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PFLE Reviewer > Forest Utilization and Engineering > Flashcards

Forest Utilization and Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

Early days of logging is best characterized as wasteful but now a days the situation is reverse due to the following.

I. Wood waste goes to mill or factories for remanufacturing.
II. Use of more efficient equipments/machine in processing.
III. proper wood handling
IV. proper disposal of wood waste

A. I and II
B. I, II, and IV
C. II, III, and IV
D. I, II, and III

A

D. I, II and III

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2
Q

A study on the relationship between wood and moisture content, as well as wood and heat, electricity, sound and light.

A. wood physics
B. wood strength study
C. wood chemistry
D. wood mechanics

A

A. wood physics

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3
Q

_________ is a kind of fungi which does NOT attack the lignin component of wood cell and usually attacks green wood.

A. white rot fungi
B. brown rot fungi
C. soft rot fungi
D. mold fungi

A

D. mold fungi

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4
Q

Considerations to insure sustainable and more profit derive in the wood processing business.

I. secure source of raw materials by having a forest concession
II. adherence to market requirement
III. continuous process improvement
IV. play politics

A. I, II, and III
B. IV, III
C. I, IV
D. II, IV

A

A. I, II, and III

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5
Q

Determine the percentage of moisture content of a piece of wood with a green and oven dry weight of 150g and 80g respectively.

A. 76%
B. 10%
C. 25%
D. 60%

A

A. 76%

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6
Q

The force sometimes express pound square inch of pull required to break the interval bonding of a panel board is called _______.

A. breakeven point
B. tensile strength
C. modules of rapture
D. modules of elasticity

A

B. tensile strength

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7
Q

The distance that the stock being processed move during a given interval of time is _____.

A. complete cycle
B. peripheral cycle
C. feed rate
D. orthogonal cycle

A

C. feed rate

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8
Q

A wood with high specific gravity has some advantages such as:

I. heat generated is high
II. strength properties is high
III. absorptive capacity
IV. pulp yield is very low

Which of the above statements are considered advantages?

A. II, III
B. I, II
C. I, III, IV
D. II, IV

A

B. I, II

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9
Q

Naphthalene and cresylic acid are synthetic material which is best known as _____________.

A. acetate product
B. sulfonated acid
C. analgesic acid
D. antiseptic acid

A

D. antiseptic acid

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10
Q

The measure of the potential lumber content of a log or logs based on particular cuttings and size.

A. log scale
B. brereton scale
C. log run
D. mill run

A

A. log scale

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11
Q

Latex extracted from Canarium spp. Trees are called ________.

A. Manila elemi
B. Gutta percha
C. Manila copal
D. Balau

A

A. Manila elemi

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12
Q

Growth of destructive fungi in wood materials is dependent on the presence of _____.

A. moisture
B. low air circulation
C. high temperature
D. high relative humidity

A

A. moisture

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13
Q

________ is described as internal checking when drying stresses develop and exceed the strength of wood.

A. honey comb
B. case hardening
C. twisting
D. end checking

A

A. honey comb

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14
Q

Longitudinal or axial wood cells that function mainly for food storage is _______.

A. longitudinal cells
B. axial cells
C. parenchyma cells
D. wood rays

A

C. parenchyma cells

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15
Q

Jointing is an operation where random veneer are ________.

A. cut into standard size to minimize delay
B. cut to make the edge straight, clamped, and glued
C. cut automatically to full size and clipped defective parts
D. sliced to unite together by lapping the ends

A

B. cut to make the edge straight, clamped, and glued

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16
Q

As a wood utilization expert, what would you recommend to avoid shrinkage or decay of freshly sawn timber?

I. natural seasoning
II. artificial seasoning
III. chemical seasoning
IV. vacuum seasoning

A. I, IV
B. II, IV
C. II, III
D. I, II

A

D. I, II

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17
Q

Bristol board is a paper board use for drawing purposes and the manufacture of playing card is made of a mixture of _______.

A. short and long fiber pulp
B. sulfite and novelty pulp
C. sulfite and soda pulp
D. long and medium length pulp

A

A. short and long fiber pulp

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18
Q

In wood processing the anisotropic nature of wood affect _______.

A. chip formation
B. electrical properties
C. moisture content
D. dulling of knives

A

A. chip formation

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19
Q

What do you call the agent that cause damage to wood in brackish water?

A. ambrocia
B. dry wood termite
C. marine borer
D. subterranean termite

A

C. marine borer

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20
Q

Starved joint is one of the defects in bonding two or more pieces of wood material which resulted due to _______.

