General Biology : Sir Nico's Materials Cell Modification Flashcards
A type of cell modification that is found on the apical surface of the cell. Functions may include secretion, absorption, movement of luminal contents, locomotion, sensing, and in some organisms, ingestion.
Apical Modification
a. Villi/Microvilli
b. Pseudopods
c. Cilia
d. Flagella
e. Root hair
VPCFR
Very Powerful Channel For Real
Function for intercellular connections with the adjacent/neighboring cells.
Lateral Modifications
a. Tight Junctions
b. Adherens/Adhering Junction
c. Gap Junction
TAG
Found on the basal surface of the cell for anchorage and/or attachment.
Basal Modifications
a. Desmosomes
b. Hemidesmosomes
c. Basal infoldings
DHB
Department of Hover Board
Structure:
o Finger-like cytoplasmic extensions
o Each villus has lacteal (tiny lymphatic vessels that absorb
fatty acids and glycerol)
o One-cell thick to increase the diffusion rate
o Has blood capillary that absorbs glucose and amino acids
o Cells on the villi are packed with microvilli
Villi
Present in:
o Apical surface of epithelial cells like in small intestine
Villi
Functions:
o Provides a short distance for the diffusion of food
molecules in the blood
o Increases surface area for absorption
Villi
Structure:
o Elongated, motile structures on the surface of some
epithelial cells; short hair-like projections
o Made up of microtubules (axoneme: central core)
o Each cilium is connected to a basal body and extends from the free surface
o Exhibits rapid back-and-forth movement
Cilia
Present in:
o Paramecium and Balantidium, mammalian
oviduct (respiratory tract: lungs, trachea, paranasal sinus
mucosa, primary bronchus)
Cilia
Cillia is present in?
-Paramecium
-Balantidium
- Mammalian oviduct
- Respiratory tract: lungs, trachea, paranasal sinus
mucosa, primary bronchus
PBMR
Pinistol ni Bryan Mendoza si Robert
Functions:
o move mammalian ova through oviducts
o clean debris from the respiratory systems of mammals
o locomotion (for protozoa)
Cilia
Cillia Locomotion for?
Protozoa
Structure:
o Tail-like projections that protrude from the cell body
o Bundle of nine pairs of microtubules surrounding two
central microtubules
o Same axial structure with cilia but much longer
Flagella
Present in:
o Sperm cell (spermatozoa- only flagellated cell in human
body)
o Mastigophora: Trypanosoma, Trichomonas, Giardia
leishmania
o also occur on the gametes of algae, fungi, mosses and
slime molds
Flagella
Flagell: Mastigophora
-Trypanosoma
-Trichomonas
-Giardia leishmania
TTGl
TarTaGlia
Function:
o locomotion
Flagella
Structure:
o Long tubular-shaped outgrowths from root epidermal cells
Root Hair