Gastrointestinal system Flashcards
1
Q
Structure of the Stomach-
A
- Recieves masticated food in the form of a bolus from the oesophagus - Chyme
- Left hand side around T7-L3 level
- 4 Main functions - storage , mechanical breakdown , absorption of chemical bonds in food material through acids and enzyme action
- Product of intrinsic factor
- Made uo of 4 regions - Cardia , fundus , body and Plylorus ( Pyloric canal and antrum)
2
Q
Structure of the Small intestine-
A
- Chemical digestion is completed and products of digestion are absorbed
- relies on the livers production of bilr and pancreas’s production of anzymes
- 6m in length
- Made up of 3 sections
- Duodenum - L1-L4
- Jejunum - 90% of absoprtion
3
Q
Structure of the large intestine-
A
- Begins at the end of ileum
- Frames small intestine
- 1.5 metres in lenght up to 7.5cm wide in parts
- Main functions - Reabsorption of water and paction of feces, absoprtion of vitamins released by bacterial action , storage of feces prior to defection
- 3 Parts - Cecum , colon and rectum
4
Q
Structure of the liver-
A
- Largest visceral organ , weighing about 1.5kg
- Upper right hand portion of abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm and stretcges to the top of the stomach , right kidney and intestines
- Made up of 4 lobes - Right left caudate and quadrate
- Secretes bile into the duodenum via the common bile duct
- 3 general functions - Metabolic regulation , haematological regulation and bile production
5
Q
Disorders-
A
- Gallstones - Trapped - Cholecystitis
- Chrohns disease
- Ulcerative colitis- Inflammation of colon and rectum
- Diverticulitis - Small bulges or pockets
- Cancer
- Ulcers - Gastric or Duodemal
- Gastroenteritis