A. improper positioning of the piece of wood to be joined
B. excessive quantity of adhesive
C. uneven drying at adhesive
D. unproportion mixture of adhesive

A

B. excessive quantity of adhesive

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21
Q

Psychometer is an instrument use for measuring the amount of ________ in the atmosphere.

A. rain
B. water vapor
C. moisture
D. evaporation

A

B. water vapor

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22
Q

Increment borer is an instrument use to extract core for purposes of determining the ______ of a tree.

A. apical growth
B. lateral growth
C. age
D. diameter growth

A

C. age

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23
Q

A lumber with a volume of 1 board ft. has a dimension of _____.

A. 1”x1”x1ft
B. 12”x12”xx1ft
C. 12”x12”x12ft
D. 1”x12”x1ft

A

D. 1”x12”x1ft

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24
Q

What is that discipline that deals with the study of man at work, aimed at achieving man safety and efficiency?

A. ergonomics
B. technological safety
C. anthropology
D. operation research

A

A. ergonomics

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25
Q

Due to global warming problem the cutting of naturally grown timber is now banned, thus reducing the supply of lumber in the market. At present _____________ is a low cost substitute for lumber produced from timber.

A. plywood
B. coco lumber
C. steel
D. hollow block

A

B. coco lumber

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26
Q

A type of debarker applied to large, old growth logs with thick and heavy bark called _________.

A. ring the barker
B. cambiodebarker
C. spud
D. hydraulic debarker

A

C. spud

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27
Q

It is the light colored wood beneath the bark that is susceptible stain.

A. late wood
B. cambium layer
C. early wood
D. sap wood

A

D. sap wood

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28
Q

Thin places in the walls of the vessels that allow sap to pass from one cavity to another is the _______.

A. xylem
B. pits
C. wood ray
D. pores

A

B. pits

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29
Q

The first strength property of wood affected by decay is the _________ of the wood.

A. toughness
B. impact bending
C. modulus of elasticity
D. electrical conductivity

A

A. toughness

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30
Q

There are substances which are nor considered part of the basic wood structure but merely a deposit and is collectively termed as _________.

A. tannin
B. extractive
C. sap
D. hemicellulose

A

B. extractive

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31
Q

What machine is used in plywood manufacturing, which cuts the rotary half round and rift veneer?

A. Lathe
B. Rifter
C. Clipper
D. Slicer

A

A. Lathe

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32
Q

Which of the following drying factor is NOT important in the satisfactory operation of a kiln dryer?

A. heat
B. humidity
C. free water circulation
D. air circulation

A

C. free water circulation

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33
Q

The usual process of converting wood into charcoal is ________.

A. charring
B. condensable vapor process
C. carbonization
D. crude production

A

C. carbonization

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34
Q

Compression failure is one indication that there exist a ______ on end grain of wood.

A. parallel stress
B. lateral stress
C. tension
D. fiber breakage

A

D. fiber breakage

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35
Q

What particular measuring principle could you consider to ensure accuracy of measuring the volume of irregular shape of wood?

A. Dendrometer
B. Hypsometer
C. Xylometer
D. Calorimeter

A

C. Xylometer

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36
Q

Satisfaction of customer is one consideration for a product to be competitive, however, one aspect which the Department of Trade and Industries are not fully implementing when it comes to wood products is ______ because accordingly it is not among the criterian determining the criticalness of the product.

A. hardness of lumber
B. drying of lumber
C. pricing of lumber
D. grading and specification of lumber

A

D. grading and specification of lumber

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37
Q

What is the wood component that consists of cellulose and hemicellulose?

A. lignin
B. holocellulose
C. glucose
D. pseudo-cellulose

A

B. holocellulose

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38
Q

In sawmilling a set is provided to avoid friction during cutting.

A. oiling
B. clearance
C. inspection
D. benching

A

B. clearance

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39
Q

Softwood destructive distillation similar in principle to that for hardwood but difference existed in __________.

I. product obtained
II. methods of refining of distillates
III. in the process
IV. in the treatment of

A. III, IV
B. I, III, IV
C. III, I,II
D. I, II

A

D. I, II

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40
Q

The fastest way of determining moisture content of wood is through the use of ________.

A. sun drying method
B. oven dry method
C. moisture meter method
D. benchmarking

A

C. moisture meter method

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41
Q

An index use in determining the amount of wood substance of a piece of wood is ______.

