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Pharmacology Liza > B lactams > Flashcards

B lactams Flashcards

0
Q

Cefaclor

A 
2nd gen cephalosporin, -AP
(intermediate spectrum)
Renal exc
Less G+, more g- ( coli klieb proteus)
No AP
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1
Q

Cefazolin

A 
1st gen cephalosporin
(narrow spectrum)
Renal exc
Good/most G+
Moderate G-
Good b lactamase /penicillinase
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2
Q

Ceftriaxone

A 
3rd gen cephalosporin
(broad spectrum)
Renal kidney exc
Less g+, increased b lact/penicillinase producing Enterobacter
Some w/amino = AP
inc b lactamase resistance
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3
Q

cefepime

A 
4th gen cephalosporin
MSSA, enterobacter, pseudomonas +AP
better. G+
Comparable to 3rd gen
Higher res to some b lactameses
Renal exc
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4
Q

DOC for surgery prophilaxis
Targets: MSSA
Moderate G- (E. Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus)
Most G+ cocci (streps, staph aureus, MSSA, EXCEPT enterococcus, MRSA, S.epidermis)

A

Cefazolin

1st gen cephalosporin

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5
Q

SE of all cephalosporins

A

Allergy
Superinfection (C.Diff, candida)
cross sensitivity with penicillin
Dose dependent renal tubular necrosis: synergistic NEPHROtoxicity with aminos

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6
Q

Avoid in neonates due to bilirubin displacement

A

Ceftriaxone

3rd gen cephalosporin

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7
Q

CNS penetration with

A

Ceftriaxone

3rd gen cephalosporin

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8
Q

DOC for N.Gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

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9
Q

Targets:
G- (E.Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus), - AP
Moxarella Catarrhalis,
without antipsudomonal

A

Cefaclor

2nd gen cephalosporin

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10
Q

All resist B-lactamase/penicillinase (enzyme that doesn’t allow penicillin to bind to altering the binding site?)

A

Cephalosporins

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11
Q 
Targets: G- :
Moxarella Catarr, salmonella
Enterobacter, +/- AP (w/amino)
Salmonella
N. Gonorrhea
some Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (w/amino)
Also:      Pen. Resistant Strep pneumonia (G+)
              Borrelia Burgdorferi (spirochete)
A

Ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin
(broad spectrum)

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12
Q

Targets G- : Enterobacter, MSSA
Pseudomonas, + AP
MSSA (G+)
with antipseudomonal

A

Cefepime
4th gen cephalosporin
Like 3rd but more G+ coverage

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13
Q

Only B-lactam against MRSA

binds to mutated PBP2a

A 
Unnamed gen of cephalosporin
Ceftaroline fosamil (IV)
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14
Q

Aztreonam is part of 1) and targets only 2)

A

1) monobactam

2) G- rods only

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15
Q

Targets: G- only
Klebsiella
Proteus
Serratia

A

Aztreonam

monobactam

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16
Q
  • good resistance to B-lactamase (penicillinase) (doesn’t allow penicillin to bind)
  • no cross-sensitivity with penicillin (good for those who are allergic to penicillin)
A

AZtreonam
(monobactam)
only G- rods
Pseudomonas serratia klebsiella proteus

Parenteral only

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17
Q

SE of AZtreonam

A

Skin rash
phlebitis
abnormal liver
(not oral)

18
Q

Imipinem and meropenem are

A

CARBapenems

broad spectrum

19
Q
  • good resistance to B-lactamase
  • targets anaerobs, G+, G-
  • add amino if pseudomonas resistant
A

Imipinem and Meropenem

CARBapenems

20
Q

May become resistant to pseudomonas so add amino

A

Imipinem and Meropenem

CARBapenems

21
Q

DOC for B-lactamase producing Enterobacter infections

A

Imipinem and Meropenem IV

CARBapenems

22
Q

Targets: G+/G-
Pseudomonas (G-)
B-lactamase producing Enterobacter (G-)
{citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia??)

A

Imipinem and meropenem

CARBapenems

23
Q

Must take with CILASTIN

A

Imipinem (carbopenem)

dihydropeptidase inhibitor bc Imipinem is inactivated by renal dihydropeptidase

24
Q

Entrpenem is

A

CARBapenem

25
Q
  • strong B-lactamase resistance

- targets anaerobs, G+, G-

A

Entrapenem

CARBapenems

26
Q
  • Seizures at high dose

- caution with renal failure, brain lesions, head trauma, Hx of seizures

A

Imipinem

27
Q

Target: Enterobacter (G-)

less against Pseudomonas

A

Entrapenem

CARBapenem

28
Q

ototoxic
nephro
red man syndrome (skin flushing from histamine release)

A

Vancomycin

non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis)

29
Q

targets only G+

A

Vancomycin

non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis)

30
Q

SE of UTI

A

Fasfomycin

non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis

31
Q

Nephro SE (if parenteral)

A

Bacitracin

non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis

32
Q

Targets only G+

A

Vancomycin
Bacitracin
(non B-lactam Inhibitor of Cell wall synthesis)

33
Q

topical application

A

Bacitracin

34
Q

If want to use against G-, add neomycin/polymyxin to

A

Bacitracin

35
Q

Inhibits Nag-Nam transport across membrane

A

Bacitracin

36
Q

Prevents Nag-Nam reduction

A

Fosfomycin

37
Q
  • May have synergy with B-lactams, aminos, or fluoroquinolone
  • G+ and G-
A

Fosfomycin

38
Q

Prevents trans-peptidation of pentidoglycan (binds to D-ala site, if it’s mutated-» resistance)

A

Vancomycin

39
Q

useful against penicillin (-) and (MRSA) infections

why is MRSA in brackets???

A

Vanco

40
Q

First choice for C.Diff?

2nd choice for C. Diff?

A

Metronidazol

Vanco

41
Q

Tx for superinfections caused by Staph and C Diff

1st DOC for c diff is

A

Vancomycin

Metronidazol doc c diff

42
Q

Which targets MSSA?

A

Cefazolin 1st gen

Renal excretion

Pharmacology Liza (19 decks)

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