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PFLE Reviewer > 1998 Forest Resource Management > Flashcards

1998 Forest Resource Management Flashcards

1
Q

What is that market situation wherein there in one seller and one specific product?
a. Oligopoly
b. Pure monopoly
c. Monopoly
d. Pure competition

A

b. Pure monopoly

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2
Q

In making a topographic survey if the bearing of the base line is 60W, what is the bearing of the strip?
a. S 30E
b. D-W
c. S 60 E
d. N 30E

A

d. N 30E

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3
Q

Which of the following factors does not determine the selection of method of minor transportation (log assemblage or skidding)?
a. Topography
b. Distance to the sawmill
c. Silvicultural consideration or forest management policies
d. Size and character of timber

A

b. Distance to the sawmill

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4
Q

What is the ratio of the total stem volume to the volume of the cylinder with diameter equal to total height of the tree?
a. Cylindrical form factor
b. Taper
c. Ingrowth
d. Increment

A

a. Cylindrical form factor

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5
Q

_____ are adjacent photographs which can be viewed in the third dimension.
a. Stereoscopic pair
b. Film
c. Sidelap
d. Three-dimension photos

A

a. Stereoscopic pair

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6
Q

In aerial photogrammetry, it refers to the height of the optical center of the camera lens above the datum plane.
a. Parallax
b. Nadir
c. Flying height
d. Flying line

A

c. Flying height

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7
Q

The act of cutting or severing a tree from the stump.
a. Chopping
b. Felling
c. Undercut
d. Girdling

A

b. Felling

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8
Q

It is an error in measurement which implies a tendency to depart in a particular direction from the true value sought. An example of this error is that which results from the use of an instrument with graduation of incorrect size or with an incorrect origin.
a. Bias
b. Precision
c. Sampling error
d. Mistake

A

a. Bias

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9
Q

It is a process of analyzing and describing the risks associated with a project of activity to ecosystems, human health and welfare.
a. Eco-watch
b. Environmental Scoping
c. Environmental Impact Assessment
d. Environmental Risk Assessment

A

d. Environmental Risk Assessment

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10
Q

What is the flying height above mean ground level given the following:
Focal length of the lens = 150 mm
Scale of the compilation map = 1:10,000
Mean height above the sea level of the ground = 100 m
Aircraft speed = mph
a. 1,500 meters
b. 10,000 meters
c. 1,600 meters
d. 100 meters

A

c. 1,600 meters

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11
Q

The volume of wood or quantity of forest products which is authorized to be removed from a forest under a particular license during a given year.
a. Allowable cut
b. Marking goal
c. Annual allowable cut
d. Stumpage value

A

c. Annual allowable cut

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12
Q

A harvesting method for easy and flat terrain where a tractor or wrecker equipped with a winch complete with logging arch, front mounted decking blade, and a rear mounted logging pan to lift one end of the log while forwarding is _____.
a. Ground skidding
b. Animal yarding
c. Cable crane system
d. Skylining

A

a. Ground skidding

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13
Q

Where swinging is practiced, it is the entire area from which logs come to one head spar at the landing.
a. Logging area
b. Spur road
c. Compartment
d. Setting

A

d. Setting

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14
Q

_____ refers to the extracted or cutting of timber and non-timber forest products from either natural or man-made forests.
a. Yarding and skidding
b. Felling
c. Major transporting
d. Harvesting

A

d. Harvesting

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15
Q

In dense stands, _____ are trees or brush which are characterized with stunted or abnormal growth.
a. Wolf trees
b. Snags
c. Scrubs
d. Mosses

A

c. Scrubs

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16
Q

Forest nurseries play a vital role in reforestation. Which of the following should not be considered in the establishment of a forest nursery?
a. A perfectly level ground should not be preferred over slightly sloping ground
b. The area should be large enough for future expansion
c. The soil where the nursery is located should be neutral acidity
d. There is adequately amount of water supply

A

a. A perfectly level ground should not be preferred over slightly sloping ground

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17
Q

______ is an indication of the number of trees in a stand, as compared to the desirable number for best growth and development.
a. Optimal growth
b. Stand structure
c. Stocking
d. Spacing

A

c. Stocking

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18
Q

What is the legal basis of CBFM as a National Strategy to manage forestland resources of the country?
a. PD 705
b. RA 6969
c. RA 7160
d. EO 263

A

d. EO 263

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19
Q

____ is the mainstay of the wood-based industry in the Philippines.
a. Forest plantation
b. Dipterocarp forest
c. Pine forest
d. Residual forest

