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POM > Fundamentals of organisng > Flashcards

Fundamentals of organisng Flashcards

1
Q

What are the steps in controlling

A

monitoring performance
comparing it with goals
taking corrective actions

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2
Q

What is organisational control

A

systematic process
regulate org. activities
consistent with expectations established in
plans, targets, standards of performance

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3
Q

Why is control needed

A

adapting to change and uncertainty
detecting irregularities and errors
reducing costs, increasing productivity, adding value
identifying opportunities
dealing with complexities
decentralising decision-making, facilitating teamwork

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4
Q

Why is there uncertainty?

A

org. goals are future oriented

set on basis on present knowledge

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5
Q

How is uncertainty overcomed with controlling systems?

A

can monitor changes in environment

react quickly

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6
Q

Why is detecting irregularities and errors early important

A

save large amount of resources

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7
Q

What are some irregularities?

A

product defects
cost overrun
staff turnover
customer complaints

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8
Q

What kind of costs do control systems reduce?

A

labour

wastage

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9
Q

In what aspects are there increased productivity

A

increased product delivery cycles

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10
Q

What are some opportunities?

A

competitive prices on materials
population trends
overseas markets

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11
Q

How does controlling help to identify opportunities?

A

alert managers

bring to notice

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12
Q

How do controls deal with complexities?

A

keep track of major elements

enhance co-ordination

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13
Q

What levels of control are there?

A

strategic
tactical
operational

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14
Q

What does strategic control involve?

A

monitoring critical environment
assess effects of strategic plan
implementation of strategic plans

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15
Q

Who takes care of strategic control? WHy/

A

top management

organisation-wide persepctive

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16
Q

What is the time frame for strategic control

A

long-term

quarterly - anually

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17
Q

What is tactical control

A

implementation of tactical plans
monitor periodic results
taking corrective actions
monitor specific internal and external forces

18
Q

Who is concerned with tactical control

A

middle manageres

19
Q

What is the time frame for tactical control

A

middle term

weekly or monthly

20
Q

What is operational control

A

oversee implementation of operating plans
monitor results
take corrective actions

21
Q

What is the timeframe for operational control

A

short term
daily
hourly
weekly

22
Q

What are the scopes/areas of control

A

physical resource
human resource
information resource
financial resource

23
Q

What is physical resource control?

A

control over tangible products
buildings
equipment

24
Q

What is human resource control

A

regulate employee performance

behaviour

25
Q

What is involved in information resource control

A

production schedules
sales and marketing forecasting
analyses competition, environment

26
Q

What is financial resource

A

control of money and budget

27
Q

What are the types of control methods

A

feedforward
concurrent
feedback

28
Q

The types of control methods vary in

A

timing

29
Q

What is feedforward control

A

future-oriented

take place before work is performed

30
Q

What is the aim of feedforward control

A

prevent anticipated problems

control quality and quantity of resources

31
Q

What is concurrent control

A

present oriented

take place while work is performed

32
Q

What is concurrent control aiming for?

A

monitor on-going activities

consistent with established standards

33
Q

What is feedback

A

past oriented

measures taken after work

34
Q

What is intended in feedback

A

correct problems

35
Q

What are the styles of implementing controls?

A

bureaucratic

decentralised

36
Q

What are the mechanisms of bureaucratic control

A

rules and procedures
hierarchy of authority
management control systems
technology

37
Q

What are the elements in decentralised control

A

corporate culture
peer group control
self control
technology

38
Q

What is the controlling process

A

establish performance standards
measure performance
compare performance against standards
take corrective action

39
Q

What is the purpose of standards?

A

employees understand what is expected
detect deficiencies
reduce negative effects

40
Q

What does the manager have to decide on in measuring performance

A

how often
means
measure

POM (16 decks)

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