General Flashcards
What are the symptoms of Marfan’s syndrome?
- slender limbs
- long fingers
- long toes
- big hands
- big feet
How could someone with Marfan’s syndrome have a sudden death?
Dilated aorta —> aortic aneurysm —> ruptured aortic aneurysm
—> haemorrhage
Abnormal elastic fibres (less recoil of heart)
A mutation in which gene causes Marfan’s syndrome?
Fibrilin-1 gene
What inheritance pattern is Marfan’s syndrome?
Autosomal dominant
What type of test is a high vagina swab useful for?
Testing for STIs as it gets tissue samples fr9k the upper vaginal region
What is cystoscopy used to examine?
The lining of the bladder
What type of epithelial cells are found in the bronchi?
Psuedostratified columnar epithelium cells
What type of cells are found in the alveoli?
Type 1 and 2 pneumocystis
What are the cell renewal rates in the trachea, alveoli, goblet cells and club cells?
Trachea (goblet cells and epithelia cells) - 1 to 2 months
Alveoli (pneumocytes)- 8 days
Goblet cells - 10 days
Club cells -never
How does smoking damage the lungs?
- Early stage - normal mucus layer thickens, cilia dies off, ciliagenesis occurs
- Chronic stage - goblet cells and basal cells proliferate, club cells die, carcinogens induce mutations and malignancy, pneumocytes in the alveoli die (and then proliferate)
Which glands use merocrine secretion?
Pancreatic glands
What type of secretion do sebaceous glands use?
Holocrine
What type of secretion do mammary glands use?
Apocrine secretion
What is the earliest embryonic stage that placenta previa could occur? What cells are responsible for this?
Blastulation
Trophoblast
What day does implantation begin?
Day 7
