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Anatomy - Upper Limb > ForeArm 3 > Flashcards

ForeArm 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Flexor Retinaculum definition

A

thickened band of deep fascia which crosses carpus and converts anterior concavity of carpal arch into carpal tunnel

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2
Q

Flexor Retinaculum attachments - medial & lateral

A

medial - pisiform and hook of hamete
lateral - splits into 2 laminae
superficial laminae- tubercle of scaphoid & crest of trapezium
deep- groove on trapezium

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3
Q

The groove of the trapezium forms

A

a special tunnel for tendon of flexor capri radialis and its synovial sheath

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4
Q

Flexor Retinaculum attachments - below & above

A

below - deep fascia of palm of hand especially palmar aponeurosis

above - deep fascia of forearm

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5
Q

Structures passing superficial to Flexor Retinaculum

A
  1. Ulnar Nerve
  2. Ulnar Artery
  3. Palmar Cutaneous Branch of Ulnar Nerve
  4. Tendon of Palmaris Longus
  5. Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve
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6
Q

Structures passing deep to Flexor Retinaculum - in carpal tunnel

A 
1. In Carpal Tunnel:
A. 9 tendons in 3 flexor muscles
i. 4 in flexor digitorum superficialis
ii. 4 of flexor digitorum profundus
iii. 1 of flexor pollices longus
B. 2 Synovial Sheaths : Ulnar & Radial Bursae
C. 1 Nerve : Median Nerve
D. Branch of Deep Palmar Arch
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7
Q

Structures passing deep to Flexor Retinaculum - in special tunnel

A

tendon of flexor carpi radialis & its synovial sheath

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8
Q

Muscles attached to anterior surface of Flexor Retinaculum

A

Lateral: Thenar muscles
Medial: Hypothenar muscles
Middle: Tendon of palmaris longus

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9
Q

Carpal Tunnel Boundaries

A

Sides & Floor - carpal bones forming bony carpal arch

Roof - flexor retinaculum

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10
Q

Contents of Carpal Tunnel

A 
A. 9 tendons in 3 flexor muscles
i. 4 in flexor digitorum superficialis
ii. 4 of flexor digitorum profundus
iii. 1 of flexor pollices longus
B. 2 Synovial Sheaths : Ulnar & Radial Bursae
C. 1 Nerve : Median Nerve
D. Branch of Deep Palmar Arch

tendon of flexor carpi radialis & its synovial sheath

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11
Q

Clinical Importance of Carpal Tunnel

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome is compression of the median nerve passing through the carpal tunnel
This is caused by:
inflammation of synovial sheath of flexor tendons
arthritic changes of intercarpal joints
dislocation of lunate bone
accumulation of fluid as blood or pus in carpal tunnel

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12
Q

extensor retinaculum definition

A

band of deep fascia of forearm which extends to back of wrist

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13
Q

extensor retinaculum attachment

A

lateral: lower end of radius
medial: triquetral and pisiform bone

as it crosses back of wrist, it is attached to ridges on radius by fibrous septa which divide the space deep to it into 6 compartments

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14
Q

First compartment deep to the extensor retinaculum
the most ______
lies on
has tendons of

A

The most lateral
lies on groove on radius
abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis

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15
Q

Second compartment deep to the extensor retinaculum
lies on
has tendons of

A

lies on groove on radius

extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis

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16
Q

Third compartment deep to the extensor retinaculum
lies on
has tendons of

A

lies on groove on radius

extensor pollicis longus

17
Q

Fourth compartment deep to the extensor retinaculum
lies on
has tendons of

A

lies on most medial part of radius

4 tendons of extensor digitorum, 1 of extensor indicis, posterior interosseous nerve and anterior interosseous artery

18
Q

Fifth compartment deep to the extensor retinaculum
lies on
has tendons of

A

lies on back of radio-ulnar joint

extensor digiti minimi

19
Q

Sixth compartment deep to the extensor retinaculum
lies on
has tendons of

A

lies on groove of ulna

extensor carpi ulnaris

20
Q

relations of retinaculum

A

lateral- crossed by end of superficial radial nerve and lower part of cephalic vein
medial - crossed by dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve and beginning of basilic vein

21
Q

radial artery beginning

A

in cubital fossa, right below elbow joint as the smaller of 2 terminal branches of the brachial artery

22
Q

radial artery - course & end

A

forearm - descends to reach wrist

wrist - winds backward passing through anatomical snuff box to reach dorsum of hand

23
Q

radial artery branches

A
  1. radial recurrent artery - shares in anastomosis around elbow joint
  2. muscular branches - supply muscles on radial side
  3. anterior carpal artery
  4. superficial palmar artery
24
Q

anterior carpal artery branch of radial artery anastomoses with

A

anterior carpal branch of ulnar artery to form the anterior carpal arch

25
Q

superficial palmar artery forms

A

superficial palmar arch w/ ulnar artery

26
Q

ulnar artery beginning

A

cubital fossa below elbow as it is the larger of the 2 terminal branches of the brachial artery

27
Q

course of ulnar artery

A

upper 1/3 of forearm - runs downward and medially
upper 2/3 of forearm - descends to reach wrist
at wrist - descends superficial to flexor retinaculum, lateral to ulnar nerve and pisiform bone and medial to hook of hamate.

ends in hand by becoming superficial palmar arch

28
Q

branches of ulnar artery near the elbow

A
  1. anterior ulnar recurrent artery - take share of anastomosis around elbow
  2. posterior ulnar recurrent artery - same as above
  3. common interosseous artery - divides into 2 in interosseous membrane
29
Q

common interosseous artery divisions

A
  1. anterior interosseous artery - descends interosseous membrane
  2. posterior interosseous artery - reaches back of forearm
30
Q

branches of ulnar nerve in the forearm

A

gives muscular branches

31
Q

branches of ulnar nerve in the wrist

A

anterior carpal artery - anastomoses with anterior carpal branch of radial artery to form anterior carpal arch
posterior carpal artery - anastomoses with posterior carpal branch of radial artery to form posterior carpal arch

Anatomy - Upper Limb (17 decks)

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