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Medical Assistant > BLOOD > Flashcards

BLOOD Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Blood characteristics liters & body weight

A

4-6 liters / adult
8% body weight

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2
Q

Blood Functions -3

A

Carries oxygen & nutrients
removes carbon dioxide and waste
Regulates body temp

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3
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells
Only last 120 days in body

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4
Q

red blood cells produced where?

A

in red bone marrow

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5
Q

Erythropoietin

A

hormone that stimulates bone marrow cells to increase RBC

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6
Q

Red blood cells count

A

between 4 million and 6.5 million RBC/ML

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7
Q

Anemia

A

low red blood cell count

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8
Q

Polycythemia

A

increase in red blood cells - blood is thicker and more dense

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9
Q

Hematocrit

A

packed RBC volume

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10
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Carries oxygen to body

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11
Q

white blood cells

A

leucoytes

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12
Q

White blood cell count

A

5,000-10,000 WBC per mm3 milimeters squared

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13
Q

White blood cells protect against

A

infection

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

Type of WBC: Neutrophils

A

55% elevated in bacterial infections

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16
Q

Type of WBC: Eosinophils

A

3% elevated in asthma, allergic reactions & parasit infections

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17
Q

Type of WBC: Basophils

A

less than 1% - release histamine and heparin, promote inflammation

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18
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Makes antibodies

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19
Q

T CELLS

A

Fighter cells, body fighting pathogen

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20
Q

B CELLS

A

Memory cell trained in how to fight infections

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21
Q

Monocytes

A

largest, destroy germs (viruses, bacteria, fungi) and eliminate infected cells

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22
Q

Leukocytosis

A

high white blood cell count

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23
Q

Leukopenia

A

low white blood cell count

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24
Q

Platelets / Thrombocytes

A

needed for clotting

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25
Q

Normal count of platelets

A

130,000-360,000 / cubic ml of blood

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26
Q

Thrombocytosis

A

high platelet levels

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27
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

low platelet levels

28
Q

Hemostasis

A

control of bleeding, stopping flow of blood

29
Q

Coagulation

A

Process of clotting

30
Q

Thrombus

A

stationary clot

31
Q

Embolus

A

traveling clot

32
Q

Plasma

A

obtained blood in tube with anticoagulant - then centrifuge

33
Q

Plasma characteristics

A

largest portion of blood
Light yellow when separated
Carries water and other nutrients
Used to remove waste from body

34
Q

Serum

A

coagulated blood into a tube without an anticoagulant, allowing clotting and then centrifuging

35
Q

A blood type

A

can receive A and O

36
Q

B blood type

A

can receive B and O

37
Q

AB blood type

A

Univeral RECIPIENT - can receive A, B, AB and O

38
Q

O blood type

A

universal DONOR - can receive O
can give to anyone but only receive O

39
Q

RH FACTOR

A

inherited protein found on surface of Red blood cells
IF blood has protein you’re RH POSITIVE
IF BLOOD LACKS PROTEIN you’re RH Negative

40
Q

Transfused blood

A

Needs to match RH factor

41
Q

RH FACTOR IS DETERMINED

A

for mother and child during pregnancy

42
Q

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

A

mother developed antobodies to RH Antigen during pregnancy

43
Q

Anemia

A

decreased RBC count

44
Q

Leukemia

A

bone marrow produces large number of abnormal WBC

45
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Genetic
RIght blood cells change to sickle shape and cant carry oxygen
Most common in African Americans

46
Q

Polycythemia Vera

A

Disease of bone marrow that results in abnormally high RBC causes blood to thicken

47
Q

Thalaassemia

A

Inherited anemia, defective hemoglobin chain causes small, pale and short lived RBC

48
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red Blood Cells

49
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Hormone that stimulates called of bone marrow to increase production of RBC

50
Q

Leukocytes

A

WBC

51
Q

Leukocytosis

A

High WBC count

52
Q

Leukopenia

A

low WBC count

53
Q

Plasma

A

largest portion of blood

54
Q

O blood type

A

universal donor

55
Q

Anemia caused by

A

decreased RBC

56
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

genetic disorder, RBC change shape, cant carry oxygen
African Americans

57
Q

Platelets

A

Thrombocytes

58
Q

Thrombocytosis

A

high platelet levels

59
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

low platelet levels

60
Q

Hemostatis

A

Stopping flow of blood

61
Q

Coagulation

A

process of clotting

62
Q

Thrombus

A

a stationery blood clot

63
Q

Embolus

A

a traveling blood clot

64
Q

Polycythemia vera

A

bone marrow disease that causes abnormally high number of blood cells

65
Q

Thalassemia

A

inherited form of anemia, defective hemoglobin chain causes small, pale and short lived RBCs

Medical Assistant (17 decks)

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