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fungi Flashcards

1
Q

fungi habitat

A

widely distributed

environment

human

animal

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2
Q

two ways of classifying fungi

A

phenotypic

phylogenetic

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3
Q

two names under phenotypic classification

A

anamorph name

teleomorph name

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4
Q

whats the anamorph name

A

on the basis of morph of asexual form

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5
Q

whats the teleomorph name

A

the name on the basis of the sxual form

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6
Q

whats a mitosporic fungi

A

one that has no known sexual form

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7
Q

five phyla of the phylogenetic classification

A

microspora

ascomycota

basidiomycota

blastocladiomycota

glomeromycota

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8
Q

sexual reproduction

A

zygospora

ascospora

basidiospora

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9
Q

two main types of spores of asexual spore formation

A

conidia

sporangiospores

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10
Q

what are conidia

A

asexual spore formation on conidiophores

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11
Q

what are sporangiospores

A

asexual spore formation within a sporangium

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12
Q

different styles of asexual spore formation

A

arthroconidia

blastoconidia

chlamydoconidia

macroconidia

microconidia

phialoconidia

sporangiospores

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13
Q

are fungi uni or multicellular

A

they can be either

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14
Q

fungi cell wall features

A
  1. cell wall
  2. septa
  3. cytoplasma membrane
  4. nuclear membrane
  5. nucleus
  6. nucleolus
  7. ribosomes
  8. endoplasmic reticulum
  9. mitochondria
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15
Q

what would you find in the cell wall

A

chitin, hemicellulose, mucopolysacharide, protein, lipid

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16
Q

where do you usually find septa

A

in hyphae

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17
Q

three morphological forms of fungi

A

moulds

yeasts

dimorphic

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18
Q

what are moulds

A

grow as branching filaments called hyphae

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19
Q

yeasts what are they

A

oval cells

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20
Q

dimorphic fungi what are they

A

they occur in both forms, moulds and yeats

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21
Q

dimorphic fungi are which type at environmental temp

A

mould

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22
Q

dimorphic fungi are which type in the body

A

yeasts

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23
Q

colony types

A

moulds - mycelium

yeasts - colony

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24
Q

staining for fungi

A

simple

Gr+

PAS - in tissue section

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25
what do we do to hair or skin scrappings of fungi
clear the specimen with KOH
26
what type of agar do we culture fungi on
sabourad agar
27
the pH of sabourad agar
5.5
28
how can we culture dimorphic fungi in the yeast phase
blood agar
29
what pH is needed to culture fungi
5-7 except dermatophytes pH 7
30
selective culture of fungi
penicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, cycloheximide
31
incubation time for yeast, aspergillus app and zygomycetes
1-4days
32
incubation temp for yeats, aspergillus ssp, zygomycetes
37
33
dermatophytes incubation temp
25
34
dermatophytes incubation time
2-4weeks
35
dimorphic fungi mould phase incubation temp
25
36
dimorphic fungi yeast phase fungi
37
37
dimorphic fungi incubation time
1-4weeks
38
do fungi photosynthesise
no
39
fungi biochemistry
* active metabolism * extracellular enzymes * biochemical examinations * mycotoxin production * production of antibiotics
40
fungi antigens, are they complex
yes
41
fungi resistance
good
42
how long can fungi surivive in dry enviro
years
43
can fungi tolerate high osmotic pressure
yes
44
can fungi tolerate low pH
yes
45
identification
* morphology * biochemical features * serologicla examinations * MALDI-TOF * on the basis of genotype * sexual or asexual spore formation
46
pathogenicity
saprophytes - environmental fungi
47
faculative pathogens two types of diseases
mycosis mycotoxicosis
48
whats mycosis
tissue invasion of the fungal species
49
mycotoxicosis what is it
ingestion of fungal toxins which have been preformed in stored food or standing crops
50
three types of mycosis
superficial subcutaneous mycosis systemic mycosis
51
two types of superficial mycosis
dermatomycosis dermatophytosis
52
species with dermatomycosis
candida spp, malassezia pachydermatis
53
species with dermatophytosis
microsporium spp, trichophyton spp invasion and destruction of keratinised structures
54
cause for systemic mycosis
prolonged AB therapy, immunosuppression
55
induction of hypersensitivity
rare - associated with chronic pulomonary disease in cattle or horses
56
yeasts
candida cryptococcus malassezia
57
candida species
c albicans c guillermondii c tropicalis, c krusei
58
c albicans disease
human, poultry, calf, piglet - commensals on mucus membranes
59
c guillermondii species
cattle genital mucus membrane
60
cryptococcus species
c neoformans
61
c neoformans featues
large mucopolysaccharide capsule produced, mucoid colonies, infection derived form the environment
62
cryptococcus disease
mastitis cattle, goat localised granuloma formation systemic mycosis in cats, dogs, horses, cattle
63
malassezia species
m pachydermatis
64
m pachydermatis features
bottle shaped cells, commensals on the skin
65
malassezia disease in dogs and cats
dermatitis, external otitis
66
the three types of agar an ear sample should be isolated on
* blood agar * macconkey * sabourad
67
which genera are dermatophytes members of
ascomycota
68
dermatophytes have an affinity to which type of structures
keratinised
69
dermatophytes are slow growing fungi, what kind of media is needed
sabourad and yeast extract
70
can dermatophytes tolerate cycloheximide in media
yes
71
are the mycelium of dermatophytes often pigmented
yes
72
zoophilic group of dermatophytes comprises what
obligate pathogens
73
name for dermatophytes cuased circular lesions
ringworm
74
dermatophytes two genera
trichophytum microsporum

Bacto (19 decks)

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