2017 FLE Refresher Flashcards by Clyde Louise Arbilo

Occurs on the inland edge of the mangrove forest and tidal limit of estuaries dominated by distinct palm Nypa fruticans.
a. Freshwater swamp forest
b. Beach forest
c. Brackish forest
d. Mangrove forest
e. No answer

d. Mangrove Forest

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The boundary between two ecosystems is called.
a. Ecotone
b. Site boundary
c. Site index
d. Site location

a. Ecotone

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A group of individuals that can mate with one another but not with members of other groups.
a. Family
b. Genus
c. Species
d. Genera
e. Order

c. Species

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The organic matter, which has reached the stage of decomposition, whereby its constituents are no longer distinguishable is called.
a. Litter
b. Duff
c. Humus
d. A horizon

c. Humus

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A term to denote cold-blooded animals.
a. Ectoderm
b. Ectothermic
c. Endothermic
d. Ecdysis
e. Ecclesial

b. Ectothermic

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It is an ecosystem whose main objectives is the production of usable water supply.
a. Agro ecosystem
b. Rangeland ecosystem
c. Marine ecosystem
d. Watershed ecosystem

d. Watershed ecosystem

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Which of the following is critically endangered animals in the Philippines based on DENR DAO 2004-15.
a. Crocodylus mindorensis
b. Pithecophaga jefferyi
c. Bubalus mindorensis
d. Dugong dugon
e. All of the above

e. All of the above

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This is a type of forest generally found in a humid warm region characterized by a considerable number of evergreen hardwoods, with many lianas and epiphytes.
a. Mossy forest
b. Rain forest
c. High forest
d. Dipterocarp forest

b. Rain forest

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A Critically Endangered plant in the Philippines base on DAO DENR-2007-1.
a. Tristaniopsis decorticata
b. Reutealis trisperma
c. Toona calantas
d. Diospyros blancoi
e. All of the above

e. All of the above

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The establishment of a forest on a previously forested area is called.
a. Forestation
b. Afforestation
c. Reforestation
d. Tree farming

c. Reforestation

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Which of the following is an example of a 2:1 expanding type of silicate clay?
a. Montmorillonite
b. Kaolinite
c. Chlorite
d. Muscovite

a. Montmorillonite

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Supplementing inadequately stocked residual forest to enhance productivity is termed.
a. Regeneration
b. Forestation
c. Enrichment planting
d. None of the above

c. Enrichment planting

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Which of the following colloids could have the highest CEC?
a. Montmorillonite
b. Allophanes
c. Kaolinite
d. Humus

d. Humus

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The branch of ecology which deals with the study of the life history and general characteristics of trees with particular reference to environmental factors.
a. Silviculture
b. Tree morphology
c. Silvics
d. Tree culture

c. Silvics

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A plant which by its presence in particular site indicates the characteristics of the area.
a. Plant indicator
b. Site index
c. Soil indicator
d. Plant sample

a. Plant indicator

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The 2:1 non-expanding type of clay does not expand due to the presence of what element in between its crystal structures?
a. Sodium
b. Magnesium
c. Potassium
d. Oxygen

c. Potassium

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Species whose loss from an ecosystem would cause greater than average change in other species, populations and ecosystem processes.
a. Feeding guild
b. Food web
c. Keystone species
d. Guild

c. Keystone species

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Which of the following is not a component of exchangeable bases?
a. Na
b. Ca
c. Mg
d. Al

d. Al

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Unique and restricted only to a particular area and found nowhere else country, region, island, or mountain.
a. Native
b. Endemic
c. Exotic
d. Indigenous

b. Endemic

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The weathering of the saltpeter increases the availability of what particular element needed by plants?
a. Sodium
b. Chloride
c. Nitrogen
d. Phosphorus

c. Nitrogen

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An organism, species, or community that shows the presence of specific environmental conditions.
a. Marginal species
b. Indicator species
c. Ecosystem
d. Emergent species

b. Indicator species

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Azobacter spp. are capable of what?
a. Aerobic nonsymbiotic fixation
b. Anaerobic symbiotic fixation
c. Both of the above
d. Neither a nor b

a. Aerobic nonsymbiotic fixation

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Wild forms and varieties of flora and fauna, in all developmental stages, including those, which are in captivity are being bred or propagated.
a. Wild flora
b. Wildlife
c. Wild species
d. Wild animals

