2011 Forest Resource Management Flashcards by Clyde Louise Arbilo

It refers to the holistic, multiple-use and sustainable development of all resources within a spatial unit known as watershed.
a. Watershed and ecosystem management framework
b. Integrated watershed management framework
c. Integrated watershed resources management framework
d. Watershed and ecosystems planning and management framework

d. Watershed and ecosystems planning and management framework

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The annual growth of the stand divided by the age of the stand is referred to as:
a. Rotation age
b. Annual net increment
c. Net volume
d. Periodic growth

b. Annual net increment

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It refers to the maximum number of animals which can graze each year on a give range areas for a specific number of days without inducing a downward trend in forage production.
a. Rotation grazing
b. Grazing capacity
c. Grazeable area
d. Range management

b. Grazing capacity

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A timber inventory was to be conducted in a 2,500 hectares of forest using strip-sampling method. At 20% intensity, what is the distance between strips given a 20m width of the strip.
a. 150 meters
b. 100 meters
c. 105 meters
d. 200 meters

b. 100 meters

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What is the elevation of station B if the foresight on it is 2.67 m and the backlight on station A which has elevation of 126.33 m is 2.5 m?
a. 125.0 m
b. 127.5 m
c. 126.16 m
d. 129.03 m

c. 126.16 m

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Foresters are getting engaged in beautification programs which have become important public issues. Which of the following tree species have bright flowers?
a. Ficus sp.
b. Casuarina spp.
c. Lagerstroemia speciosa
d. Pinus insularis

c. Lagerstroemia speciosa

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Which of the following will refer to the number of years between establishment and harvest in a particular forest stand.
a. Rotation
b. Cutting cycle
c. Harvesting cycle
d. Economic rotation

a. Rotation

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Under an integrated Forest Management Program, which of the following are NOT available for such program?
a. Areas or lands subject to CADC/CALC
b. Productive residual forest
c. Areas covered by cancelled/expired Forest Land Grazing Agreement
d. Government Reforestation Projects

a. Areas or lands subject to CADC/CALC

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It shows the number of animals that can feed for a certain duration in a pasture area.
a. Carrying capacity
b. Grazeable animals
c. Feed tolerance
d. Site quality

a. Carrying capacity

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What kind of forest management program that can be applied holistically to a given forest stand from the period of establishment to harvest time?
a. Silvicultural system
b. Tree plantation program
c. Harvesting system
d. Logging ban

a. Silvicultural system

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What is that location to which logs are skidded, chutod, or flumed preparatory to being loaded and transported to mill or destination?
a. Cold deck
b. Block
c. Compartment
d. Landing

d. Landing

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The fees paid by the wood/timber industry to the government for the extraction and utilization of forest products.
a. Forest rent
b. Forest surcharge
c. Forest charges
d. Forest tax

c. Forest charges

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What is the term use to represent the number of years to complete a life cycle of a crop from establishment until final harvest?
a. Allowable cut
b. Cutting cycle
c. Rotation
d. Financial maturity

c. Rotation

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A 20 cm raingauge was to collect 4,712.4 cm3 of rain. What is the depth of rainfall?
a. 375 mm
b. 150 mm
c. 37.50 mm
d. 15 mm

b. 150 mm

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This refers to one, two or more logs which are yarded or swung at one time.
a. Log landing
b. Turn
c. Deck
d. Talaksan

b. Turn

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good grazing system that which obtain sustained productivity from range lands.
a. Implementation is practical
b. Move plant succession toward higher productivity
c. Puddling and erosion will result during grazing
d. Suited to the kind of plant present

c. Puddling and erosion will result during grazing

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The purpose of surveying is to determine the relative location of points on or near the surface of the earth. The location of points is fixed if measurements are made of any of the following except what?
a. Its direction from one point and distance from another
b. Its bearing and azimuth from a known point
c. Its direction from two known points
d. Its distance from two known points

b. Its bearing and azimuth from a known point

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In nursery management, what is the reason for using vegetative propagation?
a. To propagate plants that do not reproduce asexually
b. Faster propagation of species
c. To perpetuate superior traits of mother trees
d. To increase seed supply

c. To perpetuate superior traits of mother trees

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In the establishment of forest nursery there are factors to be considered. Which of the following should not be considered in establishing a forest nursery?
a. There is adequate amount of water supply
b. The soil should be of neutral acidity
c. A perfectly level ground should not be selected over slightly sloping ground
d. The area should be large enough for future expansion

