Föreläsningar del 10 Flashcards
Flashcard 6: Q: Why is schedule monitoring and control important?
A: It is necessary in rapidly changing scheduling environments, especially in service and goods manufacturing industries, to ensure the timely completion of tasks.
Flashcard 7: Q: What does the “M” represent in queuing process symbols?
A: “M” stands for Markov distributions, which are used to describe the arrival or service process in queuing theory.
Flashcard 8: Q: What does the “D” represent in queuing process symbols?
A: “D” stands for deterministic (constant) distributions, where events occur at a constant rate.
Flashcard 9: Q: What does the “G” represent in queuing process symbols?
A: “G” stands for general distribution, which describes processes with known mean and variance but not a specific distribution type.
Flashcard 10: Q: What is the formula for calculating the average time between arrivals in queuing theory?
A: The average time between arrivals is given by 1/λ, where λ is the arrival rate.
Flashcard 11: Q: What is the formula for calculating average service time in queuing theory?
A: The average service time is given by 1/μ, where μ is the service rate.
Flashcard 12: Q: What does Little’s Law relate in queuing systems?
A: Little’s Law relates the average number of units in the system (L), the arrival rate (λ), and the average time spent in the system (W): L = λW.
What does little flow equations mean
For nearly all queuing systems there is a relationship between the average time a unit spends in the system or queue and the average number of units in the system or queue. These relationships are called Little’s flow equations. L-⋋W and Lq=⋋Wq
Flashcard 1: Q: What does lean thinking focus on?
A: Lean thinking focuses on the elimination of waste in all forms, smooth and efficient flow of materials and information, faster customer response, higher quality, and lower costs.
Flashcard 2: Q: What is the goal of eliminating waste in lean management?
A: The goal is to remove activities that don’t add value and support processes, streamlining operations to improve efficiency.
Flashcard 3: Q: What are the key principles of lean operating systems?
A: The key principles are the elimination of waste, increased speed and response, improved quality, and reduced cost.
Flashcard 4: Q: What does the “5S” principle stand for in lean management?
A: Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain.
Flashcard 5: Q: What is the purpose of visual controls in lean management?
A: Visual controls are indicators for operating activities placed in plain sight to help employees understand the status and performance of the work system quickly and easily. They are known as andon.
Flashcard 6: Q: What is SMED (Single Minute Exchange of Dies)?
A: SMED is a method to quickly set up or changeover tooling and fixtures in processes, enabling the production of multiple products in smaller batches and allowing for more frequent changeovers.
Flashcard 7: Q: What is single-piece flow in lean production?
A: Single-piece flow is a concept where ideally, products move through production one at a time, requiring the ability to change between products quickly and inexpensively.
Flashcard 8: Q: What is Total Productive Maintenance (TPM)?
A: TPM focuses on maximizing equipment effectiveness, eliminating unplanned downtime, and improving equipment operations through worker involvement.
Flashcard 9: Q: How does Lean Six Sigma differ from traditional lean tools?
A: Lean Six Sigma combines the best practices from both lean and Six Sigma, focusing on customer requirements, real dollar savings, and using process and data analysis techniques to reduce errors and improve efficiency.
Flashcard 10: Q: How do Lean and Six Sigma differ in their focus?
A: Lean addresses visible problems in processes by reducing waste and improving flow, while Six Sigma focuses on reducing errors and defects, often in less visible aspects.
Flashcard 11: Q: What is the key difference between a push system and a pull system in manufacturing?
A: A push system produces goods based on forecasted demand, while a pull system allows workers to withdraw parts from preceding workstations as needed.
Flashcard 12: Q: What role do Kanban cards play in Just-in-Time systems?
A: Kanban cards are used as simple visual controls to circulate within the system and initiate the withdrawal and production of items through the production process.
Flashcard 13: Q: What are the benefits of Just-in-Time systems?
A: Just-in-Time systems help firms reduce order cycle time, office space requirements, inventory investments, and increase productivity and profits.
Flashcard 14: Q: What is a potential drawback of implementing lean techniques?
A: Lean techniques can be detrimental to customer services that rely on human interactions, as they focus heavily on efficiency and process standardization
