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RES Biweekly 3 > Fouty- V/Q Matching > Flashcards

Fouty- V/Q Matching Flashcards

1
Q

PiO2

A

150 mmHg

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2
Q

PH2O

A

47 mmHg

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3
Q

PAO2

A

100 mmHg

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4
Q

PACO2

A

40 mmHg

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5
Q

critical in determining O2 content and delivery

A

partial pressure of O2 in the alveolus

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6
Q

Alveolar gas equation: PAO2=

A

PAO2 = (Pb - PH2O) x FIO2 - PaCO2/R

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7
Q

LA PaO2

A

90 mmHg

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8
Q

normal A-a gradient

A

10-12mmHg

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9
Q

______ventilation is what is reacting with blood not minute ventilation

A

alveolar

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10
Q

normal V/Q ratio

A

1.0

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11
Q

goal: match ventilation w/

A

perfusion

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12
Q

hyperinflation
flat diaphragm

A

emphysema

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13
Q
A

emphysema

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14
Q

is ventilation normal or abnormal in emphysema

A

abnormal

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15
Q

ventilation normal or abnormal in asthma

A

abnormal

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16
Q

ventilation normal or abnormal in bronchiectasis

A

abnormal

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17
Q

ventilation normal or abnormal in bronchiolitis obliterans

A

abnormal

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18
Q
A

heart failure (pulmonary edema)

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19
Q

airspace disease is seen where and it impacts ventilation here

A

lingula (L heart border missing)

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20
Q
A

lobar pneumonia; impacts ventilation

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21
Q

pollution in the air can impair______ (causes bronchoconstriction)

A

ventilation

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22
Q
A

perfused but not ventilated

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23
Q

L and R

A

L: normal
R: severe asthma

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24
Q

what is affected by pulmonary embolism

A

perfusion

25
Q
A

pulmonary embolism

26
Q

shunt V/Q

A

0

27
Q

shunting allows for what

A

V/Q matching elsewhere

28
Q

low V/Q mismatch causes what

A

hypoxemia (perfused but not ventilated well)

29
Q

high V/Q mismatch

A

ventilated but not perfused

30
Q

___ and ____ contribute to arterial hypoxemia

A

shunt and low V/Q

31
Q

_____ causes dead space and represent wasted ventilation

A

high V/Q

32
Q

no air in alveolar space caused by what 2 main things

A

pneumonia and atelectasis

33
Q

anatomic dead space

A

conduction zone

34
Q

minute ventilation (VE)=

A

VA (alveolar ventilation) + VD (dead space)

35
Q

____ controlled by CO2 production and alveolar ventilation

A

CO2

36
Q

doesn’t cause hypoxemia, just increases work of breathing

A

dead space

37
Q

VD (dead space)=

A

anatomic dead space + alveolar dead space

38
Q

_____ of normal tidal volume at rest is dead space

A

1/3rd

39
Q

rapid shallow breathing causes what

A

dead space

40
Q

alveolar dead space due to pulmonary vascular disease, acute pulmonary embolus and decreased CO causes what

A

dead space

41
Q

ventilation in excess of perfusion due to + pressure ventilation and emphysema causes what

A

dead space

42
Q

causes what

A

dead space (due to pulm embolism)

43
Q

_____ can lead to pulmonary artery and arteriole dropout (rarefication)—dead space

A

PAH

44
Q

does NOT cause hypoxemia (due to no blood flow there)

A

high V/Q units

45
Q

example of this is bronchial obstruction (mucous plug) causing atelectasis

A

shunt

46
Q

best estimate of low V/Q mismatch

A

alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (A-a)

47
Q

how to get PaO2

A

ABG

48
Q

how to get PAO2

A

alveolar gas equation

49
Q

causes increased A-a gradient

A

low V/Q
shunt
(areas of perfused blood that is not getting oxygenated)

50
Q

PaO2< 80mmHg

A

hypoxemia

51
Q

5 main causes of hypoxemia

A

altitude
hypoventilation
diffusion
low V/Q mismatch
shunt

52
Q

hypoxemia with normal A-a gradient due to

A

altitude
hypoventilation

53
Q

hypoxemia with increased A-a gradient due to

A

diffusion
low V/Q mismatch
shunt

54
Q

in this the capillary O2 is the same as venous O2

A

shunt

55
Q

responds to low flow oxygen

A

low V/Q mismatch

56
Q

anytime you have PAO2 > 120 mmHg, means what

A

Hb completely saturated (can’t take on anymore)

57
Q

doesn’t respond to 100% oxygen

A

shunt

58
Q

asthma
chronic bronchitis
emphysema
ILD

A

low V/Q

59
Q

pneumonia
atelectasis
ARDS
CHD
anomalous venous return

A

shunt

RES Biweekly 3 (11 decks)

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