2011 Forest Ecosystem Flashcards
The protoplasm of a single cell is known as:
a. Protoplast
b. Chromoplast
c. Chloroplast
d. Hydroplast
a. Protoplast
What type of soil has less than 15% silt and clay light in texture and can hold less water and minerals but more air?
a. Loam soil
b. Sandy soil
c. Clay soil
d. Sandy loam
b. Sandy soil
Reduction of growth or stunting is a sign of nutrient deficiency. Severe stunting is principally caused by lack of potassium and iron.
a. All statements are false.
b. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
c. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is true.
d. All statements are true.
b. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
A simple, dry dehiscent fruit from a compound pistil.
a. Tuber
b. Capsule
c. Pod
d. Berry
b. Capsule
Its presence in the cell results in the stiff and sturdy framework and lack of motility of plants.
a. Cellophane
b. Cell wall
c. Chlorophyll
d. Chloroplast
b. Cell wall
Which are leaf-feeding beetles?
I. Pachyrychus sp.
II. Metapocyrtus sp.
III. Margaronia helaralis
a. II and III
b. I and III
c. I, II, and III
d. I and II
d. I and II
Once the trees are harvested, new trees can grow in their place and continue to sequester carbon. The rate of carbon sequestration depends on the management practice adapted, the tree species involved, and the geographic area covered.
a. All statements are true.
b. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
c. All statements are false.
d. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is false.
a. All statements are true.
Which are the characteristics of chewing insects?
I. They have two mandibles
II. They have two maxillae
III. They have two labrum
a. I, II, and III
b. I and III
c. I and II
d. II and III
c. I and II
As a forester in-charge, you walked through your teak plantation. You noticed that the leaves look dry and scorched along the margins. The teak trees are deficient in ______?
a. Calcium
b. Nitrogen
c. Potassium
d. Phosphorous
c. Potassium
In typhoon-belt areas, extreme wind velocities reach about to 200 km/h. To reduce some of the damages, a shelterbelt is established. What are some of the desirable characteristics of species for shelterbelt?
I. Wind firmness
II. Rapid development
III. Ability to coppice
a. I, II, and III
b. II and III
c. I and III
d. I and II
a. I, II, and III
Gugo is used extensively in the Philippines and other oriental countries for washing hair. What is the scientific name of gugo?
a. Pistia sp.
b. Entada phaseoloides
c. Nymphoides indica
d. Ludwegia adscebdens
b. Entada phaseoloides
______ is an organism with or having three or more sets of chromosomes.
a. Multiploid
b. Diploid
c. Haploid
d. Polyploidy
d. Polyploidy
Which of the following are characteristics of natural regeneration?
I. Often the simplest and cheapest types of forest management because it requires small investment.
II. It may result in the production of better quality trees.
III. It is applicable in degraded areas.
a. I and III
b. I, II, and III
c. II and III
d. I and II
d. I and II
An area is proclaimed as protected area if it meets three criteria. It has unique ecosystem. It is a wildlife corridor. What is the other criterion?
a. It is a mountainous area.
b. It does not have indigenous people inside.
c. It is a resource reserve.
d. It contain locally endemic species.
d. It contains locally endemic species.
What generally influence the quality of seeds or seedlings?
a. Parents physical appearance and environment.
b. Parents physical appearance and soil nutrient.
c. Parents genetic composition and/or environment.
d. Parents genetic composition and soil nutrients.
c. Parents genetic composition and/or environment.
Altered soil microclimate is detrimental to soil organisms which require moisture for processes. Compaction of soil has no effect on microbial activity.
a. All statements are true.
b. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is true.
c. All statement are false.
d. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
d. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
Which is not an indigenous species in the Philippines?
a. Gubas
b. Kaatoan bangkal
c. Bagras
d. Yemane
d. Yemane
Which of the following is initial symptom of canker disease caused by Corticium discolor in neem trees?
a. Branch swelling
b. Yellowing of leaves
c. Necrosis
d. Girdled branches
a. Branch swelling
Canker diseases in tree species are evidenced by which of the following:
I. Longitudinal back cracks.
II. Girdled branches
III. Necrosis of leaves
a. II and III
b. I and II
c. I, II, and III
d. I and III
c. I, II, and III
_____ is an ecosystem that accumulates plant material overtime and store an average of 10x more carbon per hectare than any other ecosystem.
a. Wetland reserve
b. Forest reserve
c. Peatland
d. National park
c. Peatland
_____ species are those that germinate and establish seedlings only in highly distributed environments.
a. Endangered species
b. Pioneer species
c. Keystone species
d. Climax species
b. Pioneer species
What are the purposes of mulching with grass or leaves?
