FOI: Acronyms (baby steps) Flashcards
Maslows Hiarchy
Human Behavior
PSBECS
P - Physiological
S - Safety/Security
B- Belonging
C - Cognitive/Aesthetic
S - Self Actualization
Barriers to Effective Communication
Human Behavior
COIL
C - Confusion between Symbol & Object
O - Overuse of Abstractions
I - Interference
L - Lack of Common Experience
What is Human Behavior?
The attempt to satisfy a need
What is Normal Anxiety?
Human Behavior
A rapid & exact response within the limits of training
What is Learning?
Learning Process
- A permenant change in behavior based on experience
- Acquiring Knowledge or Understanding, of a Skill or Subject, through Education, Experience, or Study
What are Perceptions?
Learning Process
The gathering of data (stimuli) through our senses
What is Insight?
Learning Process
The grouping of Perceptions into meaningful wholes
Explain the Perception/Insight process
Our body receives stimuli from the senses that lead to perceptions, & then Perceptions lead to Insights
Basic Elements of Communication
Human Behavior
SSR
S - Source
S - Symbol
R - Receiver
Abnormal Reaction to Stress
Human Behavior
PRESIM
P - Painstaking self control
R - Rapid change in emotions
E - Extreme Overcooperation
S - Severe Anger
I - Innapropriate Laughing or Singing
M - Marked changes in Mood
Defense Mechanisms
Human Behavior
DR DR F CPR
D - Denial
R - Repression
D - Displacement
R - Rationalization
F - Fantasy
C - Compensation
P - Projection
R - Reaction Formation
Recall Aid: Dr Dr! Save me from my Defense Mechanisms
Developing Communication Skills
Human Behavior
LIQIR
L - Listening
I - Instructional Communication
Q - Questioning
I - Instructional Enhancement
R - Role Play
Obstacles to Learning
Learning Process
WI PA UA
W - Worry/Lack of Interest
I - Impatience
P - Physical Discomfort
A - Anxiety
U - Unfair Treatment
A - Apathy due to poor Instruction
Types of Assessment
Techniques of Flight Instruction
OAT
O - Oral
A - Authentic
T - Traditional
Demonstration - Pereformance Method of Instruction
Learning Process
EDSIE
E - Explanation
D - Demonstration
S - Student Performs
I - Instructor Supervises
E - Evaluation
Decision Making Process
Techniques of Flight Instruction
DECIDE
D - Define the problem
E - Evaluate options
C - Choose an action
I - Implement Action
D - Do the action
E - Evaluate the Outcome
Theories of Learning
Learning Process
BICC
B - Behaviorism
I - Information Processing
C - Cognitive
C - Constructivism
Forgetting
Learning Process
RIFRS
R - Retrieval Failure
I - Interference
F - Fading
R - Repression
S - Supression
Recall Aid: Smoking the RIFRS makes you forget
Laws of Learning
Learning Process
REEPIR
R - Readiness
E - Excersize
E - Effect
P - Primacy
I - Intensity
R - Recency
Recall Aid: If you dont follow the Laws, the REEPIR will come after you
Levels of Learning
Learning Process
RUAC
R - Rote memorization
U - Understanding
A - Application
C - Correlation
Factors Effecting Perception
Learning Process
GSTEP
G - Goals & Values
S - Self Concept
T - Time & Opportunity
E - Element of Threat
P - Physical Organism
Recall Aid: GSTEP on my Perception
Scenario Based Training (SBT)
Learning Process
CTC
C - Clear Objective
T - Tailored to the Student
C - Capitalizes on Local Environment
Characteristics of Learning
Learning Process
PEAM
P - Purposeful
E - Experience
A - Active Process
M - Multi Faceted
Types of Memory
Learning Process
SSL
S - Sensory
S - Short Term
L - Long term
Stage of Skill Acquisition
Learning Process
CAA
C - Cognitive stage
A - Associative stage
A - Automatic Response stage
Levels of the Affective Domain
Learning Process
ARVOI
A - Awareness
R - Response
V - Valuing
O - Organizing
I - Integration
Levels of the Psychomotor Domain
Learning Process
OIPH
O - Observation
I - Imitation
P - Practice
H - Habit
Retention of Learning
Learning Process
Ways that we retain what we have learned
PUMMPA
P - Praise Stimulates Recall
U - Using All Senses
M - Meaningful Repetition aids Recall
M - Mnemonics
P - Prompted by Association
A - Attitude Aids Retention
Recall Aid: Retain the PUMMPA
Reducing Errors when Learning
Learning Process
DR CULT
D - Developing Routines
R - Raising Awareness