c. A perfectly level ground should not be selected over slightly sloping ground

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The succession of plant communities is made in response to changes in physical site. What kind of succession occur if changes are due to the influence of the organisms themselves on the site?
a. Autogenic succession
b. Allogenic succession
c. Forest succession
d. Primary succession

a. Autogenic succession

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Who are considered de facto resource managers to the forest lands of the country?
a. DENR
b. Timber licenses
c. LGU
d. Communities

d. Communities

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This is a situation where there are too many animals in the range area which adversely affects its carrying capacity.
a. Increased density of undesirable species
b. Overgrazing
c. Compaction of the soil
d. Improved forage crop

b. Overgrazing

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It is an intermediate cutting which when employed involves an outright investment.
a. Climber cutting
b. Fertilization
c. Stand improvement
d. Chemical application

c. Stand improvement

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A one (1) cubic meter of log is equivalent to how many board feet?
a. 244 board feet
b. 442 board feet
c. 424 board feet
d. 250 board feet

c. 424 board feet

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After logging operation in a given set-up, there are logging waste or residues left therein. Which of the following is NOT a logging waste or residues? a. Abandoned logs b. Damaged residuals c. None of it d. Tops and branches

c. None of it

If a 10% inventory will be conducted in a 100 hectare plantation using 0.1 hectare circular plot, what is the size of the sampled area? a. 110.0 hectares b. 11 hectares c. 10 hectares d. 1.0 hectares

c. 10 hectares

What will happen to the seedling if there is a loss of water by transpiration and cannot be replaced immediately? a. Wilting b. Heat injury to the seedling c. Drying up the seedling d. Sun scald appears on the leaves

a. Wilting

The volume of short length and small diameter timber (bolts) or sticks can be measured by talaksan. Given a total eight (8) cubic meters of short length and small diameter timber, how many standard talaksan can you make? a. 6 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

c. 4

It refers to the proper handling and care of livestock in the range. a. Grazing technology b. Pasture lease c. Grazing capacity d. Grazing management

d. Grazing management

What is the part of the seed that contains the reserved food that is being use during germination until it can derive food from the soil through the developed root system? a. Endosperm b. Embryo c. Seed coat d. Body

a. Endosperm

It is a method of hastening germination which requires the cutting of a small portion of the tests to expose a portion of the cotyledon. a. Water treatment b. Scarification c. Nicking d. Floatation

c. Nicking

It is a system of determining the quantity and quality of standing trees and other characteristics of a particular area. a. Reconnaisance survey b. Stand and stock table c. Stand structure d. Forest inventory

d. Forest inventory

Forest plantation development in the country is being implemented as: a. Industrial tree plantation b. Socialize integrated forest management program c. All of it d. Integrated forest management program

c. All of it

This is a type of forest which originated from seeds. a. High-forest b. Even-aged forest c. Uneven-aged forest d. Low-forest

a. High-forest

It is a method of seed treatment that hasten germination where the thorny that is thinned or abraded to facilitate water absorption and permit gaseous exchange. a. Scarification b. Nicking c. Hot water treatment d. Complete removal of the seedcoat

a. Scarification

In the computation of annual allowable cut based on DAO 12, series of 1992, it was found out that the total average volume available for those that can be cut in the 60 cm diameter class is 30 cu. m. What is the volume that can be cut in the 60 cm diameter class as part of the annual allowable cut. a. 15 cu.m. b. 25 cu.m. c. 20 cu.m. d. 30 cu.m.

a. 15 cu.m.

It is the percentage of seeds that germinate plus the percentage of the sound seeds remaining. a. Germinative energy b. Genuineness c. Germinative capacity d. Delayed germination

c. Germinative capacity

There are several firms in the Valenzuela area. What is the market structure if each of the firm influences not only the price of the product but also the sales of the other firms. a. Barter trade b. Pure monopoly c. Free market d. Oligopoly

d. Oligopoly

It is NOT a source of seed for germination. a. Reforestation b. Tree orchard c. Natural stand d. Plantation

a. Reforestation

It refers to the administrative mechanism by which appropriate policies and management strategies in the development of forest resources are implemented. a. Forest organization b. Forest valuation c. Forest growth and yield d. Forest structure

