Food security & sustainability Flashcards
What are the biggest contributors to green house gases
Farming and agriculture
How does global warming impact the ability to grow crops
Decrease soil quality - soil degradation
Droughts and floods - effect crop growth
Change in biodiversity - insects/ invertebrates/ pollinators
What percentage are food systems responsible for green house gas production?
30%
What are the impacts of globalised food system?
- Malnutrition affects 1 out of 3 people globally
- > 1 billion who work in agriculture live below poverty line
- Accountable for 20-30% human produced greenhouse gas emissions
- Driver for deforestation, biodiversity loss, water loss and pollution
- Farming systems contribute to antibiotic resistance
What is food security?
‘Food security exist when all people, at all time, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.’
Availability, access, utilisation, stability
What are some drivers and challenges for global food security?
- Global population growth
- Urbanisation
- Demographic change
- Global climate and other environmental changes
- Environmental impacts - land use pressures
- Key resources
- Social
- Economic
- Political
- Adequate nutrition
What are the solutions to food security and sustainability?
- Address the power imbalance (redistribution of power)
- Change how food is produced (e.g. use less resources)
- Reduce food waste at every point of the food change
- Change demand which can lead to change in supply
What are the 3 pillars of sustainability?
Social
Environment
Economic
What is a healthy sustainable diet?
A diet with low environmental impact which contribute to food and nutrition security and to healthy life for present and future generations.
What would a healthy sustainable diet look like?
- Diversity, wide variety of food eaten
- Balance achieved between energy intake and energy needs
- Consisting of minimally processed tubers and wholegrains, legumes, fruit and veg (especially field grown)
- Meat, if eaten, in moderate quantities with all parts consumed
- Dairy products and alternatives eaten in moderation
- Unsalted seeds and nuts
- Small quantities of fish and aquatic products sourced from certified sources
- Very limited consumption of foods high in fat, sugar or salt and low in micronutrients
- Oils and fats with beneficial omega 3:6 ratio
- Tap water in preference to other beverages
Who influences, monitors and controls global food security?
Organsiations
United Nations - UN Food and Agriculture Organisation - FAO World Trade Organisation - WTO World Health Organisation - WHO UNICEF/ UNESECO - children
What countries are at high risk of food security issues?
Extreme high risk areas
- Afghanistan
- Ethiopia
- Somalia
- DR Congo
- Chad
- South Sudan
- Nigeria
High risk areas
- Syria
- Yemen
- Haiti
- Burundi
- Comoros
Middle Africa - 31.8% East Africa - 28.1% Western Africa - 18.7% Caribbean - 16.1% Southern Asia - 15.8%
What are the 17 sustainable development goals?
- No poverty
- Zero hunger
- Good health and wellbeing
- Quality education
- Gender equality
- Clean water and sanitation
- Affordable and clean energy
- Decent work and economic growth
- Industry, innovation and infrastructure
- Reduced inequalities
- Sustainable cites and communities
- Responsible consumption and production
- Climate action
- Life below water
- Life of land
- Peace, justice and strong institutions
- Partnerships for the goals
What are the one blue dot dietary considerations?
- Reduce red meat
- Priorities plant protein
- Use calcium fortified plant-based alternatives of dairy when you can
- Eat fish from sustainable sources and only have 2 servings per week
- Eat more wholegrains, tubers and potatoes
- Eat seasonal, local, tinned or frozen fruit and veg
- Reduced intake of air freight, pre-packed & packaged fruit and veg
- Drink more tap water
- Recycle all food waste
- Reduce food waste including perishable fruit and veg
- Reduce portion control of high sugar, high fat and high salt foods