b. Wildlife

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Rectangular wire cages filled with rocks used for slope stabilization.
a. Riprap
b. Gabions
c. Retaining wall
d. Spraycrete

b. Gabions

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Prescribing guidelines and establishing a regulatory framework for the prospecting of biological and genetic resources, theyre by product and derivatives, for scientific and commercial purposes; and for other purposes. a. Republic Act no. 7586 b. DENR Administrative Order (DAO) No. 2004-15 c. Executive Order No, 247 d. DENR-DAO 2007-1

c. Executive Order No. 247

The symbiotic association between roots and algae. a. Lichens b. Rhizome c. Mycorrhiza d. Mycelium

c. Mycorrhiza

The change in form of insects as they grow from immature to the adult stage. a. Instar b. Metamorphosis c. Stadium d. Exuvia

b. Metamorphosis

The typical symptom exhibit by plants when soil is lacking Nitrogen. a. Lodging b. Yellowing c. Curling d. Dieback

b. Yellowing

The term for the shedding of cuticle in insects. a. Sclerotization b. Tagmosis c. Ecdysis d. Apolysis

c. Ecdysis

The systematic examination, description, classification, and mapping of soils in an area. a. Soil classification b. Soil survey c. Soil management d. Geodetic survey

b. Soil survey

The term for the aquatic immature stage of hemimetabolous insects. a. Young b. Nymph c. Naiad d. Larva

c. Naiad

It is the formation of fruits without fertilization and seed development. a. Vernalization b. Parthenogenesis c. Parthenocarpy d. Hibernation

c. Parthenocarpy

The evolutionary process by which organisms like insects adjust and fit to the changes in the environment. a. Evolution b. Natural selection c. Adaptation d. None of the above

c. Adaptation

These are the green pigments capable of absorbing light and are involved in photosynthesis. a. Chromatids b. Chloroplasts c. Chromosomes d. Chlorophylls

d. Chlorophylls

A term referring specifically to insects that are internal parasites of other insects and require only one host to complete the life cycle; eventually kill the host upon emergence to adult. a. Endoparasite b. Ectoparasite c. Parasitoid d. Predator

c. Parasitoid

It tremendously increases the absorbing surface of the cells of the root. a. Root cap b. Rhizoid c. Rhizome d. Root hair

d. Root hair

It refers to the reoccurrence of pest problem or outbreak due to the development of insect resistance to insecticides. a. Pest epidemic b. Pest Dispersal c. Pest resurgence d. Pest invasion

c. Pest resurgence

Microscopic openings in the epidermal surface of a leaf. a. Stomata b. Guard cells c. Pit holes d. Aperture

a. Stomata

The insect order of Ips calligraphus, a wood-boring pest of pine tree. a. Lepidoptera b. Coleoptera c. Dermaptera d. Hemiptera

b. Coleoptera

A growth regulator that promotes cell elongation among other effects. a. ATP b. Auxin c. DBP d. ADP

a. ATP

Progressive change of cell in the course of development. a. Differentiation b. Absorption c. Assimilation d. Reproduction

a. Differentiation

The type of development of Mahogany Shoot Borer, Hypsipyla robusta. a. Paurometabola b. Hemimetabola c. Holometabola d. Ametabola

c. Holometabola

The penetration which takes place when nutrients and water enter the plant coat is called. a. Absorption b. Oxidation c. Adsorption d. None of the above

a. Absorption

The endopterygote insect order with hindwings very much reduced or knob-like, termed as haltere a. Lepidoptera b. Coleoptera c. Diptera d. Dermaptera

c. Diptera

The powerhouse of the cell. a. Ribosomes b. Centrosomes c. Chromosomes d. Mitochondria

d. Mitochondria

The coconut scale insect currently damaging and killing many coconut trees in Laguna and part of Quezon belong to this insect Order. a. Orthoptera b. Diptera c. Neuroptera d. Hemiptera

d. Hemiptera

Diameter growth occurs at the. a. Phloem b. Shoot apex c. Lateral meristem d. Apical meristem

c. Lateral meristem

A group of genetically similar plants derived asexually from a single individual. a. Clones b. Zygote c. Mutant d. Relative