a. Forest organization

For effective stereoviewing, what is the nominal size of photo prints? a. 13 x 13 cm b. 23 x 23 cm c. 10 x 10 cm d. 20 x 20 cm

b. 23 x 23 cm

As a practicing Forester, I engage your services to develop for me a forestry nursery. Which of the following factors will you NOT consider in selecting the site for my nursery? a. Accessibility b. Topography c. Water supply d. Elevation

d. Elevation

What do you call an aerial photographs that are adjacent with each other and which can be viewed in the third dimension? a. Stereoscopic pair b. Sidelap c. Film d. Three-dimension photos

a. Stereoscopic pair

What is the principle that was adapted by the DENR in promoting its Community Based Forest Management Program? a. Phil. Agenda 21 b. Sustainable development c. Selective logging d. Biodiversity

b. Sustainable development

The present trends in improving graze lands is to integrate leguminous forage species into the area. Which of the following species would improve and increase forage production and quality due to high nitrogen content? a. Desmodium intortum b. Leocoena leucocephala c. Centrosema pubescens d. All of these

c. Centrosema pubuscens

What is the present value of a land and timber worth P500,000 if it is liquidated 10 years from now at a discount rate of 10%? a. P50,000.00 b. P5,000.00 c. P174,339.22 d. P192,771.64

d. P192,771.64

A surface run-off is the water flowing on the surface of the soil. What are the sources of a surface run-off? a. Precipitation directly falling on the stream channel b. Overland flow c. Subsurface flow d. All of it

b. All of it

What is the series of segmented lines of known distances and directions in forest survey? a. Bearing of the line b. Offset of the line c. Traverse line d. Base line

c. Traverse line

It is a yarding accessory used to deviate the mainline to avoid injuring marked residuals. a. Log guide b. Rub tree c. Bull block d. Flying dutchman

b. Rub tree

The diameter at breast height (DBH) of a given tree is measured at height of: a. 1.4 meters b. 1.6 meters c. 1.5 meters d. 1.3 meters

d. 1.3 meters

Trees with dbh/dab 15cm to 34.9cm are classified as ______. a. Sapling b. Poletimber c. Reproductions d. Sawtimber

b. Poletimber

Which of the following is a potential consequence of improper timber extraction? a. Uphill skidding is preferred to downhill skidding because logs are easier to control when direction is uphill. b. Less damage to soil, stream and residual. c. Use low-ground-pressure skidders to reduce soil disturbance, rutting, and compaction. d. Failure to deliver all logs for extraction to the log landing.

d. Failure to deliver all logs for extraction to the log landing.

What is the biggest diameter class to be left as part of the marking goal or residual stocking? a. 70 cm dbh b. 50 cm dbh c. 40 cm dbh d. 60 cm dbh

d. 60 cm dbh

What do you call that part of the seed which consists of hypocotyl and a growing tip which will develop into a root at one end and a bud at the other end? a. Embryo b. Cotyledon c. Seed coat d. Endosperm

a. Embryo

Consider the following cash flow of project ABC: Benefit: P0.00 (year 0), P0.00 (year 1), P20,000.00 (year 2), P30,000.00 (year 3), P40,000.00 (year 4), P50,000.00 (year 5) Cost: P30,000.00 (year 0), P15,000.00 (year 1), P15,000.00 (year 2), P15,000.00 (year 3), P15,000.00 (year 4), P15,000.00 (year 5) Discounting factor (12%): 1000 (year 0), 0.893 (year 1), 0.797 (year 2), 0.712 (year 3), 0.636 (year 4), 0.567 (year 5) What is the net present value of the project? a. P 91,090.00 b. P 50,175.00 c. P 7,015.00 d. P 35,001.00

c. P 7,015.00

In what logging system should the direction of fall of trees to be cut be parallel or diagonal to the direction of pull to avoid sweeping action of the logs? a. Truck logging b. Skyline yarding c. Tractor skidding d. Cable yarding

c. Tractor skidding

The diameter growth of a tree occurs in what part of the plant? a. Lateral meristem b. Heartwood c. Shoot apex d. Apical meristem

a. Lateral meristem

It is a silvicultural cutting operations made in a forest stand between the time of development and its harvest. a. Sanitation cutting b. Release cutting c. Salvage cutting d. Intermediate cutting