C - Checking For Errors
U - Using Reminders
L - Learning & Practice
T - Taking your time
Recall Aid: “The Cult of Errors
Types of Errors
Learining Process
- Mistakes - Errors of Thought
- Slips - Errors of Action
Types of Practice
Learning Process
DBR
D - Deliberate (specific)
B - Blocked (over & over)
R - Random
Phases of Aqcuiring Knowledge
Learning Process
MUC
M - Memorization
U - Understanding
C - Concept Learning
Transfer of Knowledge
Learning Process
The ways in which Knowledge is Transfered
+Positive Transfer
* Task A leads to task B
-Negative Transfer
* Task A inhibits task B
Assesing Risk
Risk Management
Likelihood - PORI
P - Probable
O - Occasional
R - Remote
I - Improbable
Severity - CCMN
C - Catastrophic
C - Critical
M - Marginal
N - Negligible
Likelihood of an Event
Risk Management
PORI
P - Probable (Occur several times)
O - Occasional (Will Occur sometime)
R - Remote (unlikely but possible)
I - Improbable ( highly unlikely)
Severity of an Event
Risk Management
CCMN
C - Catastrophic (Death, Aircraft total loss)
C - Critical (Severe injury & Damage)
M - Marginal (Minor injury & Damage)
N - Negligible (Less than Minor injury & damage)
Recall Aid: Catastrophically dead, Critically Severe, Marginally minor, & Negligibly less.
Risk Management Principles
Risk Management
RAIN
R - Risk Decision Made at the Appropriate Level
A - Accept Risk Only when the Benefits outweigh the Costs
I - Integrate Risk Management at All Levels
N - No Unnecessary Risk!
Pilot Self Check
Risk Management
IMSAFE
I - Illness
M - Medication (disqualifying, Do not issue, do not fly)
S - Stress
A - Alcohol (91.17)(0.04, 8hrs, No influence)
F - Fatigue (8hrs sleep)
E - Emotions (Hazardous attitudes)
5 P’s
Risk Management
- Pilot - Documents, IMSAFE, Currency
- Plane - SPARROW, AV1ATE
- Passengers - briefed, concerns, well-being
- Plan - NWKRAFT, route, airspace
- Programming - Familiarity with aircraft, avionics
Hazardous Attitudes
Risk Management
RAIIM
R - Resignation - Theres nothing I can do
A - Anti Authority - Rules dont apply to me
I - Impulsivity - Do something NOW
I - Invulnerability - Will never happen to me
M - Macho - I can do it
Pave Checklist
Risk Management
PAVE
P - Pilot (IMSAFE, Currency, Docs)
A - Aircraft (SPARROW, AV1ATE, Proficency)
V - enVironment (NWKRAFT, Airspace, terrain)
E - External Pressures (Pax, time, goal orientation, have a back up plan)
Risk Management Process
Risk Management
IA AM IS
I - Identify the Hazard
A - Asses the Risk (FRAT)
A - Anylize Risk Controls
M - Make Risk Control Decisions
I - Implement the Risk Controls
S - Supervise & Evaluate
Purpose of Assessment
Assessment & Critique
PACH
P - Provides Feedback
A - Allows the learner to know progress
C - Contributes to learners ADM development
H - Helps Instructor See deficiencies
Recall Aid: PACHy Purpose
Characteristics of Effective Questions
Assessment & Critique
ABCAP
A - Applies to subject
B - Brief & Concise
C - Centers on one idea
A - Adapted to ability of the student
P - Presents a challenge to the learner
Characteristics of Collaborative Assessment
Assessment & Critique
4 Re’s
R - Replay (go over what happned)
R - Reconstruct (Coulda, woulda, shoulda done)
R - Reflect (What were the overall takeaways?)
R - Redirect (direct lessons learned here to to other lessons or real world scenarios)
Recall Aid: Re-Collab
Different Kinds of Critiques
SWISSI
S - Student Led (one student leads critique of class)
W - Written (able to put more thought into them, permenant record)
I - Instructor-Student (group critique of a performance)
S - Small Group (each group critiques specific area of performance)
S - Self Critique
I - Individual learner, to learner
Recall Aid: Swiss army knife of Critiques
Characteristics of a Good Traditional Assessment
Written assessment
DR COVU
D - Discriminatory - compares students knowledge
R - Reliable - yeilds consistent results
C - Comprehensive - Fully measures all important aspects
O - Objectivity - No open ended questions
V - Valid - Measures what its supposed to
U - Usable - Easy to understand
Recall Aid: Corvu is a Traditional Doctor
What are the Characteristics of Effective Assessment?
