Food security Flashcards
food security definition
When all people at all times have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets dietary needs and preferences for an active and healthy lifestyle
what are the 4 main pillars of food security
Physical availability
Economic and physical access
food utilisation
stability fo dimensions
what is physical availability of food
addresses supply side of food
determined by climatic factors and trade of food
what is economic and physical access
adequate national supply does not guarantee household food security
insufficient access due to incomes, price and infrastructure
what is food utilisation
way the body makes the most out of food through the nutrients in the food
results of good care and feeding practices, preparation and diet
what is stability of dimensions
food insecurity remains if access to food is inadequate and periodic basis
affected by environmental, economic and political factors
how much did the proportion of undernourished food fall from between 1991 to 2015
23.3% in 1991 to 12.9% in 2015
Chronic food insecurity
4 factors
long term or persistent
people unable to meet food requirements over a sustained period of time
occurs due to extended periods of poverty and inadequate access to productive or financial resources
overcome with long term development measure to address poverty such as education
Transitory food insecurity
4 factors
short term or temporary
sudden drop in ability to produce or access food to maintain a good nutritional status
due to short term shocks - fluctuations in food availability - year to year
overcome with intervention such as early warning systems - however often unpredictable hard to prepare for
global hunger index
what does it measure
hunger at global, regional and national scales
calculated to raise awareness of differences in hunger by combining 4 indicators
4 indicators of global hunger index
Undernourishment - as a % of a population
Child wasting - proportion of children less than 5 with low weight or height
Child stunting - proportion of children <5 with low height for their age
Child mortality - mortality rate of children <5
changes in GHI between 1990 - 2013
26 countries reduced their GHI by more than 50%
Global food security index
provides world-wide overview of countries most and least vulnerable to food insecurity
combines 28 indicators covering availability, affordability, quality and safety of food