d. Intermediate cutting

Which of the following species is NOT capable of being planted in reforestation areas as wildlings? a. Agathis alba b. Pentacme contorta c. Parashorea plicata d. Tectona grandis

d. Tectona grandis

These are large, rectangular cages filled with rocks to assist in erosion control. a. Gabion b. Gully c. Terraces d. Scrub

a. Gabion

Which of the following trees is NOT classified according to sizes? a. Veteran b. Intermediate c. Sapling d. Pole

b. Intermediate

How many standard talaksan are there in 8 cubic meter of bolts or sticks? a. 6 b. 4 c. 5 d. 3

b. 4

It is a cost that cannot be assigned easily to the entire operation or to any undertakings that may exert political influence. a. Direct cost b. Indirect cost c. On costs d. Overhead costs

d. Overhead costs

You were aksed to determine the height of a tree. At a horizontal distance of 30 m and using an abney hand level, the following readings were noted, to the top of the tree is -10.5 deg, to the base of the tree is -32.6 deg. What is the height of the tree? a. 13.63 m b. 19.19 m c. 24.75 m d. None of these

a. 13.63 m

It refers to the annual growth of a forest stand divided by the age of the stand. a. Annual net volume b. Annual net increment c. Rotation age d. Annual periodic growth

b. Annual net increment

In young forest stand there are desirable tree species that has past the sapling stage and that it has to be freed from competition of undesirable trees that suppress them. What is that silvicultural activity that should be applied in the stand? a. Reproduction cutting b. Release cutting c. Selection cutting d. Improvement cutting

b. Release cutting

Under Philippines conditions, which of the following species is not considered for sawn wood production in plantation? a. Albizzia falcataria b. Gmelina arborea c. Albizzia lebbekoides d. Eucalyptus deglupta

c. Albizzia lebbekoides

The increase of growth of a tree is call increment. This is the increase of growth in: a. Number of trees in the stand b. Number of trees per hectare c. Diameter of a tree d. Volume of a tree

c. Diameter of a tree

What silvicultural system is applied to a pine forest. a. Seed tree method b. Coppice c. Clearcutting d. Shelterwood

a. Seed tree method

In what zone within the NIPAS area where CBFM cannot be implemented? a. Multiple-use zone b. Buffer zone c. Protected zone d. Production zone

c. Protected zone

What type of thinning involves when the removal of trees in the upper portion/classes is required? a. Salvage cutting b. Low thinning c. Partial thinning d. Crown thinning

d. Crown thinning

What do we have if the total overhead cost, depreciation, and margin exceeds the estimated gross annual surplus in forest stumpage appraisal? a. Negative stumpage values b. Stumpage values c. Margin for profit and risks d. Appraisal values

a. Negative stumpage values

In forest management planning which of the following steps must be accomplished first in order to come up with an implementable and logical plan for the forest management unit. a. Site assessment and appraisal b. Management strategy analysis and implementation c. Formulation of management goals and objectives d. Management strategy identification

a. Site assessment and appraisal

Which of the following elements affects the physical components of rangeland? a. Topographic and vegetative elements b. Vegetative and chemical elements c. Climatic and edaphic elements d. Location and topographic elements

c. Climatic and edaphic elements

What is the effect of infrequent light grazing? a. High pH b. Low forage production c. High fertility d. High forage production

b. Low forage production

It is the proper handling and care of livestock in the range. a. Grassland use b. Grazing management c. Grazing capacity d. Pasture lease

b. Grazing management

Critical watersheds are usually declared watershed reservation. Which of the following uses are not allowed in such watershed? a. Logging b. Settlement c. Cattle ranching d. All of it

d. All of it

There are factors that affects forest valuation. Which of the following does NOT affect forest valuation? a. Market value of products b. Management strategy c. Soil expectation value d. Site quality

c. Soil expectation value

What are the factor that greatly affect the volume attained by a plantation stand ay any give age? a. Genetics and cultural species b. All of these c. Species composition d. Stand density

b. All of these

In timber inventory logs refer to: a. Length of standing tree b. 5-meter log c. A felled tree d. A standing tree

b. 5-meter log

An investor would like to recapture his initial investment. What do you call the number of years required to recapture said investment? a. Rotation b. Age c. Payback period d. Cutting cyle

c. Payback period

It is the price paid by a buyer of standing tree that will be cut and removed/hauled by him. a. Contract price b. Interest value c. Depreciation value d. Stumpage value

