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Basic Skills > First Aid/wound care > Flashcards

First Aid/wound care Flashcards

1
Q

Vital signs are the measurements of

A 
– Temperature
– Heart rate
– Respiration rate
– Blood pressure
– Pain
- O2 saturation
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2
Q

What is the resting heart rate for an adult

A

60 - 100 bpm

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3
Q

What is normal respiratory rate for an adult

A

12-18 bpm

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4
Q

Pressure generated during ventricular contraction

A

Systolic pressure (top)

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5
Q

Pressure in the arteries during cardiac relaxation

A

Diastolic pressure (bottom)

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6
Q

What is the excepted normal range for body temperature in an adult

A

96.8 to 99.3 F

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7
Q

What are the guidelines for maintaining a sterile field

A

– Do not talk, sneeze or reach across field

  • do not turn back on field
  • 1” boarder around field
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8
Q

What are the 3 stages of wound healing

A
  • inflammatory stage
  • proliferative stage
  • remodeling stage
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9
Q

What are the 3 dressing layers

A
  • contact layer
  • intermediate layer
  • outer layer
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10
Q

Supine position of comfort

A
  • pillow under head
  • pillow under knees
  • pillow under heels
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11
Q

Prone position of comfort

A
  • pillow under head
  • pillow under abdomen or heels
  • rolled towel under shoulder
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12
Q

Side-laying position of comfort

A
  • pillow under head
  • pillow between legs
  • pillow at chest to hold
  • LE flexed at knees and hips
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13
Q

Absence of micro organisms that produce disease. Prevention of infection by maintaining a sterile condition

A

Asepsis

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14
Q

What is considered normal blood pressure?

A

120/80 mmHg

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15
Q

What is considered hypertensive BP?

A

140/90 mmHg or resting diastolic consistently over 90 mmHg

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16
Q

What is considered severe hypertension?

A

180/110 mmHg or greater

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17
Q

What is considered hypotension?

A

Systolic consistently under 100 mmHg

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18
Q

Hand washing procedures

A
  • apply soap and friction
  • wash for 30 sec
  • rinse downward
  • use paper towel to turn off faucet
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19
Q

Protects health care professionals and pts. Gloves and protective equipment used

A

Universal precautions

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20
Q

Assumes that every direct contact with pt’s body fluids is potentially infectious

A

Standard precautions

21
Q

Tools for standard precautions (6)

A
  • gloves
  • protective clothing
  • eye protection
  • face shield
  • mask
  • mouthpiece during CPR
22
Q

2 methods for standard precautions

A
  • avoid hand contact with your mucous membranes

- handle and dispose of all linen appropriately

23
Q

Transmission based precautions. 3 types of isolation precautions

A
  • contact precautions
  • droplet precautions
  • airborne precautions
24
Q

May be used to designate a pt whose condition causes a high risk of becoming infected through contact with another person

A

Protective isolation

25
Q

When should vital signs be retaken

A

Abnormal findings

26
Q

2-3 weeks post injury. Build up of good cells

A

Proliferative phase

27
Q

Extrinsic factors affecting healing

A
  • pressure
  • maceration (wet) skin
  • infection
  • shearing
28
Q

intrinsic factors affecting wound healing

A
  • pt health
  • body composition
  • nutrition
  • hydration
29
Q

Ends approx 1 year post injury. At 6 weeks, scar is 50% normal strength

A

Remodeling phase

30
Q
  • surgical incision

- clean laceration

A

Tidy wound

31
Q
  • crush
  • avulsion
  • abrasion
A

Untidy wound

32
Q
  • excision
  • burn
  • ulcer
A

Wound with tissue loss

33
Q
  • thick coagulated crust

- thermal or chemical cauterization of skin

A

Eschar

34
Q
  • fluid that has exuded out of a tissue

- happens because of injury or inflammation

A

Exudate

35
Q

Containing or consisting of pus

A

Purulent

36
Q

Discharge composed of/ containing blood

A

Serosanguineous

37
Q

What is involved in wound evaluation

A
  • tissue condition
  • appearance of wound
  • odor
38
Q

Redness that does not blanch, skin intact

A

Stage 1 wound

39
Q

Partial thickness. Some upper dermis (moist and pink)

A

Stage 2 wound

40
Q

Full thickness. Full dermis, granulation

A

Stage 3 wound

41
Q

Full thickness. Destruction of deep tissue. Bone, tendon, mm visible

A

Stage 4 wound

42
Q

Used on burns as a topical antibiotic

A

Silvadene

43
Q

Enzymatic debrief for decaying proteins

A

Travase

44
Q
  • can see wound
  • provides wet environment
  • wound protection
A

Tegaderm

45
Q

Thick covering for protection

A

Duoderm

46
Q

Used to stop venous bleeding in small area

A

Silver Nitrate

47
Q

Temporary covering until grafting can be done

A

Pig skin

48
Q

Dissolves blood clots. Not used often

A

Hydrogen peroxide

49
Q

Medical emergencies (7)

A
  • breathing problems
  • chest pain/heart attack
  • fainting
  • autonomic hyperreflexia
  • diabetes and low blood sugar
  • stroke
  • seizure

Basic Skills (11 decks)

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