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flashcard 2016-2017 > gen EXAM > Flashcards

gen EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

Inability to correct thymine dimers caused by the sun’s rays

A

xoderma pigmentosa

recessive

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2
Q

lacking the enzyme to digest milk sugar

A

galactosemia

recessive

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3
Q

About 1 in every 500 black people develops this condition

A

sickle cell

recessive

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4
Q

This conditionis caused by a block in the biochemical pathway leading to the production of melanin

A

albinism

recessive

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5
Q

Nearly 1 out of every 25 American Jews carries the gene which causes this condition; caused by a buildup of lipids in the brain

A

tay-sachs

RECESSIVE

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6
Q

Newborn babies can be screened for this condition by testing for the presence of high amounts of phenylalanine in the blood

A

pku

recessive

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7
Q

This condition results in the accumulation of abnormally high amounts of mucus in the lungs and pancreas

A

cystic fibrosis

recessive

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8
Q

Affected individuals produce abnormal hemoglobin

A

sickle cell

recessive

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9
Q

Affected individuals produce little hemoglobin; homozygous recessives die within the womb

A

thalassemia

recessive

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10
Q

Some characteristics of this disorder include extra long fingers, weak connective tissue and sometimes heart defects

A

marfans

dominant

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11
Q

This condition is commonly known as “dwarfism”

A

achondroplasia

dominant

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12
Q

This disorder is characterized by a gradual deterioration of the nervous system

A

huntingtons disease

DOMINANT

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13
Q

Victims of this condition accumulate unusually high amounts of lipids in their blood and may sometimes suffer heart attacks before the age of 10.

A

familial hypercholestorolemia

DOMINANT

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14
Q

The “Elephant Man” Disease; mutation causes tumors to grow along nerves

A

neurofibromatosis

dominant

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15
Q

what kind of affect is hemophilia… What is it on.

A

hemophilia SEX LINKED X recessive

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16
Q

Phenotypic ratio of dihybrid cross

A

9 3 3 1

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17
Q

Phenotypic ratio of monohybrid cross

A

3 1

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18
Q

Genotypic ratio of monohybrid cross

A

1 2 1

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19
Q

Genotypic ratio of dihybrid cross

A

1 2 1 2 4 2 1 2 1

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20
Q

The idea that chromosomes are not affected by other chromosomes in meiosis is called

A

The Law of Independent Assortment

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21
Q

A study of a trait in a large number of families showed that 50% of the boys and none of the girls exhibited this trait. The gene for this trait is most likely

A

sex linked

22
Q

The genotypes of XY would normally be found in a(n)

A

zygote

23
Q

Male pseudohermaphroditism describes a

A

female exterior, male interior and male chromosome constitution

24
Q

If a gene is carried by both the X and Y chromosome, the mode of inheritance would be

A

pseudoautosomal

parts on both, act as autosomal

25
Q

t or f…Genes on the Y chromosome are responsible for testis differentiation.

A

true

26
Q

on specific x or y for males and females,, guy hormones or female hormones

A

sex limited

beard and milk

27
Q

autosomal,, and is affected by hormones. needs specific hormones to make it

A

sex influenced
baldness

XX Xx xx

28
Q

t or f….Most human females are chromosomal mosaics.

A

true

29
Q

The presence of a Y chromosome in early embryogenesis causes

A

the indifferent gonad to become a testis

30
Q

The underlying cause of pseudohermaphroditism is

A

a lack or receptors in cells to recognize male hormones

31
Q

XX SRY+

A

phenotypic male

32
Q

XY SRY-

A

phenotypic female

33
Q

gene in humans that determines gender

A

SRY

34
Q

gene that inactivates or coils autosomal chromatin

A

MIX

35
Q

gene that inactivates or coils the X into a Barr body

A

XIST

36
Q

area on Y chromosome that does not recombine

A

NRY

37
Q

Fragile X Syndrome is caused by

A

an X chromosome deletion

38
Q

The ratio of males to females __________ over a lifetime.

A

decreases

39
Q

Heterochromatin (or lack of) is responsible for

A

Turner’s Syndrome symptoms

40
Q

For the first 49 days after conception, embryonic sexual tissue/structures are ambiguous. The same tissue that has the ability to become the testes, can become the ovaries. This tissues is said to be

A

a bipotential gonad

41
Q

A true hermaphrodite results from

A

fusion of fraternal twin embryos

42
Q

In mice, the gonadal tissue of a female was removed before differentiation. This mouse will develop

A

mullerian system

43
Q

In mice, the gonadal tissue of a male was removed before differentiation. This mouse will develop

A

mullerian

44
Q

In mice, the gonadal tissue of a male was removed before differentiation. This mouse was injected with testosterone. It was expected that the mouse would develop the Wolffian System only, however the Mullerian System also developed. The presence of the Mullerian System occurred because

A

there was no Mullerian Inhibiting Hormone secreted by the testes

45
Q

In mice, the gonadal tissue of a male was removed from the left side before differentiation. On the left side, both the Mullerian and Wolffian Systems developed, while on the right side, only the Wolffian System developed. This indicates that

A

testosterone is secreted via the blood, while MIH is secreted directly into surrounding tissue

46
Q

If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, then

A

the proportionof all genotypes will remain constant

47
Q

The Hardy-Winberg principle applies only to populations that

A

are not acted on by agents of change

48
Q

Mendel’s theories were successful because the pea plant genes he looked at were

A

all on different chromosomes

49
Q

The Hardy–Weinberg states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will ______________from generation to generation in the absence of other outside influences

A

remain constant

50
Q

What is condition of colorblind

A

X recessive

51
Q

Holandric traits are

A

carried only by males and transmitted only to males

52
Q

Beard growth in humans is an example of a _____ trait

A

sex limited

flashcard 2016-2017 (26 decks)

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