d. Stumpage value

The productivity, sustainability and ecological stability of rangeland is determine through physical processes. Which of the following relationship is the most applicable in the process? a. Soil-topography-weather relationships b. Soil-vegetation-topography relationship c. Soil-vegetation-climate relationship d. Soil-plant-water relationship

d. Soil-plant-water relationship

ABC company is a holder of IFMA/ITP where it planted Gmelina and Falcata over an area 2,000 hectares with a spacing of 4 meter by 4 meters. Over the 2,000 hectares the re are 1,250,000 trees ready for harvest. The CENRO conducted an inventory of the planted species and in the process observed that there are about 1,000 Gmelina and Falcata trees found not along the strip that would satisfy the spacing of 4m x 4m and should be considered as naturally growing trees and not planted and therefore, authority to cut the 1,000 trees should be sanctioned and approved by the Secretary. Is the CENROs position justified? a. No, because the 1,000 trees that are found in between the planted trees are mother trees. b. No, because the 1,000 trees should be allowed to be cut by the CENRO because the policy on naturally occurring trees. c. Yes, because the 1,000 trees that were not planted and growing naturally in between the planted trees are mother trees and must be maintained as such. d. Yes, the authority to cut should be approved by the Secretary, because the 1,000 trees were not planted by ABC company but rather growing naturally in the area.

b. No, because the 1,000 trees should be allowed to be cut by the CENRO because the policy on naturally occurring trees.

The effect of heavy grazing in the forage production is: a. Low fertility b. High forage production c. Low pH d. Low forage production

d. Low forage production

If P10,000.00 is invested in a Savings and Loan Association that pays 6% interest compounded annually, how much would this be at the end of the 10th year? a. P17,908.00 b. P1,790.80 c. P6,000.00 d. P60,000.00

a. P17,908.00

It is an enclosed tract of grazing land. a. Cattle range b. Homestead c. Pasture d. Livestock area

c. Pasture

It is a price at which a good or services is actually exchanged for another good or service for money. a. Total price b. Average price c. Market price d. Financial price

c. Market price

It is a field in forestry which primarily concerned with the application of the tools analyzing the problems of production; demand and supply. a. Forest inventory b. Forest economics c. Forest mensuration d. Forest finance

b. Forest economics

it is the pre-determined number of young sound trees marked to be left per unit area before logging operation. a. Inventory target b. Allowable cut c. Marketing goal d. Residuals

c. Marketing goal

It is a forest stand established for seed production purposes which are composed of trees known to be of good genotypes. a. Seed orchard b. Residual stands c. Production forest d. Seed production area

d. Seed production area

What are those open grasslands where shrubs and trees may occur in varying degree of abundance? a. Savannah b. Denuded areas c. Cogonal areas d. Reforested areas

a. Savannah

If a 20 centimeter diameter rain gauge was able to collect 4,084.08 cubic meters of rain, what is the depth of the rainfall? a. 32.5 cm b. 130.0 cm c. 32.2 cm d. 13.0 cm

d. 13.0 cm

The price paid for the use of the capital is called. a. Risk b. Surcharge c. Inflation d. Interest

d. Interest

Timber harvesting based on a silvicultural type of management can be classified as clear cutting and selection cutting. What is the relative advantage of clear cutting over that of selection cutting? a. Lower cost of reforestation b. Logging cost is lower and facilitates reforestation c. Provides continuous forest cover of soil and water resources d. Shortens stand rotations

b. Logging cost is lower and facilitates reforestation

It is the proper handling and care of the livestock in the range. a. Grazing technology b. Grazing management c. Grazing capacity d. Pasture lease

b. Grazing management

When one conduct thinning operation in a forest plantation, what silvicultural objective is being satisfied? a. Control of rotation length b. Control of species competition c. Control of stand density d. Facilitating harvest

c. Control of stand density

It is a market situation where a few buyer exerts a disproportionate influence in the market. a. Monopoly b. Pure competition c. Oligopoly d. Oligopsony

d. Oligopsony

It is a period of years required to establish and grow timber crops to a specified condition of maturity. a. Financial maturity b. Cutting cycle c. Allowable cut d. Rotation

d. Rotation

Forest growth and yield are components of forest management. Which of the following is considered components of stand growth? a. Age and species b. Forest density c. Accretion and ingrowth d. Site quality

c. Accretion and ingrowth