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Pharmacology Liza > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Antifreeze tx

A

Alcohol IV

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1
Q

not after 4 hrs or if
after 30 min since ingestion of a corrosive metal
Hydrocarbon solvents ingested
Coma, stupor, delirium or convultions are present

A

Lavage

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2
Q

Double vision, paralysis

A

Botox

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3
Q

wrist drop

A

lead

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4
Q

RBC stippling

A

lead

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5
Q

anemia and irritable

A

lead

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6
Q

Keizer… ring around cornea

A

copper

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7
Q

jaundice

A

copper

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8
Q

lung cancer

A

Asbestos

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9
Q

cherry red blood

A

CO

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10
Q

almond smell

A

cyanide

SOB

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11
Q

O2 is tx for

A

cyanide

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12
Q

Do not use lavage

A

Bleaches

Strong acids

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13
Q

metabolized by CYP450 to free radicals

A

CCl4 chloroform Carbon tetrachloride

carcinogenic

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14
Q

cirrhosis of liver

A

Arsenic

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15
Q

CO mechanism

A

greater affinity for Hb than O2
impares ability of Hb to transport O2
Carboxyhemoglobin is CHERRY RED

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16
Q

isoniazid is example of

A

PhII before Ph1

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17
Q

Phase 1

A

Modification of mol thru OXIDATION Rxns
hydroxylation or demethylation (+OH, -CH3)
enzymes attack fx’l groups
can be excreted or to PhII

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18
Q

Phase II

A

Conjugation: adds Ionized, charged group to PhI to make it more water soluble

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19
Q

Drugs with toxic metabolites

A

diazepam - nordiazepam - oxazepam
acetaminophen - N -acetyl-benzo - quinone imine

codein – morphine

20
Q

Cyt P450s

A

Ph1
microsomal and inducable
oxidation fx (form OH)
acts as HANDLE (OH) for Ph2

21
Q

inducer is ethanol,

substrate tylenol, ethanol

A

2E1

22
Q

Inducer is smoking and charcoal foods

substrate: tylenol, warfarin

A

1A2 cyp450

23
Q

inducer” barbituates, St. John’s wort

substrate: tylenol, advil diazepam, lidocaine

A

All 2… enzymes + 3A4

24
Q

which impairs codeine metabolism

condeine to morphine

A

2D6

25
Q

which metabolizes and induces by alcohol

A

2E1

26
Q

which metabolizes > 50% drugs and has high drug interactions?

A

3A4

27
Q

Glucoronyl transferase is

A

only Ph2 inducible and microsomal

28
Q

inhibitor: grapefruit juice
sub: tylenol, diazepam, lidocaine

A

3A4

29
Q

Inhibitor: quinidine
sub: codeine, (oxycodone)

A

2D6

30
Q

Phase 2 rxns:

A

conjugate (bind) a protein to a Ph1 drug with handle (OH, SH, NH2)
Most by glucoronidation and UGTs
End result:
lower lipid solubility, make polar and inactive, increase MW
fast elimination

31
Q

conjugation of drug with handle with glucorinic acid

A

UGT (transferase) catalyzes the tranferring of glucoronic acid to substrate drug
Bilirubin and adrenal conticosteroids are conjugated like this

32
Q

Rule of thumb: the smaller the Vd

A

The more effective the dialysis bc high plasma [ ], high binding to plasma proteins

33
Q

Higher dose, bioavail, and half life predict

A

higher Css

34
Q

Higher CL or higher Vd

A

Lower Css

35
Q

High Vd

A

High [ ] in body and bound to peripheral tissues

36
Q

Low Vd

A

High plasma [ ] and binding to plasma proteins

37
Q

Warfarin

A

92% bound to plasma proteins, 8% free

add drug that displaces warfarin from proteint, increase free warfarine and increase effect

38
Q

example of low Vd and high t1/2

A

warfarin

39
Q

if increase binding to albumine

A

accumulates in plasma

40
Q

Vd is

A

drug in body/drug in plasma

can make assumption ab drug in body by measuring plasma [ ]

41
Q

decreased liver fx

A

increased bioavail of drug

42
Q

2D6 enz metabolizes what?

A

condeine to morphine

43
Q

tylenol and warfarin are metabolized by

A

1A2

44
Q

tylenol and alcohol are metabolized by

A

2E1

45
Q

Tylenol, DIAZEPAM, advil, lidocaine are met d by

A

all 2 and 3A4

46
Q

tylenol DIAZEPAM and lidocain met d by

A

3A4

grapefruit juice

47
Q

codeine is met d into morphine by

A

2D6

Pharmacology Liza (19 decks)

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