A. specific gravity
B. texture
C. mass index
D. strength index

A

A. specific gravity

42
Q

In drying expensive/ valuable wood species having large cross section, what is this kind of dryer?

A. solvent dryer
B. solar dryer
C. vacuum dryer
D. conventional kiln

A

C. vacuum dryer

43
Q

Lumber of different species are mixed together in the same kiln charge, what will be the drying schedule to be observed?

A. severed drying temperature at 150 degrees fare
B. The drying requirements of the species with high specific gravity
C. drying temperature at 100 degrees fahrenheit
D. The drying requirement of the species of low specific gravity

A

B. The drying requirements of the species with high specific gravity

44
Q

Product of benzene ad napthalene are usually produces through sulfonation process, such product is better known as ________.

A. acetic acid
B. sodium aldehyde
C. synthetic wood preservative
D. synthetic tanning material

A

D. synthetic tanning material

45
Q

If you are to manufacture a plywood using a veneer cut in a continuous ribbon, how would you manage to cut the veneer in the logs?

A. slicing the veneer from the logs
B. centering the entire bolt in a lathe machine and rotating it against the log
C. rift-cutting of veneer from the logs
D. sawing the veneer from the logs

A

B. centering the entire bolt in a lathe machine and rotating it against the log

46
Q

Viscous method of producing rayon is attained by treating cellulose with strong sodium hydroxide solution and alkali cellulose is formed. When this is treated with carbon disulfide it forms an alkali solution called-

A. reaction agent
B. sodium chloride
C. cellulose xanthate
D. silver nitrate

A

C. cellulose xanthate

47
Q

The most common defect in drying wood material is _________.

A. collapse
B. honeycomb
C. surface and end-checking
D. catface

A

C. surface and end-checking

48
Q

A highly purified form of cellulose used in the manufacture of rayon, cellophane and plastic is the _______.

A. sulfite pulp
B. mechanical pulp
C. fiber
D. dissolve pulp

A

D. dissolve pulp

49
Q

A furniture manufacturer inquired from a sawmill operator how a log is sawn to display the natural beauty of the wood. The sawmill operator gave the following statements:

  1. In plain-sawn lumber, the growth rings are tangent or parallel to the wide surface; and
  2. in quarter-sawn lumber the wood rays are parallel to the wide surface.

A. Only statement 1 is true
B. Both statements are true
C. Only statement 2 is true
D. Both statements are incorrect.

A

A. Only statement 1 is true

50
Q

Ruping process is a pressure treatment process used when ________of preservative is desired.

A. maximum quantity
B. limited quantity
C. normal penetration
D. deep penetration

A

B. limited quantity

51
Q

This is known as a miracle tree due to its multiple medicinal use.

A. banaba
B. dita
C. coconut
D. malunggay

A

D. malunggay

52
Q

A deviation that occurs from the anticipated line of cut in sawing rough lumber is called ______.

A. quality control
B. Kerf
C. standard deviation
D. sawing variation

A

D. sawing variation

53
Q

The hemicellulose that was dissolve during mechanical pulping and peroxide bleaching can be harmful in white water.

A. anionic
B. pectins
C. peroxide
D. acid pulp

A

A. anionic

54
Q

Chemical analysis of the wood will enable men to determine ______.

A. difference of the heating value of the different wood species
B. difference in heat resistance
C. difference in moisture content
D. difference in toughness

A

A. difference of the heating value of the different wood species

55
Q

Creep or defamation in a beam usually occur due to ________.

A. maintained load
B. elasticity
C. cyclic load
D. deflection

A

A. maintained load

56
Q

Treating wood to high temperature causes the degradation of wood substance. What would be the IRREVERSIBLE effect in the wood?

A. loss of weight and strength
B. discoloration
C. reduction in dimension
D. loss of moisture

A

A. loss of weight and strength

57
Q

Staining particle board is easy, however, there is a need to observe the proper way of doing it.

A. use thinner to attain the desired mixture and texture
B. use an impregnation machine to ensure penetration
C. avoid exposing the stained board under the sun
D. use an oil based rather than a water based stain

A

D. use an oil based rather than a water based stain

58
Q

Known for its medicinal value and food supplement.

A. Yakon
B. Neem tree
C. Deta
D. Jatropa

A

A. Yakon

59
Q

Wood that was subjected to artificial seasoning when compared to natural seasoning is considered as ______.

