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LFB Policy Notes & FRU (2020) > FRU Course - Animal Rescue 2 > Flashcards

FRU Course - Animal Rescue 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 1st ‘Golden Rule’ of animal rescue?

A

Never release an animal until you have somewhere for it to go

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2
Q

What legislative instrument covers animal rescue activities?

A

Animal Rescue Act 2005, LFB will aim to move an animal from a place of Danger to a place of Safety as humanely as possible

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3
Q

How long are the longest rescue strops?

A

9 metres

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4
Q

If an animal has a ‘Round Hoof’ will it raise its front legs or back legs first?

A

Front First - round hoof

Back First - cloven hood

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5
Q

What does ‘putting a smile on the line’ mean?

A

Not pulling the line to the head restraint tight, soft hands

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6
Q

What is the first action in any Large Animal Rescue?

A

Fitting a head restraint

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7
Q

What is the most common type of injury caused by Equine handling?

A

Crush injuries, some breeds of Horse weigh over 1000 kg, even a pony can weigh over 500 kg

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8
Q

When holding a line during a rescue what must you never do?

A

Wrap it around your hand

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9
Q

Prior to a large animal rescue what may be used to assist the animal to self rescue?

A

Food (a bucket of pebbles)

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10
Q

Why is the lower leg a particularly vulnerable part of a horse?

A

It has no muscle and the skin is thin making them susceptible to puncture wounds and degloving

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11
Q

What does BEVA stand for?

A

British Equine Vet Association

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12
Q

There are 3 golden rules of Equine rescue. ‘Never release an animal until it has somewhere to go to’ is one what are the other 2?

A

‘A head restraint (head collar or emergency halter) must be put on prior to rescue’ and ‘Rescuers must have a safe egress route’

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13
Q

When a horse is on its side where should the work be carried out?

A

Spineside

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14
Q

How much faster is a horses reactions than a humans?

A

7

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15
Q

What piece of PPE is of paramount importance at a large animal rescue?

A

Helmet, to be worn by all in the risk area

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16
Q

When skidding a horse what must the IC try to ensure?

A

That the ground is soft and will not damage the side of the horse

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17
Q

Where is a horses only blind spot?

A

A small area ruffly covering the tail

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18
Q

IC’s may come under intense pressure to ‘Do Something’. When an animal is thrashing around what must be done before a rescue attempt is made?

A

The animal must be sedated

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19
Q

When used by an Equine vet what does the phrase ‘Not Viable’ mean?

A

That the Horses injuries are such that it will be destroyed even if it is rescued

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20
Q

Approximately how many horses are believed to be stabled within the confines of the M25: 7000, 70,000 or 700,000?

A

70,000

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21
Q

There are 3 ways that an IC should seek to get an Equine vet on scene, what are they?

A

1) The owner arranges for a Vet to attend.
2) The RSPCA attend and arrange a Vet
3) Control contacts BEVA who arrange the attendance of a Vet.
Note that owners may be reluctant due to the cost but it is their responsibility.

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22
Q

Why might a horses ears be sensitive, particularly in warm weather?

A

Ear mites

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23
Q

Can you brake a horses tail?

A

Yes, great care should be taken to avoid damaging it as it is the end of its spine

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24
Q

If a horse is sedated will it stand or fall?

A

A horse will stand but it’s head will drop. A cloven hoofed animal such as a cow will drop (a horse will still drop if it is anaesthetised)

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25
Q

If a Vet states that an animal is ‘Coming Light’ what do they mean?

A

The sedative is wearing off

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26
Q

On what side of a Horse will a handler normally be?

A

The LEFT and all work should be carried out on the same side as the handler.

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27
Q

Are a horses hind (rear) hoofs round or oval in shape?

A

Oval, the front hoofs are round

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28
Q

What length is the ‘strop guide’?

A

1.8 meters

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29
Q

What does a RED bandage or bow tied to the tail of a horse indicate?

A

That it is a ‘Kicker’ BEWARE!

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30
Q

When handling rescue tools, what principle should be adopted and why?

A

Keep the tools ‘Airborne’, on the ground they are trip hazard or may be lost

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31
Q

Which 2 types of Head Restraint do LFB use on horses?

A

‘Head Collar’ and ‘Emergency Rope Halter’

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32
Q

Horses are measured in hands. How many inches are there in a hand?

A

4

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33
Q

How do you spell ‘Diareea’?

A

Diarrhoea

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34
Q

What is the quick release mechanism LFB use called?

A

The ‘Spreader Bar’

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35
Q

What are Zoonoses?

A

Diseases that animals can pass to humans

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36
Q

There are 2 danger zones when effecting a horse rescue that force personnel to work spine-side, what are they?

A

‘The Kicking Zone’ and ‘The Head Butt Zone’

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37
Q

What is an ‘IV’ injection?