A

b. Dipterocarp forest

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20
Q

In aerial photogrammetry, which is not a result of a short focal length camera?
a. Exaggerated 3-D effect
b. Minimum stereoscopic effect and image displacement
c. Wide coverage from low altitude
d. Increased image displacement

A

b. Minimum stereoscopic effect and image displacement

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21
Q

What is that sellers market structure characterized by price leadership?
a. Monopolistic competition
b. Oligopoly
c. Monopoly
d. Oligopsony

A

b. Oligopoly

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22
Q

In a plantation forest, what is the term used to represent the number of years a single crop or generation is allowed to grow.
a. Financial maturity
b. Rotation
c. Allowable cut
d. Cutting cycle

A

b. Rotation

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23
Q

A silvicultural system applied to a pine forest.
a. Seed tree
b. Clearcutting
c. Coppice
d. Shelterwood

A

a. Seed tree

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24
Q

It refers to the aggregation of trees occupying a specific area with a set of homogenous characteristics which make it distinct from the adjacent.
a. Setting
b. Stand
c. Forest
d. Block

A

b. Stand

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25
Q

The value represented by the land, timber, reproduction, and physical improvements that make-up a forest property is referred to as _____.
a. Aesthetic value
b. Stumpage value
c. Stand price
d. Forest capital

A

d. Forest capital

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26
Q

Which is not a factor considered in determining the annual allowable cut in the second-growth dipterocarp forests?
a. Initial reduction factor
b. Marking goal
c. Annual cutting area
d. Harvestable volume per hectare

A

b. Marking goal

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27
Q

Which of the following is not a high premium species used in plantations?
a. Molave
b. Narra
c. Ipil
d. Moluccan sau

A

d. Moluccan sau

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28
Q

______ is the capitalized value of infinitely long series of extended periodic income timber and is considered the value of bare forest land.
a. Stumpage series value
b. Marginal income value
c. Forest net work
d. Soil/Land expectation value

A

d. Soil/Land expectation value

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29
Q

Refers to the number of years between establishment and harvesting of a given stand.
a. Rotation
b. Cutting cycle
c. Harvesting cycle
d. Economic rotation

A

a. Rotation

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30
Q

What is that process by which precipitation is caught and held by foliage, branches of trees, and lesser vegetation, or by surface debris?
a. Interception
b. Infiltration
c. Transpiration
d. Drainage area

A

a. Interception

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31
Q

It is a device used in felling trees to prevent binding in log making operations.
a. Diameter tape
b. Stereoscope
c. Wedge
d. Hypsometer

A

c. Wedge

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32
Q

Compute for the gross increment including ingrowth after 10 years of a forest stand in Region 6 given the following:
Volume 10 years after = 150.71 cu. m.
Initial volume = 83.88 cu. m.
Mortality = 9.82 cu. m.
Ingrowth = 0.81 cu. m
a. 66.83 cu. m.
b. 67.64 cu. m.
c. 77.46 cu. m.
d. 76.65 cu. m.

A

d. 76.65 cu. m.

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33
Q

What is the difference of elite trees from plus trees?
a. Straight growth
b. Cylindrical bole
c. Progeny-tested
d. Good crown form

A

c. Progeny-tested

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34
Q

What do you call that amount of water remaining in well-drained area when the downward movement of flow into unsaturated soil has become small or negligible?
a. Field capacity
b. Antecedent moisture
c. Ground water
d. Base flow

A

a. Field capacity

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35
Q

A ratio, expressed in percent, of the actual amount of water vapor in the air compared to the total amount of water vapor necessary for saturation is _____.
a. Dry bulb temperature
b. Dew point temperature
c. Microclimate factor
d. Relative humidity

A

d. Relative humidity

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36
Q

What is the stumpage value (p/cu. m.) of a log which sells for P6,000.00 per cubic meter and cost P2,500 per cu.m. to produce given that the margin for profit and risk is 20% of the production cost?
a. P3,500.00
b. P2,500.00
c. P3,000.00
d. P6,500.00

A

c. P3,000.00

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37
Q

Group of trees which are broad-leaved.
a. Softwood
b. Hardwood
c. Lianas
d. Conifers

A

b. Hardwood

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38
Q

In what particular zone within the NIPAS area where implementation of CBFM is not possible?
a. Protected zone
b. Buffer zone
c. Multiple-use zone
d. Shelterleast zone

A

a. Protected zone

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39
Q

The smallest subdivision of a forest block which is delimited for orderly harvesting and removal of merchantable trees in order to minimize the damage/injury to the remaining forest land is called _____.
a. Production forest
b. Compartment
c. Residual forest
d. Set-up

