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bones > fractures > Flashcards

fractures Flashcards

1
Q

apophyseal fracture

A

fracture where a small fragment is torn from the bone

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2
Q

articular fracture

A

fracture of the joint surface

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3
Q

avulsion fracture

A

indirect fracture caused by tearing or pulling of a ligament

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4
Q

blow-out fracture

A

fracture of orbital floor caused by traumatic force

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5
Q

boxer fracture

A

fracture of metacarpal neck, caused by striking something hard with a closed fist.

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6
Q

bucket-handle fracture

A

aka bucket-handle tear, tear in cartilage, leaving a loop of cartilage lying in the intercondylar notch

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7
Q

burst fracture

A

aka axial compression fracture, fracture of a vertebra, often injuring the spinal cord

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8
Q

butterfly fracture

A

a comminuted (broken bone into more than 2 fragments) fracture resulting in 2 fragments of bone on either side of a main ligament

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9
Q

chisel fracture

A

detachment of a piece from the head of the radius

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10
Q

cleavage fracture

A

shelling off of cartilage by a small fragment of bone

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11
Q

closed fracture

A

fracture that does not penetrate or produce an open wound in skin.

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12
Q

Colles’ fracture

A

fracture of lower end of radius, where fragment is displaced

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13
Q

comminuted fracture

A

when bone is splintered or crushed

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14
Q

complete fracture

A

where bone is entirely broken all the way across

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15
Q

complicated fracture

A

where there is injury to adjacent parts of the bone due to a fracture

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16
Q

buttonhole fracture

A

aka perforating fracture, results when a bone is perforated by a missile

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17
Q

compound fracture

A

an open fracture

18
Q

compression fracture

A

fracture as a result of compression

19
Q

condylar fracture

A

fracture of humerus where a small fragment that includes the condyle is separated from the bone

20
Q

dislocation fracture

A

fracture near a joint and results in displacement of the joint

21
Q

greenstick fracture

A

aka hickory stick fracture, a fracture where one side of bone is broken and the other side is bent

22
Q

hangman’s fracture

A

fracture thru axis (C2)

23
Q

impacted fracture

A

when one fragment of a fracture is driven into another

24
Q

indirect fracture

A

a fracture that occurs at a point distant from the injury

25
Q

insufficiency fracture

A

stress fracture that occurs when there is a normal amt of stress but the bone is of decreased density

26
Q

intra-articular fracture

A

fracture on the articular surface of a bone

27
Q

intracapsular fracture

A

fracture within the capsule of a joint

28
Q

intrauterine fracture

A

fracture of a fetal bone while in utero

29
Q

Le Fort fracture

A

fracture of the maxilla

30
Q

linear fracture

A

fracture extending along the length of a bone

31
Q

longitudinal fracture

A

a break extending in a longitudinal direction

32
Q

oblique fracture

A

fracture extending in an oblique direction

33
Q

open fracture

A

fracture that results in an open wound

34
Q

simple fracture

A

opposite of a compound fracture, basically a closed fracture

35
Q

spiral fracture

A

aka torsion fracture, where a bone is literally twisted apart

36
Q

spontaneous fracture

A

occurs as a result of longstanding disease, not traumatic

37
Q

stress fracture

A

caused as a result of repeated stress to a bone

38
Q

subcapital fracture

A

fracture of a bone just below its head

39
Q

torus fracture

A

fracture with localized expansion of the cortex, but little or no displacement of the lower end of the bone

40
Q

transverse fracture

A

fracture that occurs at a right angle to the axis of a bone

41
Q

tuft fracture

A

splintered fracture of the distal phalanx

bones (14 decks)

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