer 2

Meristematic Tissue

Question 3

Meristematic Tissue: Based on Origin

Answer 3

• Promeristem
• Primary meristem
• Secondary meristem

PPS

Podrigo Puterte Supporter

Question 4

Meristematic Tissue: Based on Location

Answer 4

• Apical
  meristem
• Intercalary
  meristem
• Lateral
  meristem

A.I.L.

Question 5

Meristematic Tissue: Based on
function

Answer 5

• Protoderm
• Procambium
• Ground
  meristem

PPG

Question 6

• youngest stage of the
  growing organ
• gives rise to primary
  meristem

Answer 6

Promeristem

Question 7

• Embryonic tissues
  -gives rise epidermis, the
  cortex, the leaves and the pith.

Answer 7

Primary Meristem

Question 8

-It develops later from non
-meristematic tissues at a
certain stage of
development of an organ of
a plant.

Answer 8

Secondary Meristem

Question 9

The area of actively dividing cells that locates at the tips of the roots and the shoots.

Aids increase of height of the plant by facilitating the growth of the shoot and the root.

Answer 9

Apical Meristem (top)

Question 10

The area of actively dividing cells that locates at the internodes.

Contributes to the increase in height, with the growth of internodes.

Answer 10

Intercalary Meristem (Mid)

Question 11

The area of actively dividing cells that allocates at the lateral side of the stem and the root.

Increases the thickness of the plant by increasing the diameter of the plant.

Answer 11

Lateral Meristem (Bottom)

Question 12

• outermost plant tissue and
  forms the epidermis
• located around the outside of the stem
  and protects the plants from any
  mechanical shocks.

Answer 12

Protoderm

Question 13

innermost tissue and
gives rise to the xylem and phloem.

Answer 13

procambium

Question 14

-cells are large with
thick walls.
-gives rise to ground tissue

Answer 14

Ground Meristem

Question 15

composed of cells that
have lost the power of
division, having attained
their definite form and
sizes (differentiated and
mature).

Answer 15

Permanent Tissue

Question 16

Simple Permanent

Answer 16

-Parenchyma
-Collenchyma
-Sclerenchyma

Question 17

Complex Tissue

Answer 17

-Xylem
-Phloem

Question 18

Permanent Tissue

Answer 18

• Dermal
• Vascular
• Ground

Question 19

▪ covers the plant (found on the outer layer of roots, stems and leaves)

▪ transpiration, gas exchange and defense.

▪ woody plants > epidermis breaks apart into a thick periderm > secondary growth > grow in girth.

▪ protecting it from fire or heat injury, dehydration, freezing
conditions, and/or disease.

▪ first line of defense

Answer 19

Dermal Tissue

Question 20

• Isodiametric Cells
• Varied Shapes
• Made of Cellulose (thin walls)
• Photosynthesis, storage, secretion
• chloroplast / chlorophyll
• closely packed / intercellular space

Answer 20

Parenchyma

Question 21

Parenchyma

Answer 21

Chlorenchyma, Aerenchyma

Question 22

parenchymatous tissue that contains chloroplasts and
chlorophyll

Answer 22

Chlorenchyma

Question 23

parenchyma tissue with large air spaces between cells.

Answer 23

Aerenchyma

Question 24

• layer below epidermis
• photosynthesis if chloroplast are present
• hamogeneous or in patches
• thickened w/ cellulose, hemicellulose or pectin
• no intercellular space
  ▪ help support young parts of
  the plant shoot.
  ▪ elongated cells that have
  thicker primary walls
  ▪ flexible support without restraining growth.
• At maturity, these cells are
  living and flexible, elongating
  with the stems and leaves
  they support

Answer 24

Collenchyma

Question 25

▪ supporting elements in the
plant but are much more
rigid than collenchyma cells.
▪ contains large amounts of
lignin, a relatively indigestible
strengthening polymer that
accounts for more than a
quarter of the dry mass of
wood
▪ has two types: fiber and
sclereids

Answer 25

Sclerenchyma

Question 26

Two Types of Schlerenchyma

Answer 26

Fiber, Sclereids

Question 27

Two Types of Schlerenchyma: Made up of Cellulose

Answer 27

Fiber

Question 28

Two Types of Schlerenchyma: may occur in the cortex, pith, phloem, hard seeds, nuts, stony
fruits, in leaves and in the stems of many plants. They are also known as grit cells

Answer 28

Sclereids

Question 29

• Waters and Minerals
• One-way flow of sap
• thick cell wall of lignin
• cells having no ends wall between them

Answer 29

Xylem

Question 30

• water and food
• two-way flow of sap
• thin cell wall made of cellulose
• cells with ends walls and perforations

Answer 30

Phloem

Question 31

Xylem : Performs conduction of water and mineral salts from the roots to the top of plants

Answer 31

tracheids, vessels

Question 32

Xylem:

▪ long and tapered ends
▪ main function is to conduct
water; and provide
mechanical support

Answer 32

Tracheids

Question 33

Xylem:

▪ wider, shorter, thinner walled,
less tapered, aligned end to
end, perforation plates, walls
lignified
▪ have perforation plates that
enable water to flow freely
through the vessels.

Answer 33

Vessels

Question 34

also called as bast or lepton

Answer 34

Phloem

Question 35

Phloem

Answer 35

1. Sieve tube elementt
2. Companion Cells

Question 36

▪ name sieve derives from the strainer appearance given to the cells by the presence
of numerous pores crossing their bodies.

▪ used for the longitudinal transmission of food

▪ general term for sieve cells and sieve tube element

Answer 36

Sieve Elements

Question 37

Phloem:

▪ lack a nucleus, ribosomes, a distinct vacuole,
and cytoskeletal elements
▪ Has sieve plates

Answer 37

Sieve Tube Elements

Question 38

Phloem:

▪ connected to the sieve-tube element by
numerous plasmodesmata
▪ help load sugars into the sieve-tube elements,
which then transport the sugars to other parts of
the plant.

Answer 38

Companion Cells