Fungi

Question 1

characteristics of fungi

Answer 1

Eukaryotic
closely related to animals
some are unicellular,others multicellular
diverse kingdom

Question 2

Fungal nutrition

Answer 2

Secrete enzymes to break down materials and use as energy
Decomposers
absorbs food through the cell wall
Parasites

Question 3

Fungal morphology

Answer 3

most fungi multicellular-network of filaments
Hyphae
hyphal filaments grow at the tip
aerial hypha is above surface
conidia are spores-resistant to temp
disperse fungus
through wind,water, or animals

Question 4

unicellular fungi

Answer 4

single cells
yeasts-don’t split from parent not equal copies or size
unequal division-unique nucleus

Question 5

Cell wall

Answer 5

Chitin-thick,tough wall structure
Ester-linked fatty acids-easy to break due to small proteins
mostly polysaccharides

Question 6

cell structure

Answer 6

Linear DNA
budding-unicellular, not equal, die without parent cell
multinucleate-multiple cells growing together

Question 7

Reproduction

Answer 7

Sexually and asexually
sexual spores carried wherever-need two
fusions of haploid cells to get diploid.
Asexual-hyphal filaments,simple cell division,spores-regular

Question 8

Fungal phylogeny

Answer 8

Basidomycota
Ascomycota
Glomeromycota
Zygomycota
Chytridiomycota
mircospordia

Question 9

Ascomycota-Ashley

Answer 9

Largest diverse group
single-celled, multicellular, aquatic,terrestrial
two haploid nuclei fuse-diploid nucleus
produce conidia at tips-conidiospores
symbiotes-Lichens, truffles,morels
saprophytes-cup fungi
pathogens-yeasts, powdery mildew,white-nose fungus, Aspergillus,Blastomyces,Histoplasma

Question 10

Basidiomycota-Bought

Answer 10

Only multicellular
upside down umbrella shape-hyphae
sexual reproduction-Basidiospores produced on basidium
Haploid spores-forming multi nuclei dikaryotic cells
saprophytes-recognized mushrooms-some edible,poisonous, puffballs,bracket, jelly
pathogens-rusts and smuts-plants

Question 11

Glomermycota-gas

Answer 11

important in mycorrhizal associations-80%
helped early plants on land
asexually-spores from roots of plants underground,multinuclaete
helps in droughts-natural approach plant fertilization
blastospores

Question 12

Zygomycota-Zooming

Answer 12

known for its role in food spoilage-bad and moldy food
both reproduce sexual and asexual-zygospores fuse to nuclei-zoosporangium
most species are harmless spores that land on bread or moist walls
pathogens-inhalation-infection of lungs,asthma-like symptoms,can be fatal

Question 13

Chytridiomycota-can

Answer 13

structure of the fruiting body
freshwater and moist soil-single+multicellular-colonies
spores are flagellated+motile-mobile spores-asexual +sexual
both free living+ parasites:Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis-frogs Chytridiomycosis-infects epidermal layers-osmotic imbalance-dehydrated frogs

Question 14

microsporidia-math

Answer 14

unicellular parasites
small genomes-can’t live without a host, lack mitochondria +golgi complex
diseases common in immunocompromised
spores exist outside the cell,polar tube penetrates host cytoplasmic injects sporplasm into the host