I. Reduces evaporation
II. Prevents hardening of surface soil
III. Facilitate root penetration
a. I, II, and III
b. I and III
c. I and II
d. II and III
c. I and II
Per Executive Order No. 23, it is the obligation of the state to protect the remaining forest area of the country. It is also its obligation to allow natural regeneration of residual forest and development of plantation forests.
a. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
b. All statement are true.
c. All statement are false.
d. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is true.
b. All statements are true.
Which of the following are characteristics of clayey soils?
I. Excellent water-holding capacity
II. Excellent mineral-holding capacity.
III. Difficult to work.
a. II and III
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. I, II, and III
d. I, II and III
Imbibition is the process by which cell walls and protoplasm absorb water thus making them softer, swollen and more elastic. Photosynthesis involves the use of energy from sunlight to reduce carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates, water and by-product from hydrogen donor.
a. All statements are true.
b. All statements are false.
c. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false.
d. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is true.
a. All statements are true.
A parenchyma tissue in the center of a dicot stem.
a. Placenta
b. Plasmolysis
c. Plastid
d. Pith
d. Pith
Which statements are true?
I. Sandy soil contain silt and clay which are less than 10% of the material by weight.
II. Clay soil contains at least 10% clay particles by weight.
a. Neither I nor II
b. II and III
c. I only
d. II only
a. Neither I nor II
The required nitrogen level for a one-hectare plantation is 100kg N. If dried farm manure with an analysis of 5kg N/100kg will be used to fertilize it, how many kilos of farm manure will be applied in 1 hectare?
a. 500 kg
b. 20,000 kg
c. 2,000 kg
d. 20 kg
c. 2,000 kg
The study of the causes, control, and other features of plant disease if known as:
a. Plant ecology
b. Plant systematics
c. Plant pathology
d. Plant physiology
c. Plant pathology
Considered the most destructive insect pest of G, arborea, the larvae of Ozola minole feed on:
I. Leaf margin
II. Make holes on the leaves
III Eat the whole leaf
a. I and II
b. I, II, and III
c. II and III
d. I and III
a. I and II
Plant systematics pertains to the:
a. Division of related classes of plants.
b. Study of plant distribution.
c. Identification, classification, and evolutionary relationship of plants.
d. Silvicultural treatments.
c. Identification, classification, and evolutionary relationship of plants.
Carbon cycling is the process whereby essential nutrients are returned to the rooting zone. Nutrient cycling, on the other hand, enhances soil compaction.
a. All statements are true.
b. The first statement is true, the second is false.
c. All statements are false.
d. The first statement is false, the second is true.
c. All statements are false.
In forest trees seed certification program, seeds coming from controlled collection areas are termed as _____.
a. Certified seeds
b. Progeny tested seeds.
c. Source identified seeds.
d. Unclassified seeds.
c. Source identified seeds.
Why is it not advisable to collect seeds from isolate individual trees?
a. Because you dont know their parent trees.
b. Because their seeds fall to the ground.
c. Because they are young or immature trees.
d. Because they self-pollinate.
d. Because they self-pollinate.
Coconut is a ____?
a Drupe
b. Berry
c. Pome
d. Pepo
a. Drupe
Wood decay can be caused by Fomes lignosis and Ganoderma pseudoferreum. Damping off, on the other hand, is caused by Sclerotium rolfsii.
a. All statements are true.
b. The first statement is true, the second is false.
c. All statements are false.
d. The first statement is false, the second is true.
b. The first statement is true, the second is false.
_____ is the science of classification and nomenclature of plants, while ____ is an art and science of studying the external form and a structure of trees.
a. Dendrology and morphology
b. Systematics and tree morphology
c. Plant systematics and tree morphology
d. Plant taxonomy and tree morphology
d. Plant taxonomy and tree morphology.
____ is a series of oxidation-reduction reaction whereby living things obtain energy through breakdown of organic materials.
a. Respiration
b. Transpiration
c. Breathing
d. Assimilation
a. Respiration
In old and mature stands of natural forests, considerable part of timber volume is destroyed by _____.
a. Varicose borer
b. Gall rust
c. Heart rot fungi
d. Shoot moth borer
c. Heart rot fungi
_____ is conducted to repair the damages resulting from unattended injuries and from the decaying parts of the tree caused by fungi and other agents.
a. Sterilization
b. Sterilization
c. Tree surgery
d. Incubation
c. Tree surgery