Aminoglycosides and Broad spectrum ABs

Question 0

** aminos are used in combo with other ABs**

Answer 0

can’t enter the cell unless another ICWS opens the membrane

Question 1

** what is responsible for pharmakological properties of aminoglycosides?

Answer 1

polarity

Question 2

MOA of aminos

Answer 2

irreversibly bind to ribosomal unit 30S -> CIDAL
need O2!!!!
need to be actively transported into bacteria (need ATP, need O2)

Question 3

toxicity with aminos

Answer 3

Ototoxic

nephro

Question 4

what happens due to post-antibiotic effect

Answer 4

AB is active for couple of hours after admin

can give higher dose once a day

Question 5

do aminos have high cross-resistance with other aminos?

Answer 5

yes

resistance due to decreased receptors on ribosomes, can’t permeate wall, enzymatic changes by bacteria

Question 6

Aminos spectrum

Answer 6

AEROBIC only G- enteric rods (often in combo with b-lactams)

Question 7

what drug to use when suspect sepsis or endocarditis?

Answer 7

Aminos

Question 8

DOC for enterococcus

Answer 8

gentomycin and pen G

Question 9

DOC for pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 9

Amino and AP pen

Question 10

DOC for turalemia (francisella tularensis) (rabit hunting dz0

Answer 10

gentamycin

Question 11

gentomycin and neomycin tx

Answer 11

wounds

Question 12

what aminos can tx psudomonas aeruginosa in combo with AP pen

Answer 12

gentamycin
tobramycin
amikacin

Question 13

tx for TB (is it DOC?????????)

Answer 13

streptomycin

Question 14

fatal aplastic anemia

Answer 14

chloramphenicol

Question 15

MOA of chloramphenicol

Answer 15

reversibly binds to 50S -> inh protein synthesis

STATIC

Question 16

chloramphenicol is DOC for

Answer 16

nothing - not 1st choice ever!!! only for life threatening conditions

Question 17

best CNS penetration, and eyes (wide spread)

Answer 17

chloramphenicol
tx neisseria meningitis, pen resistant strep pneumonia

oral - stopped in US, parenteral still available

Question 18

which drug conjugates with glucoronic acid

Answer 18

chloramphenicol

to form chloramphenicol glocoronate

Question 19

acetyl transferase is responsible for resistance in which drug?

Answer 19

chloramphenicol

it acetylates and inactivates chloramphenicol

Question 20

bone marrow depression is in

Answer 20

chloramphenicol

Question 21

which drug inhibits host’s protein synthesis in mito

Answer 21

chloramphenicol

Question 22

gray baby syndrome (inadequate glucuronyl transferase activity in liver)

Answer 22

chloramphenicol

Question 23

SE of tetracycline

Answer 23

• changes in normal flora
• bone and teeth depletion
• photosensitivity

Question 24

which drug chelates with Ca, Fe, Al?

Answer 24

tetracycline

Question 25

doxycycline and minocycline are long acting forms of

Answer 25

tetracyclines

Question 26

tetracycline spectrum

Answer 26

broad:
G+/G-
02, 02-

Question 27

MOA of tetracyclines

Answer 27

reversibly binds to 30S and can’t add AA -> STATIC

inh protein synthesis

Question 28

DOC for vibrio/cholera

Answer 28

tetracyclines

Question 29

DOC of mycoplasma pneumonia

Answer 29

tetra

Question 30

DOC for chlamydia

Answer 30

Doxycycline (and erythro/arithromycin???????)

Question 31

DOC for Rikettsial infection (Rocky Mnt)

Answer 31

Doxycycline

Question 32

DOC for early lyme dz (Borrelia Burgdorferi)

Answer 32

tetracyclines

Question 33

DOC for H.Pylori

Answer 33

tetra + metro + bismuth (all three together?)

Question 34

CI in pregs, kids <8 yo, crosses placenta and breast milk

Answer 34

tetras

Question 35

crosses placenta and breast milk

Answer 35

tetracyclines

Question 36

Tigecycline (IV)

Answer 36

30s
Static
similar to tetracyclines but againt tetra res organisms
MRSA
MRSE (s epidermis)
PRSP (pen res strep pneumoniae)
VRE vanco res enterococci