a. Clones

The phenomenon in which plants turn to the direction of the direction of the source of light is referred to as. a. Periodicity b. Geotropism c. Photosynthesis d. Phototropism

d. Phototropism

The study of variation and inheritance in forest trees. a. Genetics b. Forest genetics c. Forest tree improvement d. Phenotype

b. Forest genetics

States that the number of species on a given island is regulated by the balance between immigration of new species and extinction of species. a. Ecological divergence b. Ecological convergence c. Equilibrium theory of island biogeography d. None of the above

c. Equilibrium theory of island biogeography

A branch of forestry that deals with the detailed descriptions of plants and/or trees from the subterranean portion of the reproductive organs. a. Tree morphology b. Taxonomy c. Dendrology d. Cytology

a. Tree morphology

Seventeen nations collectively claim within their borders more than two-thirds of the Earths biological resources. a. Hotspot b. Megadiversity countries c. Biome d. Malesia

b. Megadiversity countries

Which of the following is the purpose of seed zone? a. Basis for rational sampling for provenance trials b. Guide for transferring seeds for national planting programs c. Guide in establishing maximum geographic limits d. All of the above

c. Guide in establishing maximum geographic limits

In many grass species, these are slender roots usually of different sizes. a. Fascicled roots b. Fleshy roots c. Taproots d. Fibrous roots

d. Fibrous roots

The physical expression of a trait in an individual, resulting from a developmental interaction of the individualss genotype and its movement. a. Genotype b. Genome c. Phenotype d. Provenance

c. Phenotype

Trees that do not shed their leaves and persist throughout the year. a. Evergreen b. Fugacious c. Persistent d. Deciduous e. Exotic

a. Evergreen

Natural stands or plantations consisting of phenotypically superior trees that are managed as immediate sources of quality seeds for operational planting. a. Clonal seed orchard b. Seed production area c. Seedling seed orchard d. Seed zone

b. Seed production area

A type of leaf arrangement where cluster of leaves arise from the same point of the node. a. Spiral b. Whorl c. Fascicled d. Opposite d. Alternate

c. Fascicled

These are well-planned and managed plantations for producing large quantities of genetically improved seeds in the cheapest and fastest manner. a. Seed production area b. Seed orchards c. Seed zones d. All of the above

b. Seed orchards

A condition in floral biology where staminate and pistillate flowers are borne on the same individual although frequently on different branches. a. Dioecy b. Dichogamy c. Monoecy d. Perfection

c. Monoecy

A buffer zone completely surrounding a Seed Production Area to reduce pollen contaminants from outside. a. Seed zone b. Pollen dillution zone c. Contact zone d. Sterilization zone

b. Pollen dillution zone

BIological term for plants whose flowres are pollinated by insects. a. Anemophilous b. Hydrophilous c. Ornitophilous d. Entomophilous

d. Entomophilous

That part of precipitation which returns to the atmosphere in the form of vapor from the soil and water surface and from object, including vegetation. a. Evaporation b. Evapotranspiration c. Transpiration d. None of the above

b. Evapotranspiration

The tendency of progenies to be like their parent brought about by the environment and interaction of heritable factors. a. Variation b. Heredity c. Segregation d. Individual assortment

b. Heredity

The collective term for stamens. a. Androecium b. Corolla c. Calyx d. Gynoecium

a. Androecium

Technical term for the stalk of the leaf. a. Veins b. Petiolule c. Petiole d. Midrib

b. Petiolule

The main axis of a pinnately compound leaf. a. Pulvinus b. Petiolule c. Midrib d. Rachis

d. Rachis

Intsia bijuga has a leaf composition described as. a. Bijugate b. Simple jugate c. Even pinnate d. Once jugate

a. Bijugate

Shorea contorta has this type of bark. a. Flaky b. Smooth c. Postulated d. Ridged

c. Postulated

The National tree of the Philippine Republic is. a. Vitex parviflora b. Tectona philippinensis c. Shorea guiso d. Ptecarpus indicus e. Diptercarpus grandiflorus

d. Pterocarpus indicus

Trees that do not shed their leaves and persist throughout the year. a. Evergreen b. Fugacious c. Persistent d. Deciduous

a. Evergreen

A type of leaf arrangement where cluster of leaves arise from the same point on the node. a. Whorl b. Fascicled c. Opposite d. Alternate

