Föreläsningar del 8 Flashcards
Flashcard 1: Q: What is the purpose of PERT and CPM in project management?
A: PERT and CPM are used to plan, schedule, and control projects by scheduling individual activities and managing dependencies between them.
Flashcard 2: Q: In project scheduling what do the arcs in a network represent?
A: The arcs in a network reflect the precedence relationships of the activities, showing which activities must be completed before others can begin.
Flashcard 3: Q: How is the overall project completion time typically modeled in PERT/CPM?
A: The overall project completion time is assumed to have a normal distribution, with the mean equal to the sum of the means along the critical path and the variance equal to the sum of the variances along the critical path.
Flashcard 4: Q: What is the focus of scheduling in operations management?
A: Scheduling focuses on the assignment of start and completion times to jobs, people, or equipment across all aspects of a value chain.
Flashcard 5: Q: What is the goal of staff scheduling in an organization?
A: The goal of staff scheduling is to match available personnel with the organization’s needs.
Flashcard 6: Q: How does appointment scheduling help service industries?
A: Appointment scheduling helps maximize the use of time-dependent service capacity, reduce the risk of no-shows, and minimize idle time for service providers.
Flashcard 7: Q: What are the benefits of appointment scheduling for service providers?
A: Appointment scheduling reduces service providers’ idle time, lowers the cost of providing services, and helps accommodate customers while forecasting their behavior.
Flashcard 1: Q: What is sequencing in operations management?
A: Sequencing is the determination of the order in which jobs or tasks are processed to improve capacity utilization and resource efficiency.
Flashcard 2: Q: What is the significance of a short makespan in sequencing?
A: A short makespan helps achieve high equipment utilization and resource efficiency by getting all jobs completed quickly.
Flashcard 3: Q: What is the difference between lateness and tardiness in due-date criteria?
A: Lateness is the difference between the completion time and the due date, while tardiness is the amount of time by which the completion time exceeds the due date.
Flashcard 4: Q: What is First Come First Served (FCFS) in sequencing?
A: FCFS is a sequencing rule that processes jobs in the order they arrive, with no priority given to job characteristics.
Flashcard 5: Q: What is Johnson’s Rule used for in sequencing?
A: Johnson’s Rule is used for sequencing jobs in a two-process system to minimize the makespan.
Flashcard 6: Q: How does Shortest Processing Time (SPT) help in prioritizing jobs?
A: SPT minimizes average flow time, work-in-progress inventory, and maximizes resource utilization by processing jobs with the shortest processing time first.
Flashcard 7: Q: What is the Least Work Remaining (LWR) rule?
A: LWR prioritizes jobs based on the sum of all remaining processing times for operations that have not yet been performed.
Flashcard 8: Q: What is the Clarke-Wright heuristic method used for in vehicle routing?
A: The Clarke-Wright heuristic method is used to combine customers into longer routes to reduce travel time and remain within capacity restrictions.
Flashcard 9: Q: What are the four key characteristics of a queuing system?
A: The four key characteristics are the manner of customer arrival, the time required for service, the priority of service, and the number/configuration of servers.
Flashcard 10: Q: How is the arrival process in a queuing system typically modeled?
A: The arrival process is often modeled as a Poisson process, which assumes random, discrete arrivals.