A. Adaptable in all type of construction work
B. Inferior wood
C. Superior wood
D. Use is limited

A

C. Superior wood

60
Q

_______ is a renewable resource and the most abundant naturally occurring and is a polymeric composite material.

A. resin
B. particle board
C. wood
D. bagasse

A

C. wood

61
Q

Modulus rapture is a measure of _______ of a beam or column in timber mechanics.

A. rigidity or stiffness
B. tensil stress
C. compression strength
D. breaking point

A

D. breaking point

62
Q

A very common plant in the Philippines now reognize by the government as a source of biofuel and substitute for the traditional diesel fuel.

A. palm oil
B. jatropa
C. coconut oil
D. castor oil

A

B. jatropa

63
Q

Group of woody plants falling under the category of hardwood.

I. Gubas
II. Gmelina
III. Acacia mangium
IV. Douglas fir

A. II, II and IV
B. I, II and IV
C. I and IV
D. I, II and III

A

D. I, II and III

64
Q

What is the breaking strength of a wooden beam expressed in stress per unit area?

A. static bonding
B. fiber stress
C. modulus of elasticity
D. modulus of rapture

A

D. modulus of rapture

65
Q

What is the practical indicator to detect if bacterial growth occurs on wood that is submerged in water?

A. insect growth
B. swelling
C. fungal growth
D. sour smell

A

D. sour smell

66
Q

The following wood species are classified as wood of light color

A. Amugis, Malugai, Bitaog
B. Narra, Tindalo, Ipil
C. Almaciga, Dita, Lanete
D. Kalantas, Red Lauan, Tanguile

A

C. Almaciga, Dita, Lanete

67
Q

Determine the percentage volumetric shrinkage of lumber at green wood condition of 10 cm x 10 cm x 0.05 cm and when dried below its FSP the final dimension became 9.5 cm x 9 cm x 0.48 cm.

A. 25%
B. 18%
C. 20%
D. 22%

A

B. 18%

68
Q

A carpenter working in a furniture shop complain about the frequent dulling of the planer. What is that wood substance which contributes to the fast dulling of tools?

A. extractive
B. silica
C. tanin
D. resin

A

B. silica

69
Q

If there exist a cross grain in wood, this is characterized as ________ grain that exist in the wood.

A. straight
B. slash
C. spiral
D. rif

A

C. spiral

70
Q

_____ is a blackish or brownish oil made by distilling coaltar usually used for treatment of marine piles.

A. cistin
B. creosote
C. boric acid
D. borax

A

B. creosote

71
Q

Hot setting adhesive in the manufacture of harvested wood product require a temperature of at least ______ to insure a steady joint.

A. 60 deg C to 90 deg C
B. 45 deg C to 90 deg C
C. 100 deg
D. 20 deg C to 40 deg C

A

C. 100 deg

72
Q

One of the indirect benefits that could be derived from cogeneration.

A. improve food production
B. lessen dependents to electrical energy
C. improve awareness of energy conservation
D. improve environment

A

D. improve environment

73
Q

Oil fustic is a product of chlorophora tinetoria a woody plant belonging to the family of ______.

A. Moraceae
B. Legunienceae
C. Fagaceae
D. Eupleosbiaceae

A

A. Moraceae

74
Q

What is the log volume input of sawmill having a recovery factor of 0.6 with an estimated recoverable lumber of 25,440 bd ft?

A. 150 cu.m.
B. 520 cu.m.
C. 100 cu.m.
D. 1,000 cu.m.

A

C. 100 cu.m.

75
Q

The most destructive stage of wood-boring insects.

A. incipient stage
B. larval stage
C. advance adult stage
D. pupal stage

A

B. larval stage

76
Q

To increase seasonal yield of gum extraction it is a practice to treat the freshly cut portion of the wood bark with a stimulant such as _______.

A. seed
B. acid
C. potassium
D. sugar

A

B. acid

77
Q

A kind of drinks which use ceriops tagal flavoring.

A. lambanog
B. basi
C. tuba
D. tapoi

A

C. tuba

78
Q

It was observed that there exist a discrepancy between the tangential and radial shrinkage across the wood grain resulting to one of the lumber to dry rapidly compared to the drying properties with that of others. This is so due to _______.

A. twisting
B. cripping
C. warping
D. crocking

A

C. warping

79
Q

What is that bark containing yellowish-brown color substance used to convert hides into leather?

A. resin bark
B. tanbark
C. elemibark
D. breablanca bark

A

B. tanbark

80
Q

Wax emulsion is use as a sizing agent in the manufacture of particle board purposely to ________ absorption of liquid substance.