c. Fascicled

A term to characterize leaf surface that is covered with short hairs. a. Lepidote b. Pubescent c. Uncinated d. Viscid e. Scabrid

b. Pubescent

A term to describe leaves where the margins are rolled backwards upon under surface. a. Entire b. Repand c. Sinuate d. Crenate e. Revolute

e. Revolute

The flowering of older branch is called. a. Cauliflory b. Topophysis c. Ramiflory d. None of the above

c. Ramiflory

There are two known pine species in the Philippines, the Benguet pine and Mindoro pine. The leaves of the former are characterized by: a. 2 needles per fascicle b. 4 needles per fascicle c. Single needle per fascicle d. 3 needles per fascicle

d. 3 needles fascicle

The branch of ecology that deals with the study of a single organism. a. Synecology b. Autecology c. Succession d. None of the above

b. Autecology

When one of the two trees died because of toxic substance the other gives off, it is called. a. Competition b. Allelopathy c. Saprophytic d. Parasitic

b. Allelopathy

The forest ecosystem embraces: a. Only living things b. Only the non-living things c. All living and non-living things d. All plants and animals

c. All living and non-living things

A type of ecosystem dominated by grasses and interspersed with some tree species: a. Savannah b. Ecotone c. Coastal zone d. Buffer zone

a. Savannah

The tallest grass in the world is: a. Cogon b. Talahib c. Tukod langit d. Bamboo

d. Bamboo

Alkaline forest soils have a pH value of: a. Equal to 7 b. Less than 7 c. More than 7 d. None of the above

c. More than 7

It is an orderly process of community development that involves changes in species structures with time. a. Invasion b. Pioneer stage c. Ecological succession d. Development stage

c. Ecological succession

The dry weight of all organic matter in a given ecosystem. a. Canopy b. Biomass c. Litter d. Humus

b. Biomass

It is the replacement of a community by another community. a. Succession b. Regeneration c. Reproduction d. Diffusion

a. Succession

Plants found in dry places are called: a. Mesophytes b. Hydrophytes c. Xerophytes d. Epiphytes

c. Xerophytes

A relationship whereby one species derives benefits while the other is unaffected is termed: a. Amensalism b. Commensalism c. Melanism d. Anabolism

b. Commensalism

A plant that grows where it is not wanted is called: a. Pioneer b. Wildling c. Weed d. Miscellaneous

c. Weed

Liebigs Law of the Minimum states that of all the essential factors, the one most approaching the critical minimum is the: a. Compensating factor b. Form factor c. Limiting factor d. Minimum factor

c. Limiting factor

It is the study of change in the distribution and abundance of the population through space and time: a. Population dynamics b. Population processes c. Environmental properties d. Environmental resistance

a. Population dynamics

The grass introduced in the Philippines from India, which is best controlling soil erosion. a. Kudzu b. Bagokbok c. Vetiver d. Cogon

c. Vetiver

Not included in the three levels of biodiversity: a. Species b. Ecosystem c. Genetic d. Niche

d. Niche

This is a graphical representation of the number of species found in sampling areas with various sizes and the purposes of which is to know the smallest area, which contains the characteristic species composition of the plant community. a. Sigmoid plots b. J curve c. Sampling plot d. Species area curve

d. Species area curve

It indicates aging of an ecosystem, i.e. lake ecosystem due to rapid accumulation of organic materials. a. Deterioration b. Siltation c. Fragmentation d. Eutrophication

d. Eutrophication

Seed source is also known as: a. Germplasm b. Provenance c. Genebank d. Symbiosis

a. Germplasm

It involves separation of population by a geographical barrier such as a water body. a. Genetic drift b. Allopatric speciation c. Sympatric speciation d. Natural selection

b. Allopatric speciation

It is a general term to denote species, which is endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, or insufficiently known. a. Threatened species b. Endangered species c. Rare species d. Extinct

a. Threatened species

It implies the survival of the fittest and the elimination of the unfit. a. Dominance b. Natural selection c. Natural succession d. Predation

d. Predation

The transfer of food energy from the source, in plants, through herbivores to carnivores occurs through: a. Food chain b. Habitat c. Functional niche d. Trophic level

a. Food chain