G543 - Turning To Crime: Cognition - Kohlberg

Question 0

How many participants did Kohlberg use in his initial 1981 study?

Answer 0

58 boys

Question 1

What was the aim?

Answer 1

To find evidence in support of a progression through stages of development

Question 2

What ages were the participants?

Answer 2

7, 10, 13 and 16

Question 3

Where were the participants from?

Answer 3

Chicago

Question 4

What background were the participants from?

Answer 4

Working & middle class

Question 5

What was each boy given during the study?

Answer 5

A 2-hour interview with 10 dilemmas that they had to solve

Question 6

What happened to some boys after the study?

Answer 6

They were followed up at 3-yearly intervals up to age 30-36

Question 7

Where did Kohlberg extend his study to?

Answer 7

The UK, Mexico, Taiwan, Turkey and Yucatan

Question 8

What stages did younger boys tend to perform at?

Answer 8

Stages 1 and 2

Question 9

What stages did older boys tend to perform at?

Answer 9

Stages 3 and 4

Question 10

What does the fact that younger boys performed at lower stages than older boys support?

Answer 10

Development through stages

Question 11

What were the patterns found in this study consistent with?

Answer 11

Cross cultural studies

Question 12

What results found by Thornton and Reid’s study in 1982 suggest that Kohlberg’s theory can be applied to different types of criminality?

Answer 12

Criminals committing crime for financial gain show more immature reasoning than those committing violent crimes.