Asexual Production In Flowering Plants (propagation) Flashcards
What is propagation
Asexual reproduction producing offspring that are genetically identical
Examples of modified stems for vegetative propagation
Runners eg strawberries
Horizontal to the surface, sends up new shoots
Examples of modified roots for vegetative propagation
Root tuber
Swollen fibrous roots
The tuber stores food and new plant develops from a side bud at the base of the old stem eg dahlia
Examples of modified leaves for vegetative propagation
Plantlets
Produce along edges of leaves.
Once they reach a certain size they fall off and grow into new plants.
Eg lily
Examples of modified buds for vegetative propagation
Bulbs
A bulb contains an underground stem reduced in size
Leaves are swollen and store food
Eg onion
Advantages to seed propagation
Variation in species
More resistant to disease as not exactly genetically copied
Dispersal reduced competition
Seeds can remain dominant and survive unfavourable conditions
What are the disadvantages to seed propagation
Complex process
Depends on an outside factor for seed dispersal eg wind
Slow growth
Wasteful, produces fruits, pollen
Disadvantages of vegetative propagation
No variation in species
All plants are the same genetically and susceptible to disease
Overcrowing and competition
No dormancy
Advantages of vegetative propagation
Simple process
No outside factors needed
Rapid growth
No waste
Artificial vegetative propagation examples
Cuttings Grafting Layering Micropropagation Cloning
What is micropropagation
The growth of plants from small pieces of tissue under sterile conditions using a specially selected medium
What is grafting
The joining and uniting of part of one plant to a second plant eg rose without thorned stem
