Gen Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

abdominal pain severe, of sudden onset and out-of-keeping with physical exam findings.

A

acute mesenteric ischaemia = i.e. occlusion of superior mesenteric artery

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2
Q

“thumb print” on AXR at splenic flexure

A

Ischaemiac colitis

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3
Q

features of small bowel obstruction

A

central abdominal pain
nausea and vomiting
‘constipation’ with complete obstruction
abdominal distension

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4
Q

what is seen on abdo xray in small bowel obstruction

A

small bowel loops with fluid levels

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5
Q

most common place a volvulus occurs

A

sigmoid colon

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6
Q

post-op + abdo distension + vomiting + no bowel sounds = ?

A

paralytic ileus

Tx = NG tube

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7
Q

where is a femoral hernia located

A

inferior and lateral to pubic tubercle

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8
Q

where is a inguinal hernia located

A

medial and superior to pubic tubercle

indirect = lateral to inferior gastric artery [young men]
direct = medial [old men]
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9
Q

surgery for emergency colon perforation etc

A

Hartmann’s

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10
Q

surgery for low/upper rectum

A

anterior resection

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11
Q

surgery for sigmoid colon

A

high anterior resection

left hemi-colectomy

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12
Q

surgery for distal transverse and descending colon

A

left hemi-colectomy

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13
Q

surgery for caecal or ascending colon

A

right hemi-colectomy

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14
Q

surgery for severe perianal fistulae

A

protectomy

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15
Q

how long does COCP have to be stopped for prior to surgery

A

4 weeks

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16
Q

surgery for emergency presentation of poorly controlled colitis that fails to respond

A

sub total colectomy

17
Q

what is most common cause of HCC in europe

A

Hep C

18
Q

what lung cancer is most associated with smoking

A

squamous cell carcinoma

19
Q

1st line Ix for PSC

A

MRCP [non invasive]

20
Q

Tx of acute cholecystitis

A

IV antibiotics [IV cefuroxime] + Early Lap Cholecystectomy

21
Q

how can you broadly differentiate between biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, acute cholangitis

A

biliary colic = RUQ after meals, comes and gos

cholecystitis = systemically unwell, constant pain, no jaundice

cholangitis = jaundice, fever, RUQ pain