FASTCOCO
F - Flexible - Can chanage with student needs
A - Acceptable - To the learner
S - Specific - specific suggestions & criticisms
T - Thoughtful - Respectful to the student
C - Comphrehensive - tests every area of competence, strengths and weaknesses
O - Objective - Instructor feelings must not interfere, must be honest
C - Constructive - learner must get something out of it, learn something
O - Organized - has a logical pattern
Recall Aid: FAST Effective Assessment
What are the Types of Questions to Avoid?
POTBIT
P - Puzzles - Dont make them too complicated
O - Oversized - keep em short and sweet
T - Tossup - Contradictory type questions. ‘should you squawk 7700 OR pick a landing spot?’
B - Bewilderment - Nonsensical questions
I - Irrelevant - includes irrelevant info or does not relate to objective
T - Trick - Cause the learner to feel inferior
Recall Aid: a POT of Bad Questions
Essential Teaching Skills
Teaching Process
PAMS
P - People skills
A - Assessment skills
M - Management Skills
S - Subject Matter Expert
Recall Aid: PAMS Essential Teaching Skills
Lesson Organization
I(AMO)DC
I - Introduction (AMO)
- Attention
- Motivation
- Overview
D - Development
- Past to Present
- Simple to Complex
- Known to Unknown
- Most common to least common
C - Conclusion
Recall Aid: IDC about the Lesson AMO
Elements of an Introduction to a Lesson
Teaching Process
AMO
A - Attention grabber
M - Motivation
O - Overview
Recall Aid: AMO for my Intro
Training Delivery Methods
Teaching Process
LEG CC
L - Lectures
E - E Learning
G - Guided Discussion
C - Computer Assisted
C - Cooperative (group learning)
Recall Aid: LEGG day Training
Essential Parts of a Lesson
Teaching Process
O ESE ISC
O - Objective
E - Elements
S - Schedule
E - Equipment
I - Instructor Actions
S - Student Actions
C - Completion Standards
Recall Aid: Oh, Ese parts of a lesson
Problem Based Learning types
Teaching Process
SCC
S - Scenario Based (what iffs)
C - Cooporative Based (group)
C - Case Studies(CAROL Query or Aviation Safety Institute)
Recall Aid: I See See Problem Based Learning
Guidlines for effective Instructional Aids?
Teaching Process
C GOS
C - Clear objective
G - Gather necessary data
O - Organize material into outline
S - Select ideas to support with Instructional Aids
Recall Aid: seagulls (CGOS) have Aids (this is harder than it looks….)
Characteristics of a Good Scenario
Teaching Process
NNNN P
N - Not a test
N - Not Promote Errors
N - No one right answer
N - No obvious answer
P - Promotes Situational Awareness
Recall Aid: Good Not Not No no Scenario
How does the Aviation Instructor Minimize Student Frustration?
MACKBAG
M - Motivate
A - Approach them as individuals
C - Constructive Criticisms
K - Keep them informed of progress & objectives
B - Be consistent
A - Admit Errors
G - Give credit when due
Recall Aid: A MACKBAG of Frustration
What are the Responsibilities of the Aviation Instructor
THings that make a good Instructor
HEM (MACKBAG) PSS
H - Helping Students learn
E - Emphasizing the positive
M - Minimizing Frustration (MACKBAG)
P - Provide adequate instructions
S - Standards
S - Safety ensured
Recall Aid: HEMing our Aviation Responsibilities
M - Motivates
A - Approach them as individuals
C - Constructive Criticism
K - Keep them informed of progress & the objective
B - Be Consistent
A - Admit Errors
G - Gives Credit
What are the Responsibilities of the Flight Instructor? (in flight instruction)
Job Duties of a Flight Instructor:
PEEP PASS
P - Pilot Supervision
E - Evaluation of Student Ability
E - Endorsements for instruction given
P - Practical Test recomendations
P - Pilot Proficiency
A - Additional Training
S - See & Avoid
S - Student pre-solo process
Recall Aid: PEEPING Flight Instructor