A

An ‘Intravenous Injection’. IV is a very effective way of administering sedation to a Horse and is made in the Jugular Groove on the horses neck.

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38
Q

Why should ‘Chemical’ and ‘Physical’ restraints not be used together?

A

Physical restraint produces adrenaline which counteracts the effect of chemical restraints

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39
Q

How do you spell Anasthesia?

A

Anaesthesia

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40
Q

What is the difference between ‘Sedation’ and ‘Anaesthesia’?

A

Sedation - Lights down

Anaesthesia - Lights our

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41
Q

When an animal has been sedated what 2 questions need to be asked of the vet by the IC?

A

How long before the drugs will take effect? (lead in time) and
How long should the sedation last?

42
Q

When selecting a firefighter to apply the head restraint and take control of the animal what should the IC consider?

A

Picking a member of the crew that is confident with animals

43
Q

A horses ‘Binocular’ (using two eyes) field of vision is 60-70 Degrees. What is it’s ‘Monocular’ (using one eye) field of vision?

A

215 Degrees

44
Q

How should you always approach a horse?

A

From the side, you can be seen but you aren’t in the way if it bolts

45
Q

What might the handler consider using to help calm a horse?

A

Food, grass or hay is preferable to solid food as it will not create a choking hazard

46
Q

A horse is a ‘Prey’ animal and it’s hearing is particularly sensitive which is why the rescue scene must be kept quiet. What might be used by the Vet to help with this once it is sedated?

A

Cotton Wool can be placed in its ears

47
Q

How can a Vet help you to identify a horses owner?

A

All horses SHOULD have a microchip

48
Q

When establishing cordons what should not be used?

A

Tape, it flaps and may spook the animal

49
Q

Managing people at a large animal rescue can be incredibly difficult. The owner in particular may view the animal as a child, what tactic can an IC use to help the situation?

A

Give the owner a job to do.
Examples:
‘Could you ring your vet?’
‘Whats his favourite food, can you get some for me?’
‘Do you now a farmer with a tele lifter?’
‘Can you move the other horses too… ?’

50
Q

What 4 indicators are common to many Zoonoses?

A

1) Flu like symptoms
2) Diarrhoea
3) Skin lesions
4) Miscarriages (anzoonotic abortion)

51
Q

What is ‘Euthanasia’?

A

Destroying the horse

52
Q

Once a head restraint has been applied what should be done to the attached line and how should it be held?

A

Two overhand knots put in it (to stop you touching the clip and to stop it being pulled from your hand). In a two handed bicycle grip with a smile in the line.

53
Q

What does a blue bow or bandage tied around a horse tail denote?

A

That it is a Stallion

54
Q

Large Animal Rescues follow a ‘clean line’ (no knot) protocol. Which technique is the exception?

A

The Forward Skid: a ‘larks foot’ (choker) is used with the rescue strop

55
Q

When hauling on a double line all personnel must understand which side is to be released on completion and they should also be what?

A

All standing on the same side of the line.

56
Q

What is the correct name for the ‘Down a Cow’?

A

Medical suspension harness

57
Q

Which techniques are preferable Skidding or Lifting?

A

Skidding, lifting causes a great deal more physical and psychological stress to the animal

58
Q

What is the ‘Tripping Bar’ and where would you find it?

A

It is the RED locking mechanism on the spreader bar

59
Q

What does IM stand for?

A

Intramuscular Injection, normally applied to a horses hind quarters (rear). Much slower acting, may have a ‘lead in time’ of 45 minutes or more

60
Q

What does a WHITE bow or bandage tied to a horses tail denote?

A

That the horse is for sale

61
Q

What is a ‘Gelding’?

A

A male horse that has been castrated

62
Q

There are four ‘Skid’ techniques in large animal rescue, what are they?

A

1) Forward Skid (Assist)
2) Side Skid
3) Rear Skid
4) Barrel Skid (lift/steep bank)

63
Q

There are 2 reasons that we may roll a horse, what are they?

A

1) To stimulate it to rise (full roll)

2) To allow the vet to assess the unseen side of the animal (half roll)

64
Q

When an animal is in a body of water what must the IC ensure?

A

That persons/personnel do not enter the water with the animal

65
Q

When lifting a horse what is the maximum time that it should be suspended?

A

3 minutes

66
Q

When an animal is ‘Dorsal Recumbent’ what position is it in?

A

On its back

67
Q

What is the only situation in which an IC may consider ‘Hobbling’ (tying its ankles together) a horse and why?

A

Where a person is trapped beneath it. Not generally accepted practice as it involves entering the ‘kick zone’ and dragging the horse by its legs is very likely to damage it.

68
Q

What is our number 1 priority at any animal rescue?

A

HUMAN life risk

69
Q

What is the safest way for a vet to administer sedation?

