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Pharmacology Liza > Fluoroquinolones and UTI drugs > Flashcards

Fluoroquinolones and UTI drugs Flashcards

0
Q

DOC for UTI

A

bactrim (TMP)

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1
Q

Which strains cause UTI

A 
E Coli (most), Klesiela and Proteus
Proteus increases pH (less acidic) and decreases activity of many UTI drugs
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2
Q

MOA of fluoroguinolones

A

inhibit DNA gyrase -> can’t transcribe and replicate -> CIDAL
(also Topo IV - can’t separate chromosomes into dtr cells)

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3
Q

Ciprofloxacin is DOC for

A

anthrax prophylaxis

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4
Q

Cipro/quinolones spectrum

A

G- rods (enterobacter citrobacter, serratia, neisseria)
G+ MRSA
AEROBIC (except Moxi and Gemi)
+AP (all)

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5
Q

SE of Cipro

A

GI (if diarrhea use erythromycin)
increased QT interval (fatal)
tendon rupture and cartilage erosion - don’t use in pregs and kids< 18 yo

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6
Q

which drug increases QT interval?

A

Cirpo

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7
Q

which drug causes tendon rupture and cartilage erotion

A

Cipro

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8
Q

which is aerobic only

A

cipro

+AP

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9
Q

contraindicated in pregs and kids < 18 yo

A

cipro due to tendon rupture and cartilage erotion

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10
Q

which drugs tx prostatitis?

A

Norfloxacin and Ogloxacin

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11
Q

which fluoroquinolones fight an?aerobic bacteria?

A

moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin

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12
Q

which fluoroquinolones fight penicillin-resistant strep. pneumonia?

A

moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin

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13
Q

which drug fights G+/G- anaerobs only?

A

Metronizadole

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14
Q

DOC for pseudomembranous colitis

A

Metronizadole

caused by C. Diff, DOC for C Diff is Metronizadole

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15
Q

Metronizadole MOA

A

prodrug: once metabolized by bacteria, it’s taken up into DNA -> CIDAL

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16
Q

Metronizadone SE

A

Candida superinfection
hypersensitivity
(ask prof if any more?)

17
Q

If creatinine is < 50 ml/min don’t use which drug? (renal failure)

A

Nitrofurantoin

18
Q

Nitrofurantoin is DOC for

A

Nothing - not UTI, use as alternative if bactrim resistance

19
Q

which drug is static and cidal?

A

Nitrofurantoin

20
Q

NITROfurantion MOA

A

Prodrug: damage to DNA -> don’t really know what it does -> Static and CIDAL

21
Q

NITROfurantoin spectrum

A

G+/G- (E.Coli, S pyogenes, citrovacter, klebsiella, enterobacter, salmonella, shigella
Proteus and Pseudomonas are resistant
- AP

22
Q

which drug causes hymolytic anemia

A

NITOfurantoin

G6PD

23
Q

Which drug causes interstitial pulmonary fibrosis?

A

NITROfurantoin

24
Q

SE of hepatocellular damage

A

NITROfurantoin

25
Q

Contraindicated in pregs (38-42 wks), < 1 month, in decreased renal fx, allergy

A

NITROfurantoin

26
Q

Methamine MOA

A

prodrug: decomposes to formaldehyde and ammonia

27
Q

which drug has no bacterial resistance?

A

Methamine

28
Q

Methamine spectrum

A

nearly all bacteria but better in G-

E Coli

29
Q

which drug is non toxic

A

Methamine bc decomposes to fermaldehyde in urine, not body

30
Q

What is methamine contraindicated in

A 
Hepatic insufficiency bc releases ammonia (absorbed by liver) and
renal insufficiency (crystalluria = low urinary output)
31
Q

which drug is contraindicated with hepatic and renal insufficiency

A

Methamine

32
Q

targets only anaerobic bacteria (-O2)

A

metronidazole

33
Q

Becteroides fragilis (-O2)

A

Metronidazole

34
Q

Mycobacterium tb

A

isoniazid + rifampin (replace with____ if renal/liver?) + ethambutol + pyrazinamide

35
Q

Mycobacterium Leprae

A

Dapsone + rifampin

36
Q

**Mycoplasma pneumoniae **

A

tetracycline or erythromycin (macrolide)

37
Q

Chlamydia

A

tetra or macrolide

38
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme Dz)

A

doxycycline (tetras) or amoxicilline or ceftriaxone (renal necrosis or nephro with aminos)

39
Q

Aspergillus (fungi)

A

Amph B + Voriconazole

40
Q

Candida

A

Amph B + caspofungin

41
Q

Cryptococcus

A

Amph B (no CNS) +/- flucytosine (5FC) (goes to CNS)

Pharmacology Liza (19 decks)

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