A. reduce
B. increase
C. avoid
D. prevent

A

A. reduce

81
Q

What is the reciprocal of electrical conductivity of wood?

A. accessibility
B. resistivity
C. reciprocity
D. diffusibility

A

B. resistivity

82
Q

What would be the basis to change the kiln schedule of a board in kiln drying?

A. average MC of all sample
B. average MC of 3 wettest sample
C. MC of the wettest sample
D. average MC of 3 driest sample

A

C. MC of the wettest sample

83
Q

What are the disadvantages in using wood as railroad ties when compared to other railroad ties material?

I. It is subject to attack, by wood destroying fungi
II. It is subject to check and split in seasoning
III. Not environmentally friendly
IV. Cause degradation to the forest

A. II, III, and IV
B. I, II, and IV
C. I and II
D. I, II, and III

A

B. I, II, and IV

84
Q

What are the parts of the plant when extraction of dye could be performed?

I. bark, leaves
II. wood, root
III. rhizome and fruit
IV. fruiting bodies found in the wood

A. II, IV
B. I, IV
C. I, II, III
D. II, III, IV

A

C. I, II, III

85
Q

When load is maintained in a wooden beam ______ takes place.

A. creep
B. load limit
C. deflection
D.break point

A

A. creep

86
Q

What kind of wood effect lowers the quality of wood but DOES NOT have a major effect on the strength of the wood?

A. white rot
B. stain
C. decay
D. brown rot

A

B. stain

87
Q

_____ is a slender wood structural member used to support element in wall and partition.

A. truss
B. purlin
C. rafter
D. stud

A

D. stud

88
Q

Softening wood by hot water or stream to increase its pliability is a result of ______ the wood.

A. equalizing
B. stabilizing
C. conditioning
D. plasticizing

A

D. plasticizing

89
Q

It is the average number of pounds per squares inch of pressure required to cause the panel to break across the face of the board.

A. modulus elasticity
B. compressor stress
C. tensile strength
D. modulus of rapture

A

D. modulus of rapture

90
Q

Teak wood is preferred for ship building because of ______ property.

A. toughness
B. low shrinkage
C. light weight
D. resistance to shock

A

B. low shrinkage

91
Q

How would you describe, the cutting done by a carpenters hand plane?

A. lateral cutting
B. side cutting
C. slide cutting
D. orthogonal cutting

A

D. orthogonal cutting

92
Q

What do you call the treatment applied to a wooden material purposely to reduce combustibility?

A. insecticide
B. fire retardant
C. polyethylene glycol
D. fungicide

A

B. fire retardant

93
Q

Bamboo in general area of two types, erect and _____.

A. spreading
B. creeping
C. clumping
D. climbing

A

C. clumping

94
Q

What do you call the orderly arranged cellulose molecules found in woody plant?

A. primary cell wall
B. microfibrils
C. warty layer
D. middle lamella

A

B. microfibrils

95
Q

The process which could prolong the life of a wood product which eliminates the need for toxic preservatives is known as _______.

A. Bernouli process
B. Thermo process
C. Chempolis process
D. Thermodynamic process

A

B. Thermo process

96
Q

Cellulose is the principal chemical constituent of wood characterize by long slender strands is known as ______.

A. monomer
B. fiber
C. lignin
D. fibrils

A

D. fibrils

97
Q

When the specific gravity of wood is high it is likely to display the following characteristics:

I. heat generated will be high
II. strength properties will be high
III. pulp yield will be high
IV. not susceptible to insect attack is high
V. not subject to warping

Which of the above statement characterize wood of high specific gravity?

A. I, II, III
B. II, III, IV
C. I, II, V
D. III, IV, V

A

C. I, II, V

98
Q

_____ at any given dry bulb temperature (DBT) can be converted to actual air humidity.

A. air temperature
B. wet bulb depression
C. air humidity
D. dry bulb temperature

A

B. wet bulb depression

99
Q

The methods of extracting tannin from shredded wood are _______.

I. decoction
II. autoclave
III. open tank diffusion
IV. percolation

A. III, II
B. I, IV
C. I, II
D. III, IV

A

B. I, IV

100
Q

The number one agribase export earnings in 2005 is oil and dessicated coconut, a production from coconut and it is due to its economic use such as ______.

I. medical
II. vegetable oil
III. use for soap manufacturing
IV. it cures all kinds of sickness

A. I, II, III
B. II, IV
C. I, II, IV
D. II, III, IV

A

A. I, II, III

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