BLOOD Flashcards
Blood characteristics liters & body weight
4-6 liters / adult
8% body weight
Blood Functions -3
Carries oxygen & nutrients
removes carbon dioxide and waste
Regulates body temp
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Only last 120 days in body
red blood cells produced where?
in red bone marrow
Erythropoietin
hormone that stimulates bone marrow cells to increase RBC
Red blood cells count
between 4 million and 6.5 million RBC/ML
Anemia
low red blood cell count
Polycythemia
increase in red blood cells - blood is thicker and more dense
Hematocrit
packed RBC volume
Hemoglobin
Carries oxygen to body
white blood cells
leucoytes
White blood cell count
5,000-10,000 WBC per mm3 milimeters squared
White blood cells protect against
infection
Type of WBC: Neutrophils
55% elevated in bacterial infections
Type of WBC: Eosinophils
3% elevated in asthma, allergic reactions & parasit infections
Type of WBC: Basophils
less than 1% - release histamine and heparin, promote inflammation
Lymphocytes
Makes antibodies
T CELLS
Fighter cells, body fighting pathogen
B CELLS
Memory cell trained in how to fight infections
Monocytes
largest, destroy germs (viruses, bacteria, fungi) and eliminate infected cells
Leukocytosis
high white blood cell count
Leukopenia
low white blood cell count
Platelets / Thrombocytes
needed for clotting
Normal count of platelets
130,000-360,000 / cubic ml of blood
Thrombocytosis
high platelet levels
Thrombocytopenia
low platelet levels
Hemostasis
control of bleeding, stopping flow of blood
Coagulation
Process of clotting
Thrombus
stationary clot
Embolus
traveling clot
Plasma
obtained blood in tube with anticoagulant - then centrifuge
Plasma characteristics
largest portion of blood
Light yellow when separated
Carries water and other nutrients
Used to remove waste from body
Serum
coagulated blood into a tube without an anticoagulant, allowing clotting and then centrifuging
A blood type
can receive A and O
B blood type
can receive B and O
AB blood type
Univeral RECIPIENT - can receive A, B, AB and O
O blood type
universal DONOR - can receive O
can give to anyone but only receive O
RH FACTOR
inherited protein found on surface of Red blood cells
IF blood has protein you’re RH POSITIVE
IF BLOOD LACKS PROTEIN you’re RH Negative
Transfused blood
Needs to match RH factor
RH FACTOR IS DETERMINED
for mother and child during pregnancy
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
mother developed antobodies to RH Antigen during pregnancy
Anemia
decreased RBC count
Leukemia
bone marrow produces large number of abnormal WBC
Sickle cell anemia
Genetic
RIght blood cells change to sickle shape and cant carry oxygen
Most common in African Americans
Polycythemia Vera
Disease of bone marrow that results in abnormally high RBC causes blood to thicken
Thalaassemia
Inherited anemia, defective hemoglobin chain causes small, pale and short lived RBC
Erythrocytes
Red Blood Cells
Erythropoietin
Hormone that stimulates called of bone marrow to increase production of RBC
Leukocytes
WBC
Leukocytosis
High WBC count
Leukopenia
low WBC count
Plasma
largest portion of blood
O blood type
universal donor
Anemia caused by
decreased RBC
Sickle cell anemia
genetic disorder, RBC change shape, cant carry oxygen
African Americans
Platelets
Thrombocytes
Thrombocytosis
high platelet levels
Thrombocytopenia
low platelet levels
Hemostatis
Stopping flow of blood
Coagulation
process of clotting
Thrombus
a stationery blood clot
Embolus
a traveling blood clot
Polycythemia vera
bone marrow disease that causes abnormally high number of blood cells
Thalassemia
inherited form of anemia, defective hemoglobin chain causes small, pale and short lived RBCs
