Gender representations Flashcards
What does the Just the Women report (2012) analyze?
Content analysis of 11 national newspapers over 2 weeks
The report examines the portrayal of women in British national newspapers.
What did the Just the Women report find?
Often omit women’s voices
misrepresents women
promotes harmful myths and stereotypes
What does the media do in the representation of women?
Double victimise women
Focus on women’s appearance
What does some publication contain around women?
pornified material on a daily basis
What does pornified material reinforce?
The idea of objectification and women as sexual commodities.
What impact does systematic sexism in the British national press have on women?
Negatively impacts women’s participation in public life and access to justice in cases of violence.
What did Ferguson do content analysis on?
Womens magazines from the end of WW2 to 1980
What were Fergusons findings
Organisation around the cult of femininity
Idealised womanhood
Consumerism
Traditional gender roles
Lack of intersectionality
Passivity and dependence
Emotionalism
What does Tuchman et al. state about women in the media?
Women experience symbolic annihilation in the media.
Omission
Comdemnation
Trivialisation
Within trivialisation what were the limited roles of women in media?
Wife
Mother
Whore
Bitch
According to Mulvey, how does the media portray women?
Women are consumed by the male gaze.
What percentage of news experts are women according to Rodriguez?
20%.
What did Martinson et all say about media stories for women?
Few media stories are about women’s achievement, expertise or abilities outside the home or motherhood.
What does the condemnation concept involve?
Depicting women negatively to reinforce societal norms and stereotypes.
What character traits are often associated with negative portrayals of women?
Career woman
Childless woman
Single woman
Only successful if they take on male characteristics.
How does 21st-century media aim to empower women according to Gauntlett?
It is aimed at young women.
What role does new media play in women’s empowerment according to Green and Singleton?
It empowers women to explore and subvert traditional identities.
Internet is feminine technology.
What did the 2020 report analyze regarding male characters in TV programs aimed at boys?
It found that male characters were less likely to show emotions and more likely to take risks.
Less likely to have onscreen parents
Both perpetrator and victims of violence.
What did McNamara say about masculine representation
Boy are demonised by representations of masculinity
Self-sufficiency, Acting tough, Aggression and control
How are men who take on stereotypically feminine traits often portrayed?
For comedic value.
What has been the visibility trend of non-binary and transgender characters since 2014?
They have become more visible, but their representation is still problematic.
What did research in 2009 reveal about British trans people’s views on media portrayals?
78% felt that portrayals were inaccurate or highly inaccurate.
What are some issues faced by non-binary and transgender characters in media representation?
Hypersexualised
Tragic narrative
Tokenism
Deceptive characters
What do feminists believe about the media’s role in gender role socialization?
It is a major player.
What do liberal feminists say about media representation?
There is a cultural lag caused by a lack of representation in media creation.
What does radical feminism, represented by Wolf, state about media?
Media dupes women into the beauty myth.
What do postmodernists believe about the media’s impact on gender identities?
It challenges traditional definitions and encourages diverse identities.
According to Marxists, what is the primary motivation behind media representation?
Profit.
What does the pluralist perspective say about media and gender stereotyping?
It underestimates women’s ability to see through gender stereotyping.
