Fungi

Question 1

What are the four types of fungi

Answer 1

Parasitic
Saprophytic
Edible
Non edible

Question 2

What is parasitic fungi

Answer 2

Fungi that makes their food from living things

They feed of plants eg potato blight and cause diseases eg athletes foot in human and mildews in plants

Question 3

What are saprophytic fungi

Answer 3

They take their food from dead sources eg dead plants and animals and cause decay. Eg mushroom

Question 4

What are edible fungi

Answer 4

Eg mushrooms which are safe to eat

Question 5

What are poisonous fungi

Answer 5

Eg death cap which can kill you. They are hard to distinguish between other mushrooms

Question 6

What is rhizopus

Answer 6

Bread mould is a fungus that grows on bread and other starchy food. It’s heterotrophic

Question 7

What is the function of the hypha in rhizopus

Answer 7

A tube that absorbs the digested material

Question 8

Function of mycelium in rhizopus

Answer 8

A mass of hyphae joint together

Question 9

Function of stolon on rhizopus

Answer 9

It’s a hypha that grows over the surface of food allowing new mycelium to develop
Runners

Question 10

Rhizoids function on rhizopus

Answer 10

Create a larger surface area for the absorption of food

Question 11

Sporangiophore function in rhizopus

Answer 11

Supports sporangium and allows spore to be more widely dispersed for reproduction

Question 12

Asexual reproduction in fungi

Answer 12

Carried out my stolons and spores dispersed by air

Question 13

Sexual reproduction in fungi

Answer 13

Spellings develop on hyphae
Nuclei move into each swelling
Wall forms behind nuclei
Swelling touch and fertilisation occurs - gametangia
Tough wall forms around zygospore
grows into sporangium

Question 14

What is yeast

Answer 14

An unicellular fungus which respires anaerobically

Question 15

How does yeast reproduce

Answer 15

Asexually. It’s called budding

Nucleus divides by mitosis. The daughter nuclei breaks off from parent cell and forms new cell

Question 16

What does sterile mean?

Answer 16

The absence of living things

Question 17

How do we sterilise equipment

Answer 17

Heat to 120 degrees Celsius for 15 mins in pressure cooker

Using a flame

Soak in sterilising fluid eg Milton

Question 18

What’s asepsis

Answer 18

Precautions taken to prevent unwanted micro organisms from contaminating the activity

Question 19

Aseptic techniques

Answer 19

Wash hands
Wash bench with disinfectant
Keep containers closed

Question 20

Beneficial vs harmful fungi

Answer 20

Beneficial:
Yeast to make beer
Edible fungi

Harmful;
Cause decay in crops, food and wood
Can cause disease in plants and animals

Question 21

What are obligate parasites

Answer 21

Live on live hosts but do not normally kill them

Question 22

Facultative parasites

Answer 22

Kills the host and feed on remains

Question 23

What are symbiotic fungi

Answer 23

Fungi that grow relationships with other organisms. Both benefit from the growth of the bacteria

Question 24

Function of rhizoids

Answer 24

Absorption

Question 25

Stolon function

Answer 25

Aerial hyphae that allow reproduction

Question 26

How does yeast reproduce

Answer 26

Budding

Question 27

Beneficial fungi

Answer 27

Used in production of Bread, alcohols

Source of food eg mushroom s

Question 28

Negative fungi

Answer 28

Attack crops
Attack animals eg ringworm
Spoil food eg rhizopus, bread mould

Question 29

Give 2 structural differences between fungi and plants

Answer 29

Fungi do not contain chloroplasts but plants do

Fungi do not have a cell wall but plants do

Question 30

Name one economically harmful member of the fungi kingdom

Answer 30

Rhizopus

Question 31

Name one economically beneficial member of the fungi kingdom

Answer 31

Penicillium