A

d. Set-up

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40
Q

Which forest includes the critical watershed, mossy forest, strips of rivers, streams, shorelines, and reservoir and steep, rocky areas?
a. Protection forest
b. Production forest
c. Parks/Outdoors
d. Grazing lands

A

a. Protection forest

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41
Q

It is a type of grassland where species have been modified in favor of more productive species.
a. Pastureland
b. Biotic grassland
c. Natural grassland
d. Improved permanent grassland

A

d. Improved permanent grassland

42
Q

What do you call that systematic distortion when conducting forest sampling?
a. Risk
b. Bias
c. Error
d. Coefficient of variation

A

b. Bias

43
Q

The maximum number of animals which can graze each year on a give area of range for a specific number of days without inducing a downward trend in forage production, quality and soil is called _____.
a. Grazing capacity
b. Allowable cut
c. Range management
d. Grazeable area

A

a. Grazing capacity

44
Q

_____ are trees left after logging with diameter at breast height of 20-60 cm having straight and cylindrical bole with no or minimal injury to its roots system, trunks, and crown.
a. Unhealthy residuals
b. Marked trees
c. Healthy residuals
d. Residual inventory

A

c. Healthy residuals

45
Q

Which area in the residual forests is allowed for conversion into plantations per Memorandum Circular no. 08 series of 1992?
a. Areas 1,000 meters and over in elevation
b. Strips 20 meters both sides of a stream
c. Small patches of planted areas interspersed in the brushland areas.
d. Inadequately-stocked residual forests 50% above in slope

A

c. Small patches of planted areas interspersed in the brushland areas.

46
Q

_____ absolute necessity in any skyline system. It is the vertical distance between the chord and the skyline.
a. Skyline height
b. Log clearance
c. Deflection
d. Vertical distance

A

c. Deflection

47
Q

Salting is important in livestock management. What is the normal salt requirement of a mature animal per day?
a. 30 - 50 grams
b. 2 - 3 grams
c. 35 -50 grams
d. 20 40 grams

A

a. 30 - 50 grams

48
Q

What part of the seed contains reserved food needed in the process of germination until is the developed roots to derive from the soil?
a. Seed coat
b. Endosperm
c. Body
d. Embryo

A

b. Endosperm

49
Q

What do you call that supplemented feeding during the breeding season?
a. Cross breeding
b. Flushing
c. Mineral supplementation
d. Exotic feeding

A

b. Flushing

50
Q

If the scale is 1:15,200, what is its equivalent in km/cm?
a. 15.2
b. 0.152
c. 1,520
d. 152

A

b. 0.152

51
Q

_____ is the most popular improved pasture species in the Philippines. Its leaves are broad and tapering with a strong midrib and cylindrical, golden yellow flowers.
a. Style
b. Paragrass
c. Guinea grass
d. Napier

A

d. Napier

52
Q

What is that term in forestry which deals with the accounting, analyzing investments and other monetary consideration of forest production.
a. Forest finance
b. Forest economics
c. Forest mensuration
d. Forest inventory

A

b. Forest economics

53
Q

If the small end diameter if 40 cm and the big end diameter 55 cm. What are the basal areas of small and big end diameter?
a. 12.57 and 23.76 sq. m.
b. 0.1257 and 0.2376 sq. m.
c. 1.257 and 2.376 sq. m.
d. 1257 and 2376 sq. m.

A

b. 0.1257 and 0.2376 sq. m.

54
Q

It involves subdividing the range into units and grazing one range unit, then another, in regular succession.
a. Continuous grazing
b. Rotation grazing
c. Deferred rotation grazing
d. Deferred grazing

A

b. Rotation grazing

55
Q

The smallest subdivision of a forest block which is delimited for the orderly harvesting and removal of merchantable trees and other trees allowed to be cut in _____.
a. Forest stand
b. Yarding area
c. Harvesting compartment
d. Set up

A

d. Set up

56
Q

In the context of timber management, what refers to a timber production potential of a site for a particular species of forest type?
a. Eco-profile
b. Site quality
c. Site
d. Logs

A

b. Site quality

57
Q

If 30 cm on the map represents 15 km on the ground, what is the correct map scale?
a. 1:50,000
b. 1:15,000
c. 1:5,000
d. 1:30,000

A

a. 1:50,000

58
Q

These areas regardless of slope are highly erodible and too rocky for establishment of production forests.
a. Wilderness
b. Protection forests
c. Molave forests
d. National park

A

b. Protection forests

59
Q

A skyline system which is rigged by threading the mainline through the fall block and shackling the end of the mainline to the carriage is called _____.
a. Skidder
b. Highlead
c. Northbend
d. Tyler