A

By ‘remote injection’, becoming more common

70
Q

Which EXPERTS have primacy at a large animal rescue; The Owner, The Approved Equine Vet, The Land Owner or the RSPCA when in attendance?

A

None. The IC is responsible for the safety of the scene. Note - when surveyed 83% of people admitted that they risk their lives for an animal. There is often incredible pressure placed on IC’s to act.

71
Q

The 2 pins in the spreader bar will both point towards the head of the animal in what circumstances?

A

When the spreader bar (quick release mechanism) is used in conjunction with the medical suspension harness

72
Q

When carrying out a rescue from a trailer the lead/lunge line is secured outside the trailer, but to what?

A

The ‘Jockey Wheel’

73
Q

What is the signal to a driver to ‘Tele out’ (extend the boom)?

A

👍 Thumbs out, hands moving away from each other

74
Q

During a large animal rescue should activity be simultaneous?

A

NO one task at a time, gentle, quiet and spine side.

75
Q

Horses may be referred to as being ‘Hot blooded’ ‘Warm blooded’ or ‘Cold blooded’. What is this describing?

A

Their temperament

76
Q

What is an animals ‘flight Zone’?

A

It’s personal space, once you cross into its flight zone it will move away, a sheep dog stays on the edge of the sheeps flight zone and enters it to make them move.

77
Q

What is the hand signal for a tele driver to raise the boom/lift?

A

☝️Raised arm, raised index finger circling (the speed of the circling indicates the speed of the lift)

78
Q

If an animal is tagged (cloven hoofed usually) how can the IC use this to identify the owner?

A

By using Control to contact ‘Trading Standards’ ‘Animal Health’ who use the number to track all livestock movements (24/7 and the number in the smaller font is herd number)

79
Q

What must an IC appoint at every large animal rescue?

A

A Safety Officer, brief to include kicking and butting zones

80
Q

What hand signal is used by the banksman to tell the tele driver to stop?

A

✊ Raised arm, clenched fist, palm front

81
Q

What is a TAR?

A

A Technical Advisor for Rescue

82
Q

When an animal is in a Pit what might the IC consider?

A

Digging a side out

83
Q

Righting a horse trailer before dealing with the animals can be done in a controlled fashion with 2 tirfor winches, long strops and shackles. What needs to be used underneath the strops and why?

A

Packing timbers to stop the strops from crushing the top and sides of the box.

84
Q

When a vet is administering drugs using needles what should the IC consider putting in place?

A

A container for sharps and someone to hold it. The drugs used are very powerful and highly corrosive

85
Q

What two verbal commands should a horse handler know?

A

‘Stand’ and ‘Walk on’

86
Q

What position is an animal in if it is laterally recumbent?

A

Lying on its side

87
Q

Most horse trailers have common features such as dividers, ramps, breast bars, breaching bars etc. Which feature should the IC utilise first?

A

The viewing panel

88
Q

When a large animal has fallen in to a swimming pool what can be used to encourage it to move to the shallow end?

A

A long line draped across the width of the pool and moved toward the correct end by 2 FF’s

89
Q

When a head restraint is used with cattle what must be done with the line?

A

It must be tied to something SOLID

90
Q

There are more than 80 non indigenous species of animals living wild in the UK. What is the complication in rescuing one?

A

They should not be released into the wild

91
Q

When a lift rescue is being carried where must personnel never stand?

A

Underneath the boom

92
Q

It is essential that an IC carries out a what before leaving the scene?

A

A formal handover

93
Q

What substance should be used to carry out an initial decontamination at scene and in what solution?

A

ANIGENE in a 1:50 solution (100ml to 5Ls of water) it is non corrosive
POMS V3048A

94
Q

How can a IC get assistance in transporting livestock and containers from scene?

A

Through Control by asking for a DEFRA Approved Haulier (normally PRP) they will charge the registered owner

95
Q

When using a tele lifter what should be placed in the cab with the operator?

A

A Radio

96
Q

When feeding ropes and lines though strops in contact with the animal what is it good practice to do?

A

Put a foot on the strop between the activity and the animal to prevent vibration stimulating a response

97
Q

A tele handler lifting a large animal should be careful to avoid what, once the animal is clear of the ground?

A

It’s feet touching the ground, aim for a minimum 6 inch clearance

98
Q

A large Animal Rescue scene is a HAZMAT scene, what should FF’a be encouraged to use?

A

Disinfectant Gel

POMS SV3048A

99
Q

Upon return to station what MUST be done with all of the equipment used?

A

Dip, Dunk and Dry using ANIGENE

100
Q

What do LFB mobilise to a Large Animal Incident?

A

1 x Pump with WM
1 x FRU HAZMAT
1 x FRU Boat
1 x TAR (Technical Advisor for Rescue)

LFB Policy Notes & FRU (2020) (33 decks)

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