B lactams Flashcards
Cefaclor
2nd gen cephalosporin, -AP (intermediate spectrum) Renal exc Less G+, more g- ( coli klieb proteus) No AP
Cefazolin
1st gen cephalosporin (narrow spectrum) Renal exc Good/most G+ Moderate G- Good b lactamase /penicillinase
Ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin (broad spectrum) Renal kidney exc Less g+, increased b lact/penicillinase producing Enterobacter Some w/amino = AP inc b lactamase resistance
cefepime
4th gen cephalosporin MSSA, enterobacter, pseudomonas +AP better. G+ Comparable to 3rd gen Higher res to some b lactameses Renal exc
DOC for surgery prophilaxis
Targets: MSSA
Moderate G- (E. Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus)
Most G+ cocci (streps, staph aureus, MSSA, EXCEPT enterococcus, MRSA, S.epidermis)
Cefazolin
1st gen cephalosporin
SE of all cephalosporins
Allergy
Superinfection (C.Diff, candida)
cross sensitivity with penicillin
Dose dependent renal tubular necrosis: synergistic NEPHROtoxicity with aminos
Avoid in neonates due to bilirubin displacement
Ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin
CNS penetration with
Ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin
DOC for N.Gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone
Targets:
G- (E.Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus), - AP
Moxarella Catarrhalis,
without antipsudomonal
Cefaclor
2nd gen cephalosporin
All resist B-lactamase/penicillinase (enzyme that doesn’t allow penicillin to bind to altering the binding site?)
Cephalosporins
Targets: G- : Moxarella Catarr, salmonella Enterobacter, +/- AP (w/amino) Salmonella N. Gonorrhea some Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (w/amino) Also: Pen. Resistant Strep pneumonia (G+) Borrelia Burgdorferi (spirochete)
Ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin
(broad spectrum)
Targets G- : Enterobacter, MSSA
Pseudomonas, + AP
MSSA (G+)
with antipseudomonal
Cefepime
4th gen cephalosporin
Like 3rd but more G+ coverage
Only B-lactam against MRSA
binds to mutated PBP2a
Unnamed gen of cephalosporin Ceftaroline fosamil (IV)
Aztreonam is part of 1) and targets only 2)
1) monobactam
2) G- rods only
Targets: G- only
Klebsiella
Proteus
Serratia
Aztreonam
monobactam
- good resistance to B-lactamase (penicillinase) (doesn’t allow penicillin to bind)
- no cross-sensitivity with penicillin (good for those who are allergic to penicillin)
AZtreonam
(monobactam)
only G- rods
Pseudomonas serratia klebsiella proteus
Parenteral only