A

c. Northbend

60
Q

In watershed management, these are large, rectangular cages filled with rock to assist in erosion control.
a. Gully
b. Terrace
c. Srub
d. Gabion

A

d. Gabion

61
Q

It includes various cuttings made during the development of the stand from reproduction stage to maturity.
a. Intermediate cuttings
b. Girdling
c. Selection cutting
d. Felling

A

a. Intermediate cuttings

62
Q

How do you define a mistake in the measurement of distances?
a. The difference between two measurements of the same quantity.
b. An error due to combination of causes beyond the ability of the observer.
c. An unintentional fault of conduct arising from poor judgment.
d. The difference between the measurement and the true value

A

c. An unintentional fault of conduct arising from poor judgment.

63
Q

It is an area that has been depleted of its natural forest cover and is predominantly covered by grasses, herbaceous species or bare soil.
a. Depleted forest
b. Brushland
c. Protection forest
d. Open and denuded land

A

d. Open and denuded land

64
Q

In skyline logging, the required minimum height of the skyline is determined by the _____.
a. Length of the transported logs
b. Size of the logging set-up
c. Yarder horsepower
d. Volume of trees available

A

a. Length of the transported logs

65
Q

What is the effect on domestic wood of the shift of logging from old growth forests to residual forests?
a. Supply increased
b. Allowable cut increased
c. Allowable diameter of trees to be cut increased
d. Supply decreased

A

d. Supply decreased

66
Q

In forestry terms, what is an area of one hectare or more which is at least 10 percent stocked with forest trees, including seedlings and saplings, wild palms.
a. Stand
b. Forest
c. Compartment
d. Set-up

A

b. Forest

67
Q

To free the crop trees from the older, overtopping individuals, what silvicultural operation is made in a stand past the sapling stage.
a. Enrichment planting
b. Liberation cutting
c. Salvage cutting
d. Reproduction cutting

A

b. Liberation cutting

68
Q

Executive Order No. 263 issued by the President of the Philippines on July 19, 1995 adopts it as the national strategy to ensure the sustainable development of the countrys forestland resources.
a. CBFM
b. SECAL
c. NFDO
d. FASPO

A

a. CBFM

69
Q

During residual inventory, a marked residual is considered healthy when
a. Only 1/4 to 1/2 of the crown is damaged
b. Only 1/6 to 1/2 of the crown is damaged
c. 1/2 of the number of buttresses is battered
d. Not more than 1/3 of the number of buttresses is badly battered

A

b. Only 1/6 to 1/2 of the crown is damaged

70
Q

It is an aerial photograph made with the camera axis pointed on an angle between the vertical and the horizontal .
a. Oblique photograph
b. Vertical photograph
c. Photo pair photograph
d. Stereoscopic photograph

A

a. Oblique photograph

71
Q

A branch of science which deals with the application of mathematical principles in estimating and predicting forest volume and growth is _____.
a. Timber management
b. Forest biometry
c. Forest growth and yield
d. Forest geometry

A

b. Forest biometry

72
Q

It is the process of determining the best end use or combination of uses of a specific land resource.
a. Forest mensuration
b. Multiple use
c. Land use planning
d. Forest valuation

A

c. Land use planning

73
Q

It is the period or stage of growth at which improvement cutting is employed in the stand.
a. Seedling stage
b. Before the sapling stage
c. Reproduction
d. Past the sapling stage

A

d. Past the sapling stage

74
Q

Which of the methods listed below is used in chaining through obstacles which can be chained but not seen across?
a. 3-pole method
b. 3-4-5 method
c. Perpendicular offset
d. Reciprocal ranging

A

d. Reciprocal ranging

75
Q

What is the velocity per second of the streamflow if the volume of water running a stream is 6,000 cubic meters per hour and the channel is three (3) square meters in area?
a. 5.60 m/sec
b. 0.056 m/sec
c. 0.56 m/sec
d. 56 m/sec

A

c. 0.56 m/sec

76
Q

_____ is a small forest land or tract of land purposely planted to tree crops (PD 1559) is called.
a. Mangrove forest
b. Even-age stand
c. Kaingin
d. Tree farm

A

d. Tree farm

77
Q

When is trimming of the roots and shoot desirable?
a. Certain roots have been severely injured.
b. There is only one primary root or leader
c. There well-developed side branches or lateral roots
d. The proportion between root and top crown is balanced

A

a. Certain roots have been severely injured.

78
Q

In a given forest, what is that average height of the dominant and co-dominant trees at a certain age.
a. Net growth
b. Total height
c. Site quality
d. Site index

A

d. Site index

79
Q

It is a tract of forest lands planted to timber crops to provide raw materials for existing or proposed processing plants.
a. Protection forest
b. Urban forest
c. Industrial plantation
d. Communal forests

A

c. Industrial plantation

80
Q

In range management, one animal unit is equivalent to _____.
a. 600 kg
b. 700 kg
c. 500 kg
d. 455 kg

A

d. 455 kg

81
Q

Which is not a type of skidding classified according to the application of motive power?
a. Log crafts
b. Tractors
c. Cables attached to logs and hauled by power
d. Animals

A

a. Log crafts

82
Q

What method of hastening germination requires cutting a small portion of the tests in order to expose a small portion of the cotyledon?
a. Scarification
b. Nicking
c. Water treatment
d. Floatation

A

b. Nicking

83
Q

Measures of stand density are more precise and generally more useful in estimation of growth and yield than stocking measures. Which is not an expression of stand density?
a. Number of trees per hectare
b. Tree area ratio
c. Basal area per hectare
d. Site index

A

d. Site index

84
Q

The computed number of young sound trees marked to be left per unit area before logging commences is known as ______.
a. Allowable cut
b. Marking goal
c. Inventory target
d. Residuals

A

b. Marking goal

85
Q

What is the principle on the reallocation of resource which improves the position of on without harming the other.
a. Pareto optimum
b. Equal distribution
c. Monopoly
d. Economics

A

a. Pareto optimum

86
Q

A yarding accessory used to bend to deviate the mainline to avoid injuring marked individuals or to avoid obstructions:
a. Flying Dutchman
b. Log guide
c. Rub tree
d. Bull block

A

c. Rub tree

87
Q

Identify the pertinent provision of RA 7160 prescribing the Devolved Forest Management functions from the DENR to the LGU (Province)?
a. Sec. 17 (b), (2) (ii)
b. Sec. 17 (b), (3) (iii)
c. Sec. 17 (b), (4)
d. Sec. 17 (b), (5)

A

a. Sec. 17 (b), (2) (ii)

88
Q

The volume of bolts or sticks can be expressed in talaksan. How many standard talaksan are there in 8 cu. m?
a. 5
b. 4
c. 3
d. 6

A

b. 4

89
Q

What is that part of the seed which consists of a hypocotyl and a growing tip which ultimately develops into a root at one end and a bud at the other end?
a. Embryo
b. Endosperm
c. Seed coat
d. Body

A

a. Embryo

90
Q

What refers to the development of the genetic make-up of the tree through selection and breeding?
a. Tree improvement
b. Tree breeding
c. Hybridization
d. Sanitation cutting

A

a. Tree improvement

91
Q

The scale of a log after deduction for defects is _____.
a. Net scale
b. Gross scale
c. Sawmill scale
d. Government scale

A

a. Net scale

92
Q

A planned and holistic program of activities applied to a given stand of forest trees from the period of establishment to harvest time is called ______.
a. Tree plantation program
b. Logging plan
c. Harvesting systems
d. Silvicultural systems

A

d. Silvicultural systems

93
Q

It is a chart showing the rise and fall of streamflow during a period of time.
a. Water table map
b. Rain gauge chart
c. Hydrograph
d. Hydrometer

A

c. Hydrograph

94
Q

In data analysis, what is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean?
a. Coefficient of variation
b. Variation
c. Random sample
d. Mean

A

a. Coefficient of variation

95
Q

The sum of the growth of trees in the stand is called ______.
a. Stand increment
b. Stand growth
c. Stand biomass
d. Stand yield

A

d. Stand yield

96
Q

______ includes all processes concerned with the abstraction of numerical data from photographs of all kinds.
a. Picture taking
b. Photo-documentation
c. Photography
d. Photogrammetry

A

d. Photogrammetry

97
Q

A drainage area of a river system supporting existing and proposed hydroelectric power and irrigation water needing immediate rehabilitation is referred to as ______.
a. River basin
b. Reforestation area
c. Critical watershed
d. Hydropower resource

A

c. Critical watershed

98
Q

What silvicultural activity is employed in a stand during its developmental stage?
a. Selective logging
b. Thinning
c. Intermediate treatment
d. Weeding

A

c. Intermediate treatment

99
Q

What refers to the geographic location or the total of all environmental conditions in a particular location?
a. Ecosystem
b. Site quality
c. Forest stand
d. Site

A

d. Site

100
Q

In the Philippines, areas usually marked for reforestation is classified as _____.
a. Residual forests above 1,000 masl
b. Marginal lands
c. Upland farms
d. Mossy forests

A

b. Marginal lands

PFLE Reviewer (18 decks)

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