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Neuro Test 3 > GA: Visual Tracts > Flashcards

GA: Visual Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

What is a visual field?

A

The area a person is able to see when both eyes are fixed in one postion

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2
Q

What is the retinal field?

A

Location on the retina that an object in the visual field is projected.

Focused + centered on fovea centralis + macula lutea

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3
Q

What zones make up the visual field?

A

Binocular zone (both eyes - central) + Monocular zone (R/L eye only)

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4
Q

How is the retinal field subdivided?

*image is inverted on retina

A

Nasal + temporal retinal hemifields –> further divided into quadrants

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5
Q

For example: the left half of the visual field forms an image of ___________.

A

The nasal (right) half of the left retina

The temporal (right) half of the right retina

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6
Q

How do we describe visual deficits?

A

Based on the visual field

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7
Q

What comprises the optic tract?

A

Nasal retina (contralateral eye)

Temporal retina (ipsilateral eye)

*they cross in optic chiasim*

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8
Q

What do you need for depth perception?

A

Information from both retinas brought together

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9
Q

How is the eye/optic tract organized?

A

In a retinotopic pattern

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10
Q

Where does the optic tract terminate?

A

Lateral geniculate nucleus

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11
Q

The magnocellular (M) layer =

A

input from rods + large receptive fields

sensitive to moving stimuli

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12
Q

The parvocellular layer =

A

cones

small receptive field

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13
Q

Ganglion cell axons that arise in the temporal retina:

terminate in _______ layers and are __________.

A

layers 2,3,5

IPSILATERAL

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14
Q

Axons that arise in the nasal retina terminate in ________ layers and are ___________.

A

1,4,6

CONTRALATERAL

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15
Q

The same point in visual space can be represented multiple times, why?

A

Cause the optic tract branches in multiple layers (6)

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16
Q

Where does the geniculocalcarine pathway run (optic radiations)?

A

LGN –> Calcarine sulcus (primary visual cortex)

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17
Q

Fibers from the lower quadrant of the contralateral hemifields (optic radiations) target _______.

A

Superior bank on cuneus

18
Q

Fibers from the upper quadrant of the contralateral hemifields (optic radiations) target _______.

A

Inferior bank on lingual gyrus

19
Q

Fibers that pass through Meyer loop come from where?

A

Upper quadrant of the contralateral hemifields (optic radiations)

20
Q

Fibers conveying information from the macula + fovea go to?

A

Caudal portions of the visual cortex

21
Q

Retinogeniculocalcarine pathway

A
22
Q

Because of Meyes loop, what can temporal lobe damage produce?

A

Sometimes a superior visual field deficit

23
Q

Objects in either half (L or R) of the visual field produce images upon the nasal hemiretina of the ips. eye + the temporal hemiretina of the cont. eye.

This is an example of?

A

Retinotopic Organization

24
Q

Where does the visual pathway end?

A

Brodmann’s area 17 (primary visual cortex/striate cortex)

25
Q

Areas 18,19, plus parts of the temporal + parietal lobes =

A

Visual Association cortex (parieto-occipito-temporal area)

26
Q

name these areas:

A
27
Q

What is the superior colliculus important for?

A

Directing eye movements

28
Q

What is the pretectal area important for?

A

Pupillary light reflex

29
Q

Review pupillary constriction reflex

A
30
Q

What is hemianopia?

A

Blindness in 1/2 of visual field

31
Q

What is quadrantanopia?

A

Blindness in one quadrant of the visual field

32
Q

What is homonymous visual fields?

A

Conditions in visual field losses are similar in both eyes

33
Q

What is heteronymous visual fields?

A

Conditions in which the two eyes have non-overlapping field losses (don’t match)

34
Q

What is macular sparing?

A

Visual field loss that preserves vision in the center of the visual field

35
Q

An anterior lesion in the optic tract is more likely to be?

A

Incongruous (non symmetrical in both eyes)

36
Q

A lesion close to the visual cortex makes it likely to be?

A

Congruous (symmetrical in both eyes)

37
Q

Damage anterior to the optic chiasm affects:

A

Ipsilateral eye

38
Q

Damage @ the optic chiasm causes?

A

Heteronymous deficits

39
Q

Damage behind the optic chiasm causes:

A

Homonymous deficits

40
Q

What is associative visual agnosia?

A

Patient cannot name or describe an object in the visual field, BUT he can recognize + demonstrate its use

Neuro Test 3 (18 decks)

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