FM 3-25.26 Land Navigation Flashcards
What are the basic colors of a map
Black: man made features Red-Brown: cultural and relief features Blue: water features Green: vegetation Brown: relief features and elevation Red: cultural features Other: special information
What is the field manual for map reading and land navigation
FM 3-25.26
What are military symbols
Figures used to represent types of military organizations instillation sand activities
Where is the legend of the map found
Lower left margin
What are contour lines
Imaginary lines on the ground connecting equal elevation. Represent high and low ground elevation
What are 3 types of contour lines
Index
Intermediate
Supplementary
How many Mils are in one degree
17.7 Mils
How many norths are there on a military map
3 true magnetic and grid north
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a hill
Concentric circles
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a saddle
Hourglass
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a valley
U shaped or V shaped
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a ridge
U shaped. V shaped. Closed end points away from high ground
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a depression
Closed contour lines that have tick marks pointing towards low ground
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a draw
U shaped or V shaped pointing towards high ground
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a spur
U or V pointing away from high ground
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a cliff
Contour lines very close together and in some instances touching
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a cut
Lines extend the length of the cut with tick marks that extend from the cut line to the road bed
What shape are the contour lines that indicate a fill
The line extends the length of the filled area and has tick marks that point towards lower ground
What must be done to a map before it can be used
It must be oriented
What are 5 major terrain features found on a map
Hill Ridge Valley Saddle Depression
What are 3 minor terrain features found on a military map
Draw
Spur
Cliff
What are 2 supplementary terrain features found on military map
Cut
Fill
What is a map
A map is a graphic representation of a portion of the earths surface drawn to scale as seem from above
What is an azimuth
A horizontal angle measured in a clockwise manner from a north base line expressing direction
what is vertical distance
the distance between the highest and lowest points measured
what is a contour interval
the vertical distance between adjacent contour lines on a map
what is the distance between grid lines on a combat map
1km or 1000meters
how many mils are there in a circle
6400
which north is used when using a military map
magnetic when using a compass. grid when using a map
how would you hold a lensatic compass
away from metal, level and firm
name 2 ways to hold a compass
compass-cheek method, center hold method
what do topographic symbols represent
man-made and natural features
in military symbols, what colors are used for a map overlay and what do they represent
Blue: friendly forces Red: enemy forces Black: boundaries Yellow: contaminated area Green: Engineer obstacles
what is back azimuth
the opposite direction of an azimuth
how do you figure out a back azimuth
add 180 degrees if the azimuth is 180 degrees or less. subtract 180 degrees if the azimuth is 180 degrees or more
what is the general rule for reading military grid coordiantes
right and up
how many sights does a compass have
2
what is a benchmark
a man made marker showing points of elevation
what are parallels of latitude
measured distances going north or south of the equator
what does UTM stand for
universal transverse mercator
how many times would the bezel ring click if it were fully rotated
120
large cities on a map are represented by what color
black
name two ways to orient a map
use a compass, and terrain association
the arrow on a compass always points what direction
magnetic north
what are the alternate colors on a map and what do they mean
gray: alternate for brown
yellow: built up areas
pink: political boundaries
what is longitude
imaginary lines that run north to south originating in greenwich, england and measured in degrees
what is a topographic map
portrays terrain and land forms in a measurable way as well as horizontal features of the positions represented
what is a small scale map
maps with scales of 1:1,000,000 and smaller. used for general planning and strategic study
what is a medium scale map
maps with scales larger than 1:1,000,000 but smaller than 1:75,000 are used for operational planning
what is a large scale map
maps with scales pf 1:75,000 and larger used for tactical, administrative and logistical planning
what does the term intersection mean
finding the location of an unknown point by sighting two or more known points
why is a map so important
can give you accurate distances, locations and heights, best routes, key terrain features and cover and concealment information
what does resection mean
the method of locating ones position on a map by determining the grid azimuth to at least 2 well defined locations that can be pinpointed on a map
if you find a symbol on a map that is unknown to you where would you look
the marginal data located on the outside lower portion of the map
how many scales are there on a compass
degrees and mils
what are the 4 quadrants on a map
northeast, southeast, northwest, southwest
what are the 3 elements for dead reckoning
1) known starting point
2) known distance
3) known azimuth
what is the name of the map system the US uses
UTM
on a lensatic compass there are two rings, an outer black ring, and an inner red ring.what are they used for
red ring is to find degrees. black ring is used to find mils
name 3 field expedient methods of determining directions
the shadow tip method, the watch method, the north star method
the border line around the edge of the map is called the what
neat line
name the different slopes found on a map
1) gentle
2) steep
3) concave
4) convex
