Forced collectivisation Flashcards
(44 cards)
What would peasants do to go against the State with grain?
Some would hoard or burn their grain so that the State wouldn’t take it
What would peasants do to go against the State with meat?
Some would eat the majority of their livestock so that the State wouldn’t take it
What happened to the number of grain harvested from 1928 - 33?
It decreased from 73 - 68 million
What happened to the number of grain harvested from 1933 - 35?
It increased from 68.4 - 75 million
What happened to the number of cattle from 1928 - 35?
It decreased from 71 - 49 million heads
How much did the bread in kilo per capita increase for the urban workers from 1928 - 32?
174 - 211 kilo per capita
How much did the bread in kilo per capita decrease for the rural workers from 1928 - 32?
250 - 215 kilo per capita
How many peasants died from 1930 - 37?
11 million
What was the effect of collectivisation in the Party?
It was seen as a good thing because the NEP was a halfway house, which was disliked by most of the party members
What was the effect of collectivisation in the Peasants politically?
It meant that the Party had more control and support of the countryside because they could install loyalty to the Party and their beliefs onto the peasants so that they are less likely to rebel
How did Stalins actions in 1930 affect his reputation?
He made himself look more benevolent and concerned about the peasants, as if he heard their issues and tried to make them better but in reality he wasn’t bothered and it got worse after 1931
What was the effect of collectivisation in the urban areas?
It meant that they had more food so that they could be more productive and increase in industrialisation to help the economy
What was the effect of the Ukraine famine on the Party?
It made it look ruthless to some of the members and caused the policies to become more brutal and is an area that could cause conflict within the Bolsheviks
What happened to the Right in the Party?
They were more isolated because they disagreed with the pressure on the peasants, which was seen as too violent and ruthless.
How much grain was harvest in 1928 compared to 1933 and 1935?
1928 - 73.3
1933 - 68.4
1935 - 75.0
Million tonnes
What is forced collectivisation?
Taking grain from peasants forcefully and put them on collective farms
What was most peasants reaction to collectivisation?
Most peasants didn’t like the idea of collectivisation because they didn’t want to share their land or resources, preferring to work on their own farms
What did peasants do against collectivisation?
Between 1929 - 30 there were 3,000 arson attacks in rural areas and mass disturbances increased from 172 - 229 in the same time
Why were most peasants against collectivisation?
Prices rose with collectivisation
They didn’t like the states low prices for grain
Thought it was agains the Land Decree that the Bolsheviks gave them
They didn’t believe in Bolshevism
They didn’t want to give up their traditions
The 25,000 er’s were brutal to the peasants
When did forced collectivisation started?
December 1929
How many peasants were in collectives by March 1930?
58%
How many peasants were in collectives by October 1930?
20%
Why were so many peasants collectivised by March 1930?
The 25,000 er’s were brutal in their work and forced peasants to go onto the collectives and the propaganda that came up surrounding the collectives
What did Stalin do in mid 1930 to please the peasants temporarily?
He called the party leaders out for being over zealous and that what they were doing was too harsh, so he made collectivisation voluntary, and allowed peasants to take back their land a resources.
