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USMLE > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Pseudo hyphae

A

Candida

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1
Q

Dimorphism

A

Histoplasma, blastomycosis, coccidioides, sporothrix

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2
Q

Moa of Imidazoles

A

Inhibit ergosterol synth

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3
Q

Moa of polyene

A

Bind ergosterol

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4
Q

Fungal color on koh

A

Dematiaceous-olive brown

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5
Q

Fungal color on pas

A

Hot pink

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6
Q

Fungal color on silver stain

A

Old rose gray to black

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7
Q

Fungal color on calicofluor white

A

Bright blue white on black

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8
Q

Fungal color on India ink

A

Colorless cells with clear halos from capsule on black background

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9
Q

Fungal culture agar

A

Saboraud

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10
Q

Test for crypto in serum/csf

A

Latex particle agglutination of capsular polysaccharide

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11
Q

Spaghetti and meatballs yeast clusters with short curved septate hyphae

A

Malasezzia furfur

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12
Q

Malasezzia causes fungemia in what group

A

Premies on iv lipids

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13
Q

3genera of dermatophytes

A

Trichophyton, microsporum, epidermophyton

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14
Q

Most serious tinea capitis

A

Favus- permanent hair loss, contagious

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15
Q

Dx microsporum

A

Woods lamp - fluoresces

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16
Q

Koh mount of dermatophytes

A

Arthroconidia and hyphae

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17
Q

Tx of dermatophytes

A

Topical Imidazoles or tolnaftate

If skim hurts or hair involvement then oral Imidazoles or griseofulvin

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18
Q

Hyphae with rosettes and sleeves of conidia

A

Sporothrix env form

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19
Q

Cigar shaped yeast

A

Sporothrix in tissue

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20
Q

Tx of sporotrichoxis

A

Potassium iodide in milk or itraconazole

21
Q

Who gets pulmonary sporotrichosis

A

Urban alcoholics

22
Q

Why are blood culture useful for Histoplasma

A

Bc circulates in res cell- monocytes/ macrophage

23
Q

Inhibitory mold agar

A

Saboraud with antibiotics

24
Q

Small intracellular yeast with narrow neck on bud

A

Histo

25
Q

Spelunking

A

Histo

26
Q

Bird or bat feces

A

Histo

27
Q

Calcified lesion on healing

A

Histo

28
Q

What increases relapse potential for histo

A

T cell suppression

29
Q

Spherules with endospores

A

Coccidiomycosis

30
Q

At what point in pregnancy does coccidioides disseminate

A

3 trimester

31
Q

What are good prognostic signs in coccidioides

A

Erythema nodosum and arthritis

32
Q

Rotting wood such as beaver dams

A

Blasto

33
Q

Broad base budding yeasts with double refractive cell walk

A

Blasto

34
Q

Which dimorphism is least likely to resolve on its own

A

Blasto

35
Q

Acute angles

A

Aspergillosis

36
Q

Where in lung does abpa grow

A

In mucous plugs not in tissue

37
Q

Tx of aspergillosis

A

Itraconazole or ampho b

38
Q

Germ tubes at 37 degrees

A

Candida

39
Q

Tx disseminated candida

A

Ampho or fluconazole

40
Q

Monomorphic

A

Crypto

41
Q

Pigeon droppings

A

Crypto

42
Q

Dominant aids meningitis

A

Crypto

43
Q

Tx of crypto

A

Ampho plus 5fc then fluconazole

44
Q

Ketoacidotic diabetic

A

Mucor

45
Q

Silver stained cysts in tissue

A

Pcp

46
Q

Foamy honeycomb appearance on h and e

A

Pcp

47
Q

Pcp mechanism

A

Kills type 1 pneumocytes –>proliferation of type ii–>alveolar damage and serum leak into alveoli leading to foamy exudate

48
Q

Patchy ground glass infiltrate on cxr

A

Pcp

49
Q

Tx pcp

A

Bactrim

USMLE (11 decks)

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