Gait Flashcards
Distance of gait cycle
Stride length
Begins with heel strike of 1 foot and ends with toe off of the same foot
Stance phase
Begins with 1 foot on the ground and ends with the same foot touches the ground
Swing phase
Occurs between heel off and toe off of one limb and between heel strike and foot flat on the opposite limb
Double support
Time during which neither foot is in contact with the ground. Running
Non-support
When only 1 foot is in contact with the ground. 40% of gait cycle
Single support
Distance between heel strike of one limb and the heel strike of the other limb
Step length
Heel of one extremity touches the floor and the same foot touches the floor again
Gait cycle
Number of steps taken per minute
cadence
slow walking
70 steps/min
fast walking
130 steps/min
5 components of stance phase (traditional)
- heel strike HS
- foot flat FF
- midstance MS
- heel off HO
- toe off TO
5 components of stance phase (Ranchos Los Amigos)
- initial contact
- loading response
- midstance
- terminal stance
- pre-swing
3 components of swing phase (traditional)
- acceleration
- mid-swing
- deceleration
3 components of swing phase (Ranchos Los Amigos)
- initial swing
- mid-swing
- terminal swing
Highest at midstance and lowest at heel strike. Normal-2in
vertical displacement
Greatest during single support phase at midstance
horizontal displacement
average width of walking base
2-4in
5 categories of abnormal gait
- muscular weakness
- jt ROM limitations
- Neurological
- pain
- leg length
No neurological control of dorsiflexors
foot drop
poor eccentric control of dorsiflexors
foot slap
Gait lacking cerebellar involvement. Balance disruption, staggers
ataxic gait
Early heel rise, knee lifted higher, toes land firsts
Triceps Surae (Gastroc and Soleus) contracture
Therapist position during ambulation
behind pt and on affected side. one hand on gait belt and one hand on shoulder for control
