gender and sexual identity sociologists Flashcards
parsons
traditional
females have expressive role based on childbearing role and males have instrumental role based on physical strength .
these are reinforced by socialization and are functional for the family and society.
oakley
traditional
feminist who argues gender role
socialization takes place in 4 main ways:
manipulation, canalisation, verbal
appellations, domestic activities. This is key
to developing gender identity
mcrobbie
traditional
bedroom culture where girls have a bsf and hide from society in their bedroom as it’s a safe space. This is why they weren’t involved in subculture research bc they formed their own subcultures
nakuamura
traditional
although women are stereotyped in the media, digital communication and the internet are being used as a forum of support when they face
inequality and discrimination
billington
traditional
media presents masculinity as dominant and femininity as subordinate
ferguson
traditional
Content analysis on womens magazines and concluded they are based on a cult of femininity which promotes the idea that excellence is achieved through caring for others, family, mariage
mitsos and browne
traditional
A reason for boys doing less well in education than girls is that teachers tended to be less strict with boys allowing them to underachieve and more likely to be labeled as disruptive making them more likely to form an anti learning culture.
willis
traditional
Boys are told off less so more likely to form anti school subculture and allowing them to underachieve bc teachers wouldn’t push them to their potential
skelton
traditional
Hidden curriculum is responsible for perpetuating gender differences: stereotypes for subjects, teachers encouragement and genders of teachers
kelly
traditional
2 reasons why science is seen as more masculine: science packaged as a boys subjects and boys dominating classrooms
colley
traditional
School subjects affected by: perpetuation of gender roles, subject preferences, learning achievements
mac an ghail
traditional
w/c boys used their ability to perform manual labor to shape masculine identities. Lack of effort led to few qualifications for white collar jobs
adkins
traditional
Feminist who argued the labor market has vertical and horizontal segregation
connell
changing
Different forms of masculinity: hegemonic, complicit, subordinate, marginalized
mort
changing
Rise in men’s consumption levels of fashion and beauty products
nixon
changing
Levis advert for the first time men sexualised in the media to look desirable, cool and acceptable to take care of themselves.
jackson
changing
Ladettes portrayed as scapegoats and blamed for problems in media, in school labeled as disruptive and told off more than lads
sharpe
changing
Priority of girls life events changed from marriage priority in 1960 to work priority in 1990s
mccormack
changing sexual
Homophobic attitudes do not remain in sixth form for all kids as they believed in equality, this was enforced by education policies such as every child matters agenda.
mac an ghail
trad sexual
Young men try to suppress homosexuality as a response to homophobia, by fighting to prove masculinity, having exaggerated homophobic and ultra masculine views, and the 3 fs (football,fighting,fucking)
mcintosh
trad sexual
The role of homosexual male includes effeminate mannerisms and once a male has accepted this label he will start to fulfill these expectations and create this behavior
rich
trad sexual
Women’s sexuality is oppressed by men in patriarchal society through institutions such as marriage. She uses compulsory heterosexuality as an explanation for women being socialized into the subordinate role, ensuring their availability to men.
weeks
changing sexual
Sexual identity is an issue but not for heterosexuals as it is not a big part of their identity.
plummer
changing sexual
Sees homosexuality as a process and discusses the homosexual career where a male accepting the homosexual label will join a subculture where stereotypical homosexual characteristics are the norm.
