G543 - Alternatives To Imprisonment - Eberhardt Flashcards
What type of experiment was used?
Lab experiment
What database dis researchers analyse? Between what years?
Database of death penalty cases in Philadelphia, USA between 1979 and 1999
In how many cases had a black man murdered a white victim?
44
Who were their photographs shown to?
Naive raters
What were the naive raters asked to do?
Use the facial features of the men in the photographs to give them a rating of stereotypicality of 1-11, 11 being stereotypical
How many raters were there? Where were they from?
51 from Stanford university
How much time did the raters get to look at each photograph?
4 seconds
What did researchers also analyse?
The influence of a variety of other factors on sentencing decisions
Of all the variables, what was the most significant?
The most stereotypically black defendants were 57.5% more likely to receive the death sentence than the less stereotypically black at 24.4%
What was there in a second study? What did the same analysis produce? What does this suggest?
A black defendant and a black victim. Same analysis produced no significant effect which suggests that a black victim in some way is seen as less important than a white victim
What did Eberhardt conclude jurors see the race of the defendant as? What could explain this?
A blameworthy factor in a trial. Black physical traits are associated with criminality, and this appears to influence decisions
When does the ‘blameworthy effect’ only seem to occur?
When the victim is white rather than black
What did they aim to investigate?
Whether there was support for the hypothesis that black offenders with stereotypically black features are more likely to get the death sentence than white offenders
