Fluid Prescribing Flashcards
5 Rs of fluid prescribing
- resuscitation
- replacement
- routine maintenance
- redsitribution
- reassessment
name 2 crystalloids
sodium chloride 0.9% and Hartmanns solution
what are the benefits of crystalloids
cheap and widely available
what does Hartmanns contain
crystalloid with added electrolytes eg Potassium
define routine maintenance
provide daily maintenance requirements
define replacement
- Provides daily maintenance requirements and replacement of any ongoing abnormal losses
define resuscitation
- Re-establishes haemodynamic stability through restoring intravascular volume
name a colloid
Gelofusin
colloids
should theoretically maintain onctoic pressure, however in practice they are not very good
what are the negative sides of colloids
risk of anaphylaxis
expensive
what solution is recommended for resuscitation
- crystalloid solution
- balanced crystalloid is good as excessive sodium chloride 0.9% can cause hypercholermic metabolic acidosis
what is hypercholermic metabolic acidosis
an acidosis with a normal anion gap, caused by increased chloride and decreased bicarbonate
when is Hartmanns solution avoided
in cases of eg rhabdomyolysis and AKI/CKD, when sodium chloride 0.9% is preferred due to the risk of hyperkalaemia (cells die and release phosphate and potassium ions)
what is recommended for replacement therapy
balanced/crystalloid
what is the normal daily requirement for water
25-30ml/kg/day