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VEEB > Gastrointestinal Sys(Pharm) > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Sys(Pharm) Flashcards

1
Q

Cimetidine

A

Generic name: Cimetidine

Trade name: Tagamet

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2
Q

Famotidine

A

Generic Name: Famotidine

Trade name: Pepcid

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3
Q

Prochlorperazine

A

Generic Name: Prochlorperazine

Trade Name: Compazine

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4
Q

Hydroxyzine

A

Generic Name: Hydroxyzine

Trade Name: Atarax-Vistaril

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5
Q

Meclizine

A

Generic Name: Meclizine

Trade Name: Antivert

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6
Q

Metoclopramide

A

Generic Name: Metoclopramide

Trade Name: Reglan

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7
Q

Psyllium

A

Generic Name: Psyllium

Trade Name: Metamucil

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8
Q

Bisacodyl

A

Generic Name: Bisacodyl

Trade Name: Dulcolax

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9
Q

Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Generic Name: Magnesium Hydroxide

Trade Name: MOM

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10
Q

Docusate Sodium

A

Generic Name: Docusate Sodium

Trade Name: Colace

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11
Q

Diphenoxylate HCl

A

Generic Name: Diphenoxylate HCl

Trade Name: Lomotil

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12
Q

Loperadmide HCL

A

Generic Name: Loperadmide HCL

Trade Name: Imodium

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13
Q

Lactulose

A

Generic Name: Lactulose

Trade Name: Cephulac

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14
Q

Sucralfate

A

Generic Name: Sucralfate

Trade Name: Carafate

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15
Q

Omeprazole

A

Generic Name: Omeprazole

Trade Name: Prilosec

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16
Q

Ondansetron HCL

A

Generic Name: Ondansetron HCL

Trade Name: Zofran

17
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

A

Generic Name: Magnesium Sulfate

Trade Name: Epsom Salt

18
Q

Antacids(Action)

ANTI_ULCER

A

neutralize and decrease acidity

19
Q

Antacids(Indication)

ANTI-ULCER

A
  • Hyperacidity
  • Heartburn and Acid Indigestion
  • Sour Stomach
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GERD)
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease(PUD)
  • Zollinger Ellison Syndrome=peptic ulcer with hyper secretion/hyperacidity due to tumor
  • Hyperphophatemia related to renal failure=elevated levels of phosphorus=Amophjel)
  • Calcium deficiency=Tums
  • Magnesium deficiency=MOM
20
Q

Goal of Antacid therapy:

A
  • reduce pain
  • maintain ph btw 3 and 4
  • acute ill goal to have ph level at 7
21
Q

Side Effect and preparation

ANTI-ULCER

A

Magnesium
-given for alcohol pt
SE: diarrhea/toxicity

Aluminum

  • given for hyperphosphate in renal patient
  • SE: common=constipation, toxicity resemble Alzeihmers: forgetful

Calcium

  • given for hypocalcemia in post menopausal pt
  • SE: common=bloating, hypercalcemia, rebound activity

Sodium Bicarb
-SE: alkalosis rebound acidity, common: systemic alkalosis

-all can cause electrolyte imbalance and systemic alkalosis

22
Q

Antacid

ANTIULCER

A

Dose

  • liquid(suspension), shake for 15-30ml, do not follow with water
  • solid=tablet, chew thoroughly=follow with full glass of water
  • frequency=acute: q1hr while awake, long term: 1-2hrs PC(after meals) and HS(hour of sleep)
  • therapy will contine 4-6 weeks after symptoms no longer exist
  • give antacids 1before 2hrs after any medication

Nursing implication

  • antacids work for about 3hrs
  • change stool whitish color
  • Blood electrolyte monitoring
  • drug can cause alkolosis/electrolyte imbalance
  • can be used in renal patients to treat hyperphosphate

Drug
-Magnesium Hydroxide(MOM)

23
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(Action)

ANTIULCER

A
  • block h2 receptor site on parietal cells decreasing the volume and pH of gastric acid
  • work day and night
  • effect volume and ph level
24
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(Indication)

ANTIULCER

A
  • short term: 4-8weeks
  • hypersecretory states
  • PUD
  • GERD
  • Zollinger Ellison
25
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(DRUG)

ANTIULCER

A

-H2 blockers taken with food

Cimetidine(Tagamet)

  • 300mg q6hrs
  • long term qhs=400-800mg

Famotidine(Pepcid)
-po/im/iv=20-40mg QD

Nizatidine
-only on empty stomach

26
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(SIDE EFFECTS)

ANTIULCER

A
  • common with cimetidine(tagament)=drowsiness
  • cns stimulation, depression
  • cns- dizziness, headache, disorientation, hallucination, depression
  • cardiac- decrease hr, decrease bp, cardiac arrhythmia=more common w/ iv route
  • Hema- decrease bone marrow=severe adv=monitor infection/cbc/bleeding
  • MS-skin rash,muscle pain
  • GI-Diarrhea
  • Men-decrease sperm count,impotence,not drug of choice for male, gynecomastia
27
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(Interaction)

ANTIULCER

A
  • cigarette smoke=reverse effect of h2 blocker
  • CNS depressants=increase drowsiness
  • Antiarrhythmics=drop bp/hr=i/v
  • Methyl-Xanthines=bronchodilator=can cause theophyline toxicity(n/v) with cimetidine(tagament)
  • warfarin
  • dilantin
  • tricyclic antidepressants
28
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(CONTRAINDICATION)

ANTIULCER

A
  • children under 16
  • lactating women
  • chronic liver disease
  • chronic kidney disease
  • can alter results of allergy test=stop for 4 days effect allergy testing
  • can alter results gastric acid testing
  • monitor mental status= in older age
  • h2 prevent secretion of HCL effect volume and acidity
29
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(Nursing Implication)

ANTIULCER

A
  • give with food except for Nizatidine
  • IV fusion= slow= concern about bp/hr/cardiac
  • IM forms=deep IM=large muscle =pepcid/xantac
  • promoting absorption= 1hr b4 = 2hr after
  • CNS depression= tagament caused drowsiness common= driving/operate heavy machinery=once a day dose=given at hr of sleep
30
Q

Antisecretory(H2 receptor Antagonist)(Nursing Implication)

ANTIULCER

A
  • bowel plan
  • assess for mood changes=commonly seen with 2-3 days of treatment
  • examine for bleeding daily
  • foods to avoid=avoid foods that irritate gi- caffeinated/spicy foods/alcohol
  • resolution gynecomastia=restores over time,stop use
  • smoking reverse the effects
  • monitor stool/vomit from gi tract, resp tract
  • gi bleed=hyperacidity conditions

VEEB (25 decks)

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