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Medical Assistant > BODY ORGANIZATION > Flashcards

BODY ORGANIZATION Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Cells

A

Basic Units of life

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2
Q

Cell membrane

A

Outer thin permeable layer - substances can pass thru

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3
Q

Cytoplasm

A

liquid containing cell structures

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4
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains chromosomes (DNA)

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5
Q

Organization from smallest to largest

A

**Cells: Smallest living unit in body
**Tissues: similar cells form together as tissues
**Organ: Two or more tissue types form organs
**Organ systems: Group of organs working together to complete tasks

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6
Q

CELL-TISSUE-ORGAN-ORGAN SYSTEMS

A

Organization

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7
Q

4 TYPES OF TISSUES

A

1) EPHITHELIAL (skin)
2) Nervous
3) Muscle
4) Connection (Blood is connective)

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8
Q

ORGAN SYSTEMS

A
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9
Q

Integumentary

A

Skin and accessory orgains (Hair)

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10
Q

Skeletal

A

Bones and joints

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11
Q

Muscular

A

Muscles and connecting structures

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12
Q

Lymphatic

A

Lymph nodes, spleen

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13
Q

Respiratory

A

Lungs and Airways

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14
Q

Digestive

A

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines

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15
Q

Nervous

A

Brain, spinal cord and nerves

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16
Q

Endocrine

A

Glands (secrete hormones)

17
Q

Cardiovascular

A

heart and blood vessels

18
Q

Urinary

A

Kidneys, bladder

19
Q

Reproductive

A

ovaries, uterus, vagina, testes, penis

20
Q
A
21
Q

Cells to tissues

A

Tissues to organs
organ to organ system

22
Q

DNA

A

molecule that carriers genetic instruction in all living things

23
Q

Gene

A

a portion of DNA tha determines body traits (dominant and recessive)

24
Q

Heredity

A

Transfer of genetic traits from parents to child

25
Q

Chromosomes

A

46 total
22 pairs + one pair of sex chromosomes = 46
xy - male
xx - female

26
Q

EPITHELIAL TISSUE 1 of 4

A

Protects against pathogens
secretes enzymes
absorbs nutrients
Covers body and most organs

27
Q

Nervous tissue 2 of 4

A

in brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
sends impulsses to nerve endings/ muscles and glands

28
Q

Muscle Tissue 3 of 4

A

Contracts and relaxes

29
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue

A

Attached to skeleton

30
Q

Striated muscle tissue

A

lines in between

31
Q

Voluntary muscle tissue

A

no striations, smooth is in walls of hollow organs, blood vessels and dermis of skin

32
Q

Involuntary muscle tissue

A

cardiac muscle located in wall of heart

33
Q

Connective tissue 4 of 4

A

Supports, protects and gives structure to other tissues and organs
stores FAT
repairs damaged tissue
moves nutrients between tissue and organs
Most abundant

34
Q

Blood composed of

A

RBC, WBC, platelets and plasma

Medical Assistant (17 decks)

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