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Psychopathology > Gender Dysphoria, Sexual Dysfunctions/Paraphilias > Flashcards

Gender Dysphoria, Sexual Dysfunctions/Paraphilias Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of sex assigned at birth

A

Male
Female
Intersex

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2
Q

Definition of gender identity

A

Who you are on the inside

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3
Q

Gender expression definition

A

How you express your gender in society

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4
Q

Sexual orientation definition

A

Romantic attraction towards which gender

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5
Q

Sexual preference definition

A

Sexual attraction to

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6
Q

Gender Identity: Man
Sex assigned at birth: Female
What am I?

A

Transgender MALE

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7
Q

What does gender nonconforming/gender queer mean?

A

Gender identity differs from sex assigned at birth-may/may not be in clear or consistent ways (male, female)

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8
Q

What is nonbinary?

A

Identity that is neither male or female

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9
Q

What does agender mean?

A

Does not align with a gender

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10
Q

Gender fluid?

A

Gender identity that changes over time

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11
Q

Human Sexuality Timeline

A

Age 2: aware of physical differences
Age 3-5: categorize their gender-stable sense of gender identity
Puberty: Sexual preferences, orientations are explored

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12
Q

Gender Dysphoria Definition

A

Sex assigned at birth does not equal gender identity causing significant distress/discomfort

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13
Q

Gender Dysphoria Diagnostic Criteria

A
  1. Marked incongruence between the person’s sex assigned at birth and their gender identity
  2. Incongruence leads to significant distress/functional impairement
  3. Symptoms last > 6 months
    * Incongruence manifested by at least 6 symptoms
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14
Q

Gender Dyphoria prevalence, etiology, and associations

A

Unknown etiology
Prevalence < 0.01% in adults
Associated w/:
1. Suicidal ideation
2. Suicide attempts
3. Self-harm
4. Substance abuse
5. Violence victimization

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15
Q

Managment of Gender Dysphoria

A
  1. SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
  2. Gender-affirming interventions
    * Social transitioning
    * Hormone therapy (in puberty)
    * Gender confirming surgery
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16
Q

Sexual Dysfunction Diagnostic Criteria

A

Problem in normal sexual response cycle
1. Desire
2. Arousal
3. Orgasm
Lasts long than 6 months

17
Q

Male Sexual Dysfunction (Desire)

Characteristics: motivation, sexual drive and interest

A

Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
No fantasy or desire for sex

18
Q

Male Sexual Dysfunction (Arousal)

Characteristics: Sexual pleasure + physiological response

A

Erectile Disorder
Inability to obtain or maintain an erection until completion of sexual act

19
Q

Male Dysfunction Cycle (Orgasm)

Physio state: sexual tension released w/ contractions of organs

A
  1. Premature ejactulation-before penetration or within 1 min of penetration
  2. Delayed ejaculation-absence or delay in ejaculation
20
Q

Female Sexual Dysfunction (Desire/Arousal)

Characteristics: Motivation, sexual drive and interest

A

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder
Unable to achieve or maintain lubrication during sexual act

21
Q

Female Sexual Dysfunction (Orgasm)

Physio state: sexual tension released w/ contractions of organs

A

Female orgasmic disorder
inability to achieve orgasm during mastrubation or intercouse

22
Q

Female Sexual Dysfunction (OTHER)

PAIN

A

Genito-pelvic disorder/penetration disorder
Difficulties w/ vaginal penetration or vulvovaginal/pelvic pain during intercouse/penetration attempts

23
Q

Define dyspareunia

A

Genital pain during intercouse

24
Q

Involuntary vaginal contraction while attempting coitus, making penetration difficult or painful

A

Vaginismus

25
Q

Sexual Dysfunction Epidemiology

A
  1. Psychological factors are the primary cause: anxiety, guilt, body image
  2. Medical condition may coexist but insufficiently explains the symptoms
26
Q

Sexual Dysfunction Management

A
  1. Sex therapy: treat as couple (anxiety reduction)
  2. Psychotherapy: address feelings of guilt/poor self-esteem
  3. Other:
    * Premature ejaculation (coronal ridge squeeze-pain,stop and go-reduces pleasure)
    * Pain: dilators, relaxation techniques
  4. Pharmacotherapy: adjunct therapy
    * ED-vasodilators (sildenafil)
    * Premature Ejaculation SSRIs
27
Q

Exhibitionism

A

Sexual arousal from exposing genitals to unsuspecting strangers

Typical features:
* Female victim
* Masturbation during act
* No attempt to involve the observer

28
Q

Voyeurism

A
  • Sexual arousal from observing unsuspected person naked or in the process of disrobing or engaging in sexual activity
  • Person is 18 years old

Typical Features:
* Female victim
* Masturbation during act
* No attempt to further involve the stranger

29
Q

Fetishism

A
  • Sexual arousal from objects (shoes, gloves, stockings) or highly specific sexual focus on non-genital body part (feet)
    *Devices used for tactile genital stimulation do not qualify as fetish

Typical Features:
* Masturbation often accompanies a multisensory fondling of the object
* Object may be required for arousal

30
Q

Transvestic Disorder

A
  • Sexual arousal by cross dressing-wearing clothes of the opposite gender

Typical Features:
* Unrelated to gender dysphoria
* Cross-dressing may involve a single article of clothing or complete dressing as opposite sex
* Distress may be manifested as “purging and acquistion”

31
Q

Froutteurism

A
  • Sexual arousal from touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person

Typical features:
* Occurs in crowded places
* Frotteur fantasies about a relationship
* Frottage tends to be their sole sexual outlet

32
Q

Sexual Sadism Definition

A

Sexual arousal from causing the physical and psychological suffering of another person

33
Q

Sexual Masochism Definition

A

Sexual arousal from receiving physical and psychological suffering
* Humiliation
* Beaten
* Bound
* Asphyxiation

34
Q

Typical Features of Sexual Sadism/Masochism

A
  1. May be normal among consenting partners
  2. NOT simulated
  3. Actions tend to increase in severity over time
35
Q

Pedophilia

A
  • Sexual arousal from prepubescent child
  • Typically < 13 years old
  • Perperator is at least 16 years old AND > 5 years older than the child

Typical Features
* Involves: viewing, fonding, oral sex and/or intercouse
* Lack of remorse and use of rationlization to justify actions

36
Q

Etiology of Paraphilias

A

Multifactorial and UNKNOWN

37
Q

Treatment of Paraphilias

A
  1. Behavioral therapy: aversion (covert sensitization), CBT
  2. Reduction of sexual drives: antiandrogens (Depo-Provera)-non compliance is a problem (chemical castration)
  3. Treatment of comorbidy conditions (anxiety/depression): SSRIs-decrease libido, control impulse, and reduce obsessions (also used for premature ejactulation)
  4. External control: Jail

Psychopathology (16 decks)

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