Arm Flashcards

1
Q

Brachial Fascia forms

A

a sheath for muscles of the arm.

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2
Q

Brachial Fascia sends among the muscles

A

two fibrous septa

  • lateral intermuscular septa
  • medial intermuscular septa
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3
Q

Functions of 2 septa

A

separates flexor muscles (anterior group) from extensor muscles (posterior group)
provides additional surfaces for muscle attachment

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4
Q

Lateral intermuscular septum is attached to

A

humerus lateral border, lateral supra-condylar ridge down to lateral epicondyle

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5
Q

medial intermuscular septum is attached to

A

thick and attached to humerus medial border and medial supra-condylar ridge down to medial epicondyle

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6
Q

Anterior/ventral/flexor muscles

A

biceps brachii
coraco-brachialis
brachialis muscle

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7
Q

biceps brachii muscle origin

A

2 heads
short- tip of coracoid process on scapula
long - supra glenoid tubercle of scapula

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8
Q

biceps brachii insertion

A

2 head unite to be inserted by:
bicipital tendon: into radial tuberosity
bicipital aponeurosis: into cubital fossa

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9
Q

action of biceps brachii

A
  1. powerful supinator when elbow is flexed
  2. flexes elbow
  3. tendon of long head steadies humerus
  4. short head helps in flexion of shoulder joint
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10
Q

coraco-brachialis muscle origin

A

coracoid process (like short head of biceps)

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11
Q

coraco-brachialis insertion

A

rough impression on shaft of humerus

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12
Q

coraco-brachialis action

A

assists in flexion and adduction of shoulder joint

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13
Q

relations of coraco-brachialis

A

pierced by: muscolo-cutaneous nerve

medial to biceps

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14
Q

brachialis muscle origin

A
  1. shaft of humerus

2. medial and lateral intermuscular septa

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15
Q

insertion of brachialis muscle

A

coranoid process and ulnar tuberosity

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16
Q

action of brachialis muscle

A

main flexor of elbow

17
Q

triceps origin

A

3 heads

long: infra glenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral: groove on humerus
medial: shaft of humerus below groove

18
Q

triceps insertion

A

inserted into olecranon process (near elbow) by tendon

19
Q

triceps nerve supply

A

radial nerve in axilla gives branches to long and medial head
radial nerve in groove gives branches to lateral and medial head

20
Q

triceps action

A
  1. powerful extensor of elbow joint

2. articularis cubiti draws capsule of elbow doing during extension

21
Q

articularis cubiti

A

emerge from triceps and insert into fibrous capsule of elbow joint

22
Q

musculo-cutaneous nerve origin

A

lateral cord of brachial plexus

roots C5,6,7

23
Q

Course of musculo-cutaneous nerve

descends to …

pierces. .
pierces. .
becomes. .

A

Key words; muscles and lateral

  1. descends to axillary artery and brachial artery
  2. pierces coraco-brachialis and descends between biceps and brachialis muscles while supplying them
  3. pierces deep fascia and becomes superficial called the lateral cutaneous nerve which divides into branches. this supplies the skin of forearm and upper part of thumb
24
Q

branches of musculo-cutaneous nerve & what it supplies

A
  1. muscular branch - coraco-brachialis, biceps and large part of bracialis
  2. cutaneous - supplies skin on forearm and skin of thumb
25
Q

radial nerve arrises from

A

C5,6,7,8 and T1

26
Q

course of radial nerve
in the axilla
in the arm
in front of the lateral epicondyle

A

in the axilla - descends on wall of axilla

in the arm :

upper- passes downward of brachial artery, separating it from triceps

middle- passes triceps to reach spiral groove

lower- pierces lateral intermuscular septum and reaches front of arm where it go between brachialis and brachio-radialis
lateral epicondyle - gives branch: posterior interosseous nerve and becomes the superficial radial nerve

27
Q

branches of radial nerve in axilla

A

muscular : supply long and medial head of triceps

cutaneous : posterior cutaneous nerve : supplies skin on back of arm , from deltoid tuberosity to elblow

28
Q

branches of radial nerve in spiral groove

A

muscular : to lateral and medial heads of triceps and anconeus

cutaneous :
lower lateral cutaneous nerve of arm : supplies skin on arm from deltoid tuberosity to elbow

29
Q

branches of the radial nerve in the lower part of the arm

A

gives muscular branches to brachio-radialis and extensor capri radialis longus and part of brachialis muscle
(BBE)

30
Q

terminal branches in front of lateral epicondyle

A

radial nerve ends by posterior interosseous branch and then continues superficial radial nerve

31
Q

brachial artery beginning

A

teres major muscle

32
Q

brachial artery is a continuation of

A

axillary artery

33
Q

course of brachial artery

A

descends on shaft of humerus

passes to front of arm until it
descends between lateral and medial epicondyles of humerus

enters cubital fossa

34
Q

end of brachial artery

A

cubital fossa 1 cm below elbow joint

35
Q

what happens at the end of brachial artery?

A

divides into two terminal branches: radial and ulnar arteries

36
Q

branches of brachial artery

A

SIMP NT

  1. superior ulnar collateral artery
  2. inferior ulnar collateral artery
  3. muscular branches
  4. profunda brachii artery
  5. nutrient artery to the humerus
  6. terminal branches
37
Q

profunda brachii artery is

A

the largest and highest branch and descends in spiral groove of humerus with radial nerve

38
Q

muscular branches supply the

A

biceps, brachialis, coraco-brachialis

39
Q

terminal branches is

A

radial and ulnar arteries