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Psychopathology > Gender Dysphoria, Sexual Dysfunctions/Paraphilias > Flashcards

Gender Dysphoria, Sexual Dysfunctions/Paraphilias Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of sex assigned at birth

A

Male
Female
Intersex

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2
Q

Definition of gender identity

A

Who you are on the inside

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3
Q

Gender expression definition

A

How you express your gender in society

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4
Q

Sexual orientation definition

A

Romantic attraction towards which gender

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5
Q

Sexual preference definition

A

Sexual attraction to

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6
Q

Gender Identity: Man
Sex assigned at birth: Female
What am I?

A

Transgender MALE

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7
Q

What does gender nonconforming/gender queer mean?

A

Gender identity differs from sex assigned at birth-may/may not be in clear or consistent ways (male, female)

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8
Q

What is nonbinary?

A

Identity that is neither male or female

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9
Q

What does agender mean?

A

Does not align with a gender

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10
Q

Gender fluid?

A

Gender identity that changes over time

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11
Q

Human Sexuality Timeline

A

Age 2: aware of physical differences
Age 3-5: categorize their gender-stable sense of gender identity
Puberty: Sexual preferences, orientations are explored

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12
Q

Gender Dysphoria Definition

A

Sex assigned at birth does not equal gender identity causing significant distress/discomfort

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13
Q

Gender Dysphoria Diagnostic Criteria

A
  1. Marked incongruence between the person’s sex assigned at birth and their gender identity
  2. Incongruence leads to significant distress/functional impairement
  3. Symptoms last > 6 months
    * Incongruence manifested by at least 6 symptoms
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14
Q

Gender Dyphoria prevalence, etiology, and associations

A

Unknown etiology
Prevalence < 0.01% in adults
Associated w/:
1. Suicidal ideation
2. Suicide attempts
3. Self-harm
4. Substance abuse
5. Violence victimization

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15
Q

Managment of Gender Dysphoria

A
  1. SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
  2. Gender-affirming interventions
    * Social transitioning
    * Hormone therapy (in puberty)
    * Gender confirming surgery
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16
Q

Sexual Dysfunction Diagnostic Criteria

A

Problem in normal sexual response cycle
1. Desire
2. Arousal
3. Orgasm
Lasts long than 6 months

17
Q

Male Sexual Dysfunction (Desire)

Characteristics: motivation, sexual drive and interest

A

Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
No fantasy or desire for sex

18
Q

Male Sexual Dysfunction (Arousal)

Characteristics: Sexual pleasure + physiological response

A

Erectile Disorder
Inability to obtain or maintain an erection until completion of sexual act

19
Q

Male Dysfunction Cycle (Orgasm)

Physio state: sexual tension released w/ contractions of organs

A
  1. Premature ejactulation-before penetration or within 1 min of penetration
  2. Delayed ejaculation-absence or delay in ejaculation
20
Q

Female Sexual Dysfunction (Desire/Arousal)

Characteristics: Motivation, sexual drive and interest

A

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder
Unable to achieve or maintain lubrication during sexual act

21
Q

Female Sexual Dysfunction (Orgasm)

Physio state: sexual tension released w/ contractions of organs

A

Female orgasmic disorder
inability to achieve orgasm during mastrubation or intercouse

22
Q

Female Sexual Dysfunction (OTHER)

PAIN

A

Genito-pelvic disorder/penetration disorder
Difficulties w/ vaginal penetration or vulvovaginal/pelvic pain during intercouse/penetration attempts

23
Q

Define dyspareunia

A

Genital pain during intercouse

24
Q

Involuntary vaginal contraction while attempting coitus, making penetration difficult or painful

A

Vaginismus

25
Sexual Dysfunction Epidemiology
1. Psychological factors are the primary cause: **anxiety, guilt, body image** 2. Medical condition may coexist but insufficiently explains the symptoms
26
Sexual Dysfunction Management
1. Sex therapy: **treat as couple** (anxiety reduction) 2. Psychotherapy: address feelings of guilt/poor self-esteem 3. Other: * Premature ejaculation (**coronal ridge squeeze**-pain,**stop and go**-reduces pleasure) * Pain: dilators, relaxation techniques 4. Pharmacotherapy: adjunct therapy * ED-vasodilators (sildenafil) * Premature Ejaculation SSRIs
27
Exhibitionism
Sexual arousal from **exposing genitals** to unsuspecting strangers Typical features: * Female victim * Masturbation during act * **No attempt to involve the observer**
28
Voyeurism
* Sexual arousal from **observing** unsuspected person naked or in the process of disrobing or engaging in sexual activity * Person is **18 years old** Typical Features: * Female victim * Masturbation during act * No attempt to further involve the stranger
29
Fetishism
* Sexual arousal from **objects** (shoes, gloves, stockings) or highly specific sexual focus on **non-genital body part** (feet) *Devices used for tactile genital stimulation do not qualify as fetish Typical Features: * Masturbation often accompanies a multisensory fondling of the object * Object may be required for arousal
30
Transvestic Disorder
* Sexual arousal by **cross dressing**-wearing clothes of the opposite gender Typical Features: * Unrelated to gender dysphoria * Cross-dressing may involve a single article of clothing or complete dressing as opposite sex * Distress may be manifested as "purging and acquistion"
31
Froutteurism
* Sexual arousal from **touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person** Typical features: * Occurs in crowded places * Frotteur fantasies about a relationship * Frottage tends to be their sole sexual outlet
32
Sexual Sadism Definition
Sexual arousal from **causing** the physical and psychological suffering of another person
33
Sexual Masochism Definition
Sexual arousal from **receiving** physical and psychological suffering * Humiliation * Beaten * Bound * Asphyxiation
34
Typical Features of Sexual Sadism/Masochism
1. May be normal among consenting partners 2. NOT simulated 3. Actions tend to increase in severity over time
35
Pedophilia
* Sexual arousal from **prepubescent child** * Typically < 13 years old * Perperator is **at least 16 years** old AND **> 5 years older than the child** Typical Features * Involves: viewing, fonding, oral sex and/or intercouse * **Lack of remorse** and use of rationlization to justify actions
36
Etiology of Paraphilias
Multifactorial and UNKNOWN
37
Treatment of Paraphilias
1. Behavioral therapy: aversion (**covert sensitization**), CBT 2. Reduction of sexual drives: **antiandrogens (Depo-Provera)**-non compliance is a problem (chemical castration) 3. Treatment of comorbidy conditions (anxiety/depression): SSRIs-decrease libido, control impulse, and reduce obsessions (also used for premature ejactulation) 4. External control: Jail

Psychopathology (16 decks)

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