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Medical Assistant > From NHA - NHA: Basic Pharmacology > Flashcards

From NHA - NHA: Basic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Analgesics

A

Relieve Pain
Acetametaphin, hydrocodone, codeine

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2
Q

Antacids / anti ulcer

A

GERD
Esmoprazole, famotidine, calcium carbonate

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3
Q

Antibiotics

A

Bacterial Infections
Amoxicillin, ciprofloxin, sulfamethoxazole

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4
Q

Anticholinergics

A

Smooth Muscle Spasm
Ipratropium, dicyclomine, hyoscyamine

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5
Q

Anticoagulants

A

delay blood clots
Warfarin, heparin

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6
Q

Anticonvulsants

A

seizure control prevention
Clonezepam, gabapentin

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7
Q

Antidipressants

A

Relieve depression
Doxepin, fluoxdtine, duloxetine

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8
Q

Antidiarrheals

A

Reduce Diarrhea
Bismuth, loperamide

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9
Q

Antiemetics

A

Reduce nausea vomiting

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10
Q

Antifungals

A

Fungal infections
Fluconazole, miconazole,

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11
Q

Antihypertension

A

lower BP
Metoprolol, valsartan, clonidine

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12
Q

Antihistimines

A

Relieve allergies
Dipenhhydramie, loratidine

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13
Q

Anti infammatories

A

Reduce inflammation
ibuprofen, naproxen

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14
Q

Antilpemics

A

lower cholesterol
Atorvastatin, cholestyramine

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15
Q

Antimigrane

A

Relieve migranes
Topiramate, rizatriptan

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16
Q

Anti osteoporosis

A

Improve bone density
calcitronin, alendronate

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17
Q

Antipsychotics

A

Psychosis
Quetiapine, haloperidol

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18
Q

Antipyretics

A

Reduce fever
Acetametaphin, aspirin, ibuprofen

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19
Q

Skeletal / muscle relaxants

A

Reduce / prevent muscle spasms
Cyclobenzaprine, methoscarbamol

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20
Q

Antitussives / expectorants

A

Control cough
Dextromethorphan, guaifenesen, codine

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21
Q

Antiviral

A

Viral infections
Acyclovir, interferon

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22
Q

Anxiolytics (anti anxiety)

A

Reduce anxiety
Clonezepam, diazepam, lorazepam

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23
Q

Brochodilators

A

relax airway muscles
albuterol, isoproterenol

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24
Q

CNS Stimulats

A

Reduce hyperactivity
methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine

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25
Contraception
prevent pregnancy medroxyprogesterone, wthinyl estradiol
26
Decongestants
Relieve nasal congestion pseudoephedrine, phenylphrine
27
Diuretics
Elimate excess fluid Furosemide, bumetanide
28
Laxatives, stool softeners
promote bowel movements Magnesium hydroxide
29
Oral hypoglemics
reduce blood glucose metformin, pioglitazone,
30
Sedatives - hypnotics
induce sleep Zolpidem temazepam, eszopiclone
31
Schedule 1 controlled substance
high potential for abuse, no approved medical use in US - ILLEGAL
32
Schedule 2 controlled substance
high potential for abuse, dangerous and can lead to dependence.
33
Schedule 3 controlled substances
Moderate to low potential for dependence. K
34
Schedule 4 controlled substance
low potential for abuse and dependence.
35
Schedule 5 controlled substancecs
contain Limited quantities of some narcotics for antitussive, antidiarrheal, analgesic.
36
Schedule 3,4,5 filled refilled
may not be filled more than 6 months after issue date and not more than 5 times in 6 months
37
Schedule 1 and 2 re: Refills
1 - drugs not in US 2- cannot include refills
38
Therapeutic Effect
Good effects prescribed for
39
Side effects
unintentional undesirable actions on body
40
Adverse effects
unintended harmful actions of meds
41
Indictations
problems for which provider prescribed med
42
Contraindications
symptoms or conditions that make treatment or med inadvisable
43
Precautions
problems that pose a less risk but require observation and monitoring
44
METRIC SYSTEM - weight
kg kilograms g grams mg miligrams mcg mmicrograms
45
Metric System - Volume
dL Deciliters L liters mL mililiters
46
Metric System - length
km kilometers m meters cm centimeters mm mililiters
47
household value - metric equivalent up to one cup
15 drops = 1mL 1 tsp = 5mL 1 tbsp = 15 mL 1 fluid ounce, 2 tbsp = 1 cup 1 cup = 240 ml
48
Household value - metric equivalent over 1 cup
1 pint = 480mL 1 quart = 960 mL 1 gallon = 3,30 mL 2.2 pounds - 1kg
49
Dosage by weight
2.2lb = 1kg 88 lbs = 40kg
50
Aerosoles
inhalation
51
caplets
oral
52
capsules
oral
53
creams
topical, vaginal, rectal
54
Drops
otic, opthalmic, nasal
55
dry power for inhalation
inhalation
56
elixirs
oral
57
Emulsions
oral
58
foams
vaginal
59
gels
topical, oral, rectal
60
injectable liquids
IV, IM, SUBQ, ID
61
liniments
Topical
62
lotionsq
topical
63
lozenges
oral
64
mist
inhalation, nasal
65
ointment
topical, opthalmic, otic, vaginal, rectal
66
Patches
topical
67
powders
topical
68
Powders for reconstituion
IV, IM, SUBQ, ID
69
Solid or fluid extracts
oral
70
solutions
topical, nasal, inhalation, sublingual
71
steam
inhalation
72
suppositiores
vaginal, rectal
73
suspensions
oral
74
syrups
oral
75
tablets
oral, buccal, sublinqual, vaginal
76
tinctures
oral, topical
77
medications - THREE CHECK
1. check med against prescription 2. check med and prescription when preparing dose 3. recheck med before restockig bottle
78
avoid errors in look and sound alike
no abbreviations use tall man (mixed case) to emphasize (ceffoTEtan) Change appearance of loo alike meds to alert staff store in sep areas Alter computer screes to avoid look alikes to be consecutive Create labels with indications for use
79
oral route
mouth, stomach, intestines
80
Intradermal - injectable liquid
skin of upper chest, forearms, upper back
81
Intramuscular - IM, injectable liquid
Deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal muscles
82
Subcutaeous - SQ, or Sub Q injectable liquid
upper arms, abbdomen, buttocks, upper outer thighs
83
topical - on the skin
gels, tinctures, solutions, ointments, lotions, creams, liniments, powders, patches, sprays
84
Vaginal / rectal - vagina, vulva, rectum, anus
suppositories, solutions, creams, ointments, gels, foams.
85
action of pharmokinetics that changes active forms of medication into harmless metabolites
metabolism
86
5 rights of medication administration
right patient right med right dose right time right route
87
right med
check three times *check when taking med container from cabinet *check when taking med from container to prepare to administer *check when putting back
88
right patient
two identifyers then verify with medical records
89
right dose
compare dose on prescription in medical record on providers order with the dosage on medications' label
90
Right time
confirm timing specifications such as empty stomach or after taking another med
91
right route
compare route on prescription to medical record and confirm route is appropriate patient and the formulation is right for that route.
92
right technique - intramuscular
angle of insertion of needle is 90 degrees
93
right technique - intradermal
angle of intradermal is 10-15 degrees
94
right technique - subcutaneous
Angle of injection - 45 degrees
95
right documentation
always document after if not before, includes date, time, quantity, med, strength, method and location of administration, lot number, manufacturer, exp date and patient outcome

Medical Assistant